Linear Programs in Cost Accounting： A Linear Cost Model

This paper aims to find unit cost of a product for firms. It establishes a linear cost model to find unit cost. Linear goal programs assume a direct relationship between independent variable and dependent variable. Dependent variable of linear model is unit cost. Independent variables are cost accounting variables. They are supply cost, labor cost, and administration cost. This study assumes a direct relationship between supply-labor-administration costs and unit cost. Therefore, it establishes a linear cost model. The major research question of this study is to apply linear goal programming to cost accounting. The goal of this linear program is to find unit cost of product. This study uses quantitative method and human capital method. The main research result is linear costing model itself.

Guaranteed cost control for saturated uncertain linear systems

In this paper, we discuss the problem of guaranteed cost control for uncertain linear systems subject to actuator saturation. Based on the quadratic and non-quadratic Lyapunov functions, sufficient conditions for the robust stability and performance are derived. Moreover, all the conditions can be expressed as linear matrix inequalities （LMIs） or bilinear matrix inequalities （BMIs） in terms of the feedback gain. Thus, the static controller can be effectively synthesized via convex optimization. A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the method.

Delay-dependent guaranteed cost control for uncertain discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems with mode-dependent time-delays

In this paper,the problem of guaranteed cost control for a class of uncertain discrete-time Markovian jump linear systems with mode-dependent time-delays and a given quadratic cost function are investigated. Attention is focused on designing a memoryless state feedback control law such that the closed-loop system is robust stochastically stable and the closed-loop cost function value is not more than a specified upper bound,for all admissible uncertainties. The key features of the approach include the introduction of a new type of suitable stochastic Lyapunov functional and free weighting matrices techniques. Sufficient conditions for the existence of such controller are obtained in terms of a set of linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is given to illustrate the less conservatism of the proposed techniques.

Robust Non-Fragile Guaranteed Cost Control for Nonlinear Time Delay Discrete-Time Systems Based on T-S Model

This paper concerns the robust non-fragile guaranteed cost control for nonlinear time delay discrete-time systems based on Takagi-Sugeno （T-S） model. The problem is to design a guaranteed cost state feedback controller which can tolerate uncertainties from both models and gain variation. Sufficient conditions for the existence of such controller are given based on the linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach combined with Lyapunov method and inequality technique. A numerical example is given to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our result.

基于自适应聚类和线性规划最优选点的彩色图像低成本打印方法

彩色点画是一种从视觉上由大量小像素点构建图像的艺术技术,像素个数的多少直接影响着构图的成本。其优化选点构图方法为实现低成本打印提供了一个重要的方式。目前,点画生成存在着多通道采样点难以均匀分布,颜色层次难以兼顾等难点,并耗费大量的计算成本。对此,提出了一种基于超像素自适应聚类和线性规划最优选点的彩色点画生成方法,该方法在初步超像素划分图像的基础上,使用基于颜色密度峰值的自适应聚类方法得到最佳聚类个数,并进一步划分子聚类,然后根据每个子聚类的颜色均值作为子聚类内部选点的最佳间隔距离,在选点的同时依据SSIM指标,建立目标优化模型,通过数学优化器Gurobi实现模型选点,使点保留最少个数的目标基础上,同时保持聚类内部分布均匀和颜色渐变层次,以提高所生成的点画图像的可视化效果。实验结果表明,本文算法极大地降低了像素个数并在生成的点画的平均结构相似性(mean structural similarity index measure,SSIM)、峰值信噪比(peak signal to noise ratio,PSNR)等评价指标方面均优于当前方法。

Constraint Optimal Selection Techniques (COSTs) for Linear Programming

We describe a new active-set, cutting-plane Constraint Optimal Selection Technique (COST) for solving general linear programming problems. We describe strategies to bound the initial problem and simultaneously add multiple constraints. We give an interpretation of the new COST’s selection rule, which considers both the depth of constraints as well as their angles from the objective function. We provide computational comparisons of the COST with existing linear programming algorithms, including other COSTs in the literature, for some large-scale problems. Finally, we discuss conclusions and future research.

基于贝叶斯线性回归的造价预测模型

为在项目前期准确快速地预测高速公路造价,运用贝叶斯线性回归方程对造价进行预测。首先,识别高速公路造价影响因素,建立造价预测指标体系;其次,对收集的高速公路造价数据统一处理后,基于贝叶斯线性回归方程建立造价预测模型,并与BP神经网络预测模型进行预测效果对比;最后,利用Matlab进行仿真训练和预测。结果表明:相较于BP神经网络模型,贝叶斯线性回归模型具有更高的预测精度和稳定性,其预测值误差控制在5%以内,MAPE为2.29%,决定系数为0.925,可见贝叶斯回归模型的拟合度高、预测效果好,具有良好的可行性和适用性,可以应用于高速公路项目的造价预测。

具有执行器故障的网络控制系统的非脆弱保性能控制

对短时变时延下具有执行器故障的网络控制系统的鲁棒非脆弱保性能控制问题进行研究。为了降低保守性,利用标称点方法对系统进行建模,并结合时变故障矩阵与非脆弱控制,将连续时间系统模型转变为具有范数有界不确定参数的时变离散时间模型。根据Lyapunov对离散系统的稳定性判据以及线性矩阵不等式技术,给出保性能控制器的设计策略和相应的二次性能指标的求解方法,并通过算例验证了所提策略的正确性。

一种面向低成本轻量级雷达的单比特复用阵列信号收发框架

面向低成本轻量级雷达的应用需求,该文提出了一种联合单比特采样量化和时分复用接收机的雷达信号收发框架。首先,通过介绍该框架的工作原理,阐述其在节省接收机数量方面的优势。从雷达资源配置的角度,分析了单比特采样量化在该框架中的重要性,并提出了该框架可利用时间换空间,获得比经典线性调频连续波雷达更好的探测性能。接着,推导了雷达测距、测速和测角公式,以及目标参数估计的克拉美罗界。在此基础上,验证了该框架的性能优势,同时也给出了其稳定工作的信噪比条件。最后,利用一种基于单比特二维多重信号分类的速度维配对算法,验证了该框架获取目标原理的正确性,以及性能分析的可靠性。

运用线性规划优化城市污水管道设计研究

废水收集系统极大地增加了整个市政污水处理系统的成本;收集系统的成本效益设计将大大节省废水服务的成本。在污水系统设计中,针对污水管线、支管、主干管、干管、泵站、处理厂和排污管等城市污水收集、处理和处置系统的主要组成部分,文章应用LP优化技术来估计管道直径和下水道深度,使用Darcy-Weisbach方程作为阻力方程,进行城市污水管道设计优化,具体取决于优化问题公式中使用的商业管道的最小和最大尺寸并考虑成本和水力可行性。

建筑工程造价与项目管理效率的关系

为实现对工程造价的有效控制,将项目管理效率分为进度效率、质量效率、成本效率3部分,将其作为自变量,分析其与建筑工程造价的多元线性关系。结果显示,进度效率、成本效率与建筑工程造价呈显著负相关关系,质量效率与工程造价间不存在显著关系。应提升进度管理水平,优化成本控制策略,加强质量与进度的协同管理,以降低建筑工程造价。

铁路工程人工费单价动态调整机制研究

为推动建设高标准市场体系,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,研究建立铁路工程人工费单价动态调整机制,对保障铁路建设市场高质量、可持续发展具有重要意义。系统梳理了现行铁路及其他行业和地区人工费单价的调整机制,并进行了对比分析;结合理论和数据分析,提出铁路工程人工费单价的5个影响因素,利用相关性分析确定了最低工资标准、建筑业农民工平均工资、铁路主要施工企业劳务费用作为主要影响因素;采用多元线性回归理论建立了基于主要影响因素和附加调整系数的铁路工程人工费单价动态调整数学模型,通过测算分析验证了数学模型的合理性,并分析了数学模型对铁路建设项目投资的影响;从机制建立和有效运行角度提出了铁路工程人工费单价动态调整机制的构建思路。

基于多元线性回归与决策树模型的病种费用分析——以儿童支气管肺炎为例

目的对儿童支气管肺炎住院费用分组,旨在DIP付费下,为住院费用的控制提出更合理的建议。方法通过统计软件SPSS 22对某三甲医院2019—2022年10月3448名儿童支气管肺炎出院患者,进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析,结果筛选出分节点变量,用决策树模型对费用进行组合,并制定各组标准住院费用与权重。结果该院儿童支气管肺炎住院费用逐年上升,但费用结构却在优化。通过多元线性回归分析,将平均住院日、入院病况与年龄三个显著性因素作为分类节点,使用决策树模型,共分为6个费用组,并提出各组费用控制标准与预警上线。结论通过住院费用的预测值与费用预警线能够为支气管肺炎费用管理提供更为精准的参考与建议,节约卫生资源。

Singular linear quadratic performance with the worst disturbance rejection for descriptor systems

This paper deals with the problem of singular linear quadratic performance with the worst-disturbance rejection for descriptor systems. Under the conditions we give, the worst-disturbance and the optimal control-state pair are unique respectively, the optimal control can be synthesized as state feedback and the closed-loop system is regular, stable and impulse-free.

张庄矿高压辊磨闭路筛分流程漏斗改造

为了提高张庄矿高压辊磨闭路筛分流程中湿式直线筛的智慧化程度,针对筛上漏斗易磨损且检修难度高,筛下漏斗物料易堆积,清扫人员工作强度大,单系列停机时间长,影响产品质量稳定等问题,对单台湿式直线筛筛上、筛下漏斗进行了一系列的优化改造。改造后,提高了单线生产能力,减少了人力成本及生产能耗,提高了张庄矿选厂的智慧化程度,为选矿系统的稳质高产及操检维一体化奠定了基础。

Guaranteed Cost Controller Design of Networked Control Systems with State Delay

这份报纸为联网的控制系统(NCS ) 的一个类涉及州反馈的保证费用控制器设计与州延期。NCS 的一个新模型在导致网络的延期的考虑下面被提供。为为 NCS 的一个保证费用控制器的存在的一个 suffcient 条件被一套线性矩阵不平等(LMI ) 介绍。一个方法，它能转变对非凸凸，被使用。因此，一个数字算法被建议获得更低的界限。通过一个例子的理论分析显示出方法的有效性。

一种低成本线极化扩圆极化馈源改造方案

随着无线通信技术的发展,圆极化天线可接收任意极化的来波,已逐渐成为一种重要的数据传输方式。而对于一些原有的线极化卫星地面站,想要把原有单独线极化馈源网络升级改造成兼容圆极化的馈源网络,就需要更换馈源网络,成本较高。为此提出一种可利用原有线极化馈源网络,通过增加后端配件即可实现的线极化扩圆极化低成本改造方案,此方案已成功应用于某项目,可为同需求用户提供参考。

Statistical approach to determination of overhaul and maintenance cost of loading equipment in surface mining

The purpose of this research was to develop a new approach in determination of overhaul and maintenance cost of loading equipment in surface mining. Two statistical models including univariate exponential regression (UER) and multivariate linear regression (MLR) were used in this study. Loading equipment parameters such as bucket capacity, machine weight, engine power, boom length, digging depth, and dumping height were considered as variables. The results obtained by models and mean absolute error rate indicate that these models can be applied as the useful tool in determination of overhaul and maintenance cost of loading equipment. The results of this study can be used by the decision-makers for the specific surface mining operations.

Robust reliable guaranteed cost control for uncertain singular systems with time-delay

The robust reliable guaranteed cost control for uncertain singular delay systems with actuator failures and a given quadratic cost function is studied. The system under consideration involves constant time-delay and norm-bounded parameter uncertainties. The purpose is to design state feedback controllers which can tolerate actuator failure, such that the closed-loop system is stable, and the specified cost function has an upper bound for all admissible uncertainties. The sufficient conditions for the solvability of this problem are obtained by a linear matrix inequality （LMI） method. Furthermore, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach.

考虑净负荷最佳可接纳域的主动配电网电源规划

高比例可再生能源接入所带来的高度不确定性给配电网带来了严峻挑战。该文在净负荷不确定性以概率分布描述的基础上,将节点净负荷可接纳域引入配电网规划中,提出了一种计及净负荷最优可接纳域的配电网电源规划新模型。该模型中可接纳域外部扰动对应的可靠性成本是计算的难点。该文在精细分析可靠性成本数学表达式特征的基础上,发现净负荷扰动概率密度函数在其预测值两侧具有单调变化的特性时,可靠性成本便可简化计算,由此提出一种无需引入0/1变量的线性化计算新方法,显著提升了模型求解的计算效率。所提出的模型基于对偶理论、交替迭代启发式算法等技术,进一步转化为线性规划问题进行求解。通过配电网IEEE 33节点算例,论证了所提模型和方法的有效性。