Integrated Sliding Mode Velocity Control of Linear Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Thrust Ripple Compensation

In this paper,a compound sliding mode velocity control scheme with a new exponential reaching law(NERL)with thrust ripple observation strategy is proposed to obtain a high performance velocity loop of the linear permanent magnet synchronous motor(LPMSM)control system.A sliding mode velocity controller based on NERL is firstly discussed to restrain chattering of the conventional exponential reaching law(CERL).Furthermore,the unavoidable thrust ripple caused by the special structure of linear motor will bring about velocity fluctuation and reduced control performance.Thus,a thrust ripple compensation strategy on the basis of extend Kalman filter(EKF)theory is proposed.The estimated thrust ripple will be introduced into the sliding mode velocity controller to optimize the control accuracy and robustness.The effectiveness of the proposal is validated with experimental results.

基于比例谐振内模扩张状态观测器的PMLSM推力波动抑制策略

定位力是永磁同步直线电机(PMLSM)产生推力波动的主要原因,导致振动和噪声,恶化驱动系统运行性能。针对这一问题,该文提出一种基于比例谐振内模扩张状态观测器(PR-IMESO)的PMLSM推力波动抑制策略以提高系统控制精度和运行性能。首先,对PMLSM推力波动进行建模与分析,针对推力波动中占比较大的定位力分量,根据内模原理研究考虑定位力模型的内模扩张状态观测器(IMESO),并在观测器中引入谐振项以加强对二次脉动定位力的抑制。所提出抑制策略对PMLSM定位力具有良好的观测及补偿能力,还可对其余未建模的复杂动子推力波动进行抑制,具有较好的推力波动整体抑制效果。最后,在一台750 W的PMLSM实验平台上验证所提出抑制策略的有效性。

基于扰动观测器和改进自适应二阶快速终端滑模的PMLSM伺服系统控制

针对永磁直线同步电动机(PMLSM)在运行时易受到摩擦力、负载扰动及环境变化等不确定影响,设计一种基于扰动观测器和自适应二阶快速终端滑模控制方法。首先,该方法在高阶滑模的基础上结合了快速终端滑模控制,有效加快了系统响应速度。其次,在二阶滑模面的基础上引入条件积分项,该项仅作用于边界层内部,能够有效避免滑模到达阶段由于积分饱和现象导致的超调量过大及响应时间过慢的问题。此外,设计自适应切换控制律,使切换增益在合理的区间内,并根据系统状态进行实时更新,从而削弱抖振现象。最后,为进一步提升系统的鲁棒性,采用扰动观测器对PMLSM系统的集总不确定性进行补偿。经实验验证,该控制方法具有良好的位置跟踪精度和强鲁棒性,且对系统抖振现象有明显削弱作用。

基于改进分数阶滑模控制的PMLSM直接推力控制

针对分数阶滑模控制在永磁直线同步电机(Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor, PMLSM)直接推力控制下转速环精度不高、磁链和推力波动大等问题,提出一种改进的分数阶滑模控制算法,即分数阶双幂次指数趋近律、分数阶变速趋近律相结合的组合趋近律,能有效减弱滑模控制引起的系统振荡,加快趋近速率。仿真结果表明:与分数阶滑模控制相比,在PMLSM直接推力控制系统中采取改进分数阶滑模控制,磁链和推力波动明显减弱,系统响应速度加快,提高了PMLSM推力响应的抗干扰能力。

基于改进扩张状态观测器的PMLSM控制策略

针对永磁同步直线电机(PMLSM)在运行过程中对负载变化与外部扰动较为敏感问题,提出一种改进型扩张状态观测器(ESO)的控制方法,该方法对传统ESO的扩张状态项进行优化,加快了扩张状态项的响应速度,并将其补偿至速度外环控制器的输出,从而加快q轴电流给定响应速度,可以进一步提升系统的动态性能与抗扰动能力。同时利用Lyapunov判据证明改进观测器的稳定性,最后通过实验验证证明改进型ESO相比于传统ESO,系统可以更快的速度响应外部扰动,在系统受到外部扰动时引起的速度跌落更小,进一步提升系统的动态性能与抗扰动能力。

基于FPGA的PMLSM三矢量模型预测电流控制IP核设计及硬件在环验证

为了提升永磁直线同步电机(PMLSM)电流控制的稳态性能和执行速度,同时降低资源消耗,基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)设计了一个三矢量模型预测电流控制(TV-MPCC)知识产权(IP)核,并利用FPGA在环可视化验证方法,建立了一个PMLSM的TV-MPCC IP核验证系统。通过Simulink对TV-MPCC策略进行算法级仿真,并优化了基本电压矢量的作用顺序;采用并行与资源共享硬件优化技术设计并封装了一个TV-MPCC IP核,并对其进行了功能仿真;将设计部署在FPGA芯片XC7Z020CLG400-2上,利用FPGA在环可视化验证平台进行实验研究。结果表明,TV-MPCC策略下d、q轴电流跟踪误差和电流脉动均降低90%以上;FPGA工作在100 MHz下,实现一次算法的时间为0.62μs,仅为软件PyCharm执行时间的0.414%。

Simulation and calculation of internal faults in long-stator linear synchronous motor based on winding function theory

To guarantee the safety of the high speed maglev train system, a novel model based on the winding function theory is proposed for the long-stator linear synchronous motor（LSM）, which is suitable for the real-time calculation of the running state. The accurate coupled mathematical models under different internal fault conditions of the LSM are derived based on the normal model. Then the fault currents and electromagnetic forces are simulated and calculated for the major potential internal faults of the LSM, such as the single-phase short circuit, the phase-phase short circuit and the single-phase open circuit. The characteristic curve between the electromagnetic force and the armature current of the LSM, which is compared with the results from the finite element method, proves the validation of the proposed method. The fault rule is determined and the proposed analytical model also shows its feasibility in the fast fault diagnosis through the comparison of the simulation results of currents and electromagnetic forces under different internal fault types and short circuit ratios.

Magnetic field and performance analysis of a tubular permanent magnet linear synchronous motor applied in elevator door system

A novel elevator door driven by tubular permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (TPMLSM) is presented. This TPMLSM applies axial magnet array topology of the secondary rod, air-cored armature windings and slotless structure of the forcer to improve the stability of the thrust. The influence of two major dimensions, the pitch and radius of the permanent magnet (PM), on magnetic field was studied and the best values were given by the finite element analysis (FEA). The magnetic field, back EMF and thrust of the motor were analyzed and the PM size was optimized to reduce the harmonic components of the magnetic field and improve the performance of the motor. Predicted results are validated by the experiment. It is shown that the performance of the motor and the novel elevator door system is satisfying.

Comparative Analysis of Bilateral Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors With Different Structures

Permanent magnet linear synchronous motor(PMLSM)has the advantages of high thrust density and good control accuracy,which can be applied in high-power and high-speed occasions.In this paper,the analytical models are established to obtain the electromagnetic performance for the PMLSMs with dual secondaries and dual primaries.The air-gap flux density and the electromagnetic thrust are also obtained by the finite element model to verify theoretical analysis.Besides,an improved structure is also put forward in order to suppress the thrust fluctuation of the PMLSM.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of two PMLSMs topologies are listed.These analyses would provide a guide for the design of PMLSMs applied in high-power and high-speed occasions.

Optimal design of auxiliary-teeth to solve circulation current reduction of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor

A discontinuity of magnetic circuits according to the end effect is generated in the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （PMLSM）. Due to the unbalanced back electro-motive force （EMF） and impedance produced, unbalanced current is generated. The cireulatin8 current, which is caused by a decrease in the thrust, is generated by the unbalanced current. The optimal design of auxiliary-teeth at the end of the mover was carried out to solve the unbalance of phase by using design of experiment （DOE）, and compared with the basic model through finite element analysis （FEA）. As a result, the auxiliary-teeth model compensates for the decrease of thrust caused by the unbalanced phase. Also, this model is proven to reduce the detent force by the vibration and noise of the PMLSM and copper loss caused by the circulating current.

Study on three dimensional electromagnetic model for permanent magnet linear synchronous motor

In this paper, with the non-salient pole permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM)being cited, by using Fourier transform method and "slot-by-slot", "pole -by-pole" current approach, a 3D electromagnetic field model of PMLSM is established. Special attention is paid to its structure and the influence of longitudinal and transverse end effect. The distribution of electromagnetic field of PMLSM can be obtained directly and promptly by using FFT algorithm. It can also be used for the analysis of other LSM.

Three-dimensional Electromagnetic Characteristics Analysis of Novel Linear Synchronous Motor under Lateral and Yaw Conditions of MAGLEV

Dynamic stability analysis of superconducting electro-dynamic maglev train under lateral and yawing motion condition is the key research content.The novel three-dimensional electromagnetic model of integrated linear synchronous motor in electro-dynamic maglev train with yawing operation condition is proposed,which can not only simultaneously achieve the propulsion,levitation and guidance performances of maglev vehicle,but also analyze the dynamic stability performance of train with yawing condition.The three-dimensional analytical method is introduced for analyzing the electromagnetic force characteristics of the linear synchronous motor with the yawing operation condition.Firstly,the topology structure and operation principle of the linear synchronous motor with yawing attitude are proposed.Secondly,the three-dimensional analytical model and expressions of electromagnetic characteristics are obtained by equivalent circuit method and Fourier decomposition method,such as levitation force,guidance force,propulsion force and yawing torque,etc.Finally,the three-dimensional electromagnetic characteristics of the linear synchronous motor are calculated under yawing operation conditions of maglev train,and the correctness of the analytical theory is verified by the finite element analysis and measured data on the test line.

Electromagnetic Analysis and Optimization of High-speed Maglev Linear Synchronous Motor Based on Field-circuit Coupling

High speed maglev train has become a new non-contact transportation mode mainly studied in recent years because of its non-sticking and high speed characteristics.Firstly,the finite element model of the long stator linear synchronous motor(LSM)is established based on the structure of the test prototype.After calculation,it is compared with the experimental data and verified.On this basis,a field-circuit coupling model based on inverter circuit is established,and the influence of carrier wave ratio change on the output characteristics of LSM is calculated and analyzed.Finally,the filter circuit is introduced into the field-circuit coupling model,and the influence of the filter circuit on the output characteristics of the LSM is compared and analyzed.

基于三阶超螺旋扰动观测器的PMLSM全局自适应滑模控制

针对永磁直线同步电机的位置跟踪精确度易受外部扰动、参数变化等不确定性因素影响的问题,提出全局自适应滑模控制器与三阶超螺旋扰动观测器相结合的复合控制策略。首先,为了解决全局滑模控制存在的抖振问题,根据自适应趋近律设计全局自适应滑模控制器。自适应趋近律可以根据系统状态变量的变化过程实时调整开关增益的大小,从而提高系统的响应速度并减小抖振。然后,为了提高系统的跟踪精确度以及抗干扰能力,设计三阶超螺旋扰动观测器,利用扰动观测器观测系统中无法精确测量的扰动以及存在的不确定项,实现对系统的前馈补偿。最后,进行仿真与实验验证。仿真与实验结果表明,与全局滑模控制相比,所提方法能有效提高系统的响应速度和跟踪精确度,使系统具有良好的稳态性能和动态性能。

Characteristics of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor fed by spwm inverter based on field-circuit coupled method

Presented field-circuit coupled adaptive time-stepping finite element method to study on permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) characteristics fed by SPWM voltage source inverter.In air-gap field where the direction or magnitude of the field is changing rapidly,the smallest elements are demanded due to high accuracy to use adaptive meshing technique.The co-simulation was used with the status space functions and time-step finite element functions,in which time-step of the status space functions was the smallest than finite element functions'.The magnitude relation of the normal elec- tromagnetic force and tangential electromagnetic force and the period were attained,and current curve was very abrupt at current zero area due to the bigger resistance and leak- age reactance,including main characteristics of motor voltage and velocity.The simulation results compare triumphantly with the experiments results.

基于无模型的PMLSM改进自适应滑模自抗扰控制

为了提高永磁直线同步电机的自抗扰控制的动态响应性能和抗干扰性能,增强系统整体的控制性能,提出了一种基于无模型控制的改进滑模自抗扰控制策略。首先,基于滑模变结构原理以及无模型控制理论对自抗扰控制器中的扩张状态观测器和非线性状态误差反馈进行优化,建立了超局部模型,采用非奇异快速终端滑模控制代替原有的非线性状态误差反馈,同时设计相应滑模面与扩张状态观测器相结合,提高观测器对扰动因素的观测精确度的同时增强控制器的动态响应性能和抗干扰能力。然后设计了改进指数趋近率,通过引入系统状态变量使得控制器可以进行自适应调节,进一步提高系统的控制性能。通过李雅普诺夫理论证明了控制策略的稳定性,仿真和实验结果表明,该控制策略相对传统的自抗扰控制器所具备的优越性。

基于改进分数阶模型参考自适应系统的PMLSM-DFC

针对分数阶模型参考自适应系统(Fractional Order Model Reference Adaptive System,FOMRAS)在永磁直线同步电机(Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor,PMLSM)直接推力控制(Direct Force Control,DFC)下转速估计误差大、响应速度慢、抗干扰能力差等现象,提出一种改进FOMRAS算法,即速度辨识中使用改进的分数阶自适应律,对转速进行跟踪,减小推力响应的抖动,确保估计值快速逼近真实值。运用于DFC中,实现无速度传感器控制。仿真结果表明:采取改进FOMRAS的无速度传感器PMLSM-DFC,抗扰动能力明显加强,具有良好的动静态能力,确保了系统稳定性。

基于扩张状态观测器的PMLSM高阶自适应非奇异快速终端滑模控制

为改善永磁直线同步电机控制系统的位置跟踪精度和鲁棒性,提出了一种基于扩张状态观测的高阶自适应非奇异快速终端滑模控制方案。首先,设计了一种高阶非奇异快速终端滑模面,通过引入反馈电流实现对电机位置、速度和电流的整体控制。其次,设计新型滑模趋近律,使控制系统能快速将误差趋近于零并削弱抖振。同时,引入自适应律估计并实时调整趋近律系数。最后,设计了扩张状态观测观测外部扰动,从而提高位置跟踪系统的动态和稳态性能。基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,证明了该控制系统的稳定性。通过仿真与实验验证,结果表明,提出的控制方法能有效提高系统的位置跟踪精度,并且增强了系统的抗干扰能力。

A Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor Drive for HTS Maglev Transportation Systems

A permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （PMLSM） for a high temperature superconducting （HTS） maglev system has been studied, including the motor structure, control strategy, and analysis techniques. Finite element analysis （FEA） of magnetic field is conducted to accurately calculate major motor parameters. Equivalent electrical circuit is used to predict the drive＇s steady-state characteristics, and a phase variable model is applied to predict the dynamic performance. Preliminary experiment with a prototype has been made to verify the theoretical analysis and the HTS-PM synchronous driving technology.

Development of High-Thrust and Double-Sided Linear Synchronous Motor Module For Liquid Crystal Display Equipment

Recently,there is an increasing requirement for controlling linear motion up to a few hundred of millimeter strokes in the area of the liquid crystal display(LCD) production equipment.The requirements of the motion system for LCD production equipment are high acceleration and high velocity with positioning accuracy.To satisfy these requirements,it has to be designed with the high-thrust force and low velocity ripple.In this work, high-thrust and double-sided linear synchronous motor (LSM)module is proposed and the developed high-thrust and double-sided LSM module is verified by performance test.