Coevolutionary arms races between brood parasites and hosts provide tractable systems for understanding antagonistic coevolution in nature;however,little is known about the fate of frontline antiparasite defenses when...Coevolutionary arms races between brood parasites and hosts provide tractable systems for understanding antagonistic coevolution in nature;however,little is known about the fate of frontline antiparasite defenses when the host“wins”the coevolutionary arms race.By recreating bygone species interactions,using artificial parasitism experiments,lingering defensive behaviors that evolved in the context of parasitism can be understood and may even be used to identify the unknown agent of parasitism past.Here we present the first study of this type by evaluating lingering“frontline”nest defenses that have evolved to prevent egg laying in a former brood parasite host.The Australian reed warbler Acrocephalus australis is currently not parasitized but is known to exhibit fine-tuned egg discrimination—a defensive behavior indicative of a past brood parasite–host arms race and common in closely related parasitized species.Here,using 3D-printed models of adult brood parasites,we examined whether the Australian reed warbler also exhibits frontline defenses to adult brood parasites,and whether we could use these defenses to identify the warbler’s“ghost of parasitism past.”Our findings provide evidence that the Australian reed warbler readily engages in frontline defenses that are considered adaptive specifically in the context of brood parasitism.However,individuals were unable to discriminate between adults of different brood parasite species at their nest.Overall,our results demonstrate that despite a relaxation in selection,defenses against brood parasitism can be maintained across multiple stages of the host’s nesting cycle,and further suggest that,in accordance with previous findings,that learning may be important for fine-tuning frontline defense.展开更多
By introducing stories of the garden owners' obsession to stones and their contributions to the stone culture of the garden, the long and continuous history and rich culture of Lingering Garden was highlighted. Th...By introducing stories of the garden owners' obsession to stones and their contributions to the stone culture of the garden, the long and continuous history and rich culture of Lingering Garden was highlighted. There are abundant and various stones in the garden, rich in texture, shape and color, while the multiple-layered and multiple-perspective appreciation of stones is an important part of its stones culture. Furthermore, unusual histories of these stones greatly enrich the cultural connotations of the garden.展开更多
Objective:To explore the feasibility of five tones combined with electro-acupuncture for drug rehabilitation.Methods:Search and screen the literature related to drug rehabilitation with musical electrico-acupuncture i...Objective:To explore the feasibility of five tones combined with electro-acupuncture for drug rehabilitation.Methods:Search and screen the literature related to drug rehabilitation with musical electrico-acupuncture in PubMed,CNKI,CQVIP and Wanfang data to May 2019,and summarize and analyze the literature.Results:Either music therapy or acupuncture therapy has therapeutic responses respectively,and the combined use of both is more effective than the single-use.Conclusion:The combination of five tones and acupuncture is highly feasible for drug rehabilitation.展开更多
DRUGS FOR CLEARING HEATOF DEFICIENCY TYPEThis type of drugs have the effect ofclearing heat away from the blood andcleansing heat of deficiency type.They areprincipally indicated for hectic or tidal feverdue to yin de...DRUGS FOR CLEARING HEATOF DEFICIENCY TYPEThis type of drugs have the effect ofclearing heat away from the blood andcleansing heat of deficiency type.They areprincipally indicated for hectic or tidal feverdue to yin deficiency,feverish sensation inthe palms and soles,or nocturnal and linger-ing low-grade fever.These drugs are展开更多
Relative stability marks the current Russian scene. Yet uncertainties linger and fresh troubles are brewing. President Boris Yeltsin won a big victorywith the adoption of the new constitution by plebiscite and a sligh...Relative stability marks the current Russian scene. Yet uncertainties linger and fresh troubles are brewing. President Boris Yeltsin won a big victorywith the adoption of the new constitution by plebiscite and a slight majority of sup-porters in the new Duma. The national yearnings for stability also work in his fa-vor. However, the political, economic and social crises he still faces are daunting.And the dispute over the necessity of presidential reelection may flare up again展开更多
Pressured by a slowdown in exports, cost increases and dwindling returns to manufacturing investments, China's manufacturing capital has begun to shift to the real-estate and stock markets. As a matter of fact, th...Pressured by a slowdown in exports, cost increases and dwindling returns to manufacturing investments, China's manufacturing capital has begun to shift to the real-estate and stock markets. As a matter of fact, the stock market had already felt a shock a couple of years ago when top domestic manufacturers like Midea, Gree, TCL and LMZ started to invest their idle capital in the real-estate and stock markets. Investments of manufacturing capital in both the real estate and stock markets have increased fluid capital and pushed up the value of both markets. Booms in both markets have in turn guaranteed investment returns of manufacturing capital, which further increased the stock market valuations of manufacturing capital. Such a cycle has created interest chains between listed manufacturers, the stock market and the real-estate market. Along with the ups and downs of the stock and real-estate markets, manufacturing capital now faces a dilemma: to escape or to persist? Where should it escape? When can the markets be profitable again? Just like the classic Shakespearean question: to be or not to be, that is the question.展开更多
With as many as 19 provinces in China potentially falling behind their growth targets in Q32018, the effects of the trade war that might linger into 2019 have led to rapid activity from the Chinese Government to promo...With as many as 19 provinces in China potentially falling behind their growth targets in Q32018, the effects of the trade war that might linger into 2019 have led to rapid activity from the Chinese Government to promote stability in the economy. The decline in key indicators has seen analysts projecting a deflation threat.November saw a slower-than-expected growth in the monthly exports and imports.China,however, has actively sought to relieve the stress on the economy,by shifting policy priorities from debt reduction to increased efforts to bolster economic growth.展开更多
In the hands of chef Bai Changji, tofu （soybean curd） alone can be turned out to be a banquet of more than 200 kinds of cuisine. Even the bean dregs after making tofu will be cooked into dishes.
The evolutionarily conserved Hippo signaling pathway plays an important role in organ size control by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis.Here,we identify Lingerer(Lig)as a growth suppressor using RNAi modifyi...The evolutionarily conserved Hippo signaling pathway plays an important role in organ size control by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis.Here,we identify Lingerer(Lig)as a growth suppressor using RNAi modifying screen in Drosophila melanogaster.Loss of lig increases organ size and upregulates bantam(ban)and the expression of the Hippo pathway target genes,while overexpression of lig results in diminished ban expression and organ size reduction.We demonstrate that Lig C-terminal exhibits dominant-negative function on growth and ban expression,and thus plays an important role in organ size control and ban regulation.In addition,we provide evidence that both Yki and Mad are essential for Lig-induced ban expression.We also show that Lig regulates the expression of the Hippo pathway target genes partially via Yorkie.Moreover,we find that Lig physically interacts with and requires Salvador to restrict cell growth.Taken together,we demonstrate that Lig functions as a critical growth suppressor to control organ size via ban and Hippo signaling.展开更多
Shadows of a dark time in Tianjin linger even today一百多年前一场谣言导致的灾难In 1870,the city of Tianjin exploded in a day of rage.By nightfall,21 foreign residents of the city were dead,including 16 nuns dragged fr...Shadows of a dark time in Tianjin linger even today一百多年前一场谣言导致的灾难In 1870,the city of Tianjin exploded in a day of rage.By nightfall,21 foreign residents of the city were dead,including 16 nuns dragged from an orphanage and publicly tortured to death.The still-new network of trans-continental telegraph cable spread word of the outrage around the globe.In China,the court of the Qing Empire made ready for war.Officials from the coastal treaty ports展开更多
文摘Coevolutionary arms races between brood parasites and hosts provide tractable systems for understanding antagonistic coevolution in nature;however,little is known about the fate of frontline antiparasite defenses when the host“wins”the coevolutionary arms race.By recreating bygone species interactions,using artificial parasitism experiments,lingering defensive behaviors that evolved in the context of parasitism can be understood and may even be used to identify the unknown agent of parasitism past.Here we present the first study of this type by evaluating lingering“frontline”nest defenses that have evolved to prevent egg laying in a former brood parasite host.The Australian reed warbler Acrocephalus australis is currently not parasitized but is known to exhibit fine-tuned egg discrimination—a defensive behavior indicative of a past brood parasite–host arms race and common in closely related parasitized species.Here,using 3D-printed models of adult brood parasites,we examined whether the Australian reed warbler also exhibits frontline defenses to adult brood parasites,and whether we could use these defenses to identify the warbler’s“ghost of parasitism past.”Our findings provide evidence that the Australian reed warbler readily engages in frontline defenses that are considered adaptive specifically in the context of brood parasitism.However,individuals were unable to discriminate between adults of different brood parasite species at their nest.Overall,our results demonstrate that despite a relaxation in selection,defenses against brood parasitism can be maintained across multiple stages of the host’s nesting cycle,and further suggest that,in accordance with previous findings,that learning may be important for fine-tuning frontline defense.
文摘By introducing stories of the garden owners' obsession to stones and their contributions to the stone culture of the garden, the long and continuous history and rich culture of Lingering Garden was highlighted. There are abundant and various stones in the garden, rich in texture, shape and color, while the multiple-layered and multiple-perspective appreciation of stones is an important part of its stones culture. Furthermore, unusual histories of these stones greatly enrich the cultural connotations of the garden.
基金This study is supported by Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Training(SRT)Program(No.2019074).
文摘Objective:To explore the feasibility of five tones combined with electro-acupuncture for drug rehabilitation.Methods:Search and screen the literature related to drug rehabilitation with musical electrico-acupuncture in PubMed,CNKI,CQVIP and Wanfang data to May 2019,and summarize and analyze the literature.Results:Either music therapy or acupuncture therapy has therapeutic responses respectively,and the combined use of both is more effective than the single-use.Conclusion:The combination of five tones and acupuncture is highly feasible for drug rehabilitation.
文摘DRUGS FOR CLEARING HEATOF DEFICIENCY TYPEThis type of drugs have the effect ofclearing heat away from the blood andcleansing heat of deficiency type.They areprincipally indicated for hectic or tidal feverdue to yin deficiency,feverish sensation inthe palms and soles,or nocturnal and linger-ing low-grade fever.These drugs are
文摘Relative stability marks the current Russian scene. Yet uncertainties linger and fresh troubles are brewing. President Boris Yeltsin won a big victorywith the adoption of the new constitution by plebiscite and a slight majority of sup-porters in the new Duma. The national yearnings for stability also work in his fa-vor. However, the political, economic and social crises he still faces are daunting.And the dispute over the necessity of presidential reelection may flare up again
文摘Pressured by a slowdown in exports, cost increases and dwindling returns to manufacturing investments, China's manufacturing capital has begun to shift to the real-estate and stock markets. As a matter of fact, the stock market had already felt a shock a couple of years ago when top domestic manufacturers like Midea, Gree, TCL and LMZ started to invest their idle capital in the real-estate and stock markets. Investments of manufacturing capital in both the real estate and stock markets have increased fluid capital and pushed up the value of both markets. Booms in both markets have in turn guaranteed investment returns of manufacturing capital, which further increased the stock market valuations of manufacturing capital. Such a cycle has created interest chains between listed manufacturers, the stock market and the real-estate market. Along with the ups and downs of the stock and real-estate markets, manufacturing capital now faces a dilemma: to escape or to persist? Where should it escape? When can the markets be profitable again? Just like the classic Shakespearean question: to be or not to be, that is the question.
文摘With as many as 19 provinces in China potentially falling behind their growth targets in Q32018, the effects of the trade war that might linger into 2019 have led to rapid activity from the Chinese Government to promote stability in the economy. The decline in key indicators has seen analysts projecting a deflation threat.November saw a slower-than-expected growth in the monthly exports and imports.China,however, has actively sought to relieve the stress on the economy,by shifting policy priorities from debt reduction to increased efforts to bolster economic growth.
文摘In the hands of chef Bai Changji, tofu （soybean curd） alone can be turned out to be a banquet of more than 200 kinds of cuisine. Even the bean dregs after making tofu will be cooked into dishes.
基金This work is supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2010CB912101,2012CB945001,2011CB943902)the‘Strategic Priority Research Program’of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA01010406)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31171394,31371462).
文摘The evolutionarily conserved Hippo signaling pathway plays an important role in organ size control by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis.Here,we identify Lingerer(Lig)as a growth suppressor using RNAi modifying screen in Drosophila melanogaster.Loss of lig increases organ size and upregulates bantam(ban)and the expression of the Hippo pathway target genes,while overexpression of lig results in diminished ban expression and organ size reduction.We demonstrate that Lig C-terminal exhibits dominant-negative function on growth and ban expression,and thus plays an important role in organ size control and ban regulation.In addition,we provide evidence that both Yki and Mad are essential for Lig-induced ban expression.We also show that Lig regulates the expression of the Hippo pathway target genes partially via Yorkie.Moreover,we find that Lig physically interacts with and requires Salvador to restrict cell growth.Taken together,we demonstrate that Lig functions as a critical growth suppressor to control organ size via ban and Hippo signaling.
文摘Shadows of a dark time in Tianjin linger even today一百多年前一场谣言导致的灾难In 1870,the city of Tianjin exploded in a day of rage.By nightfall,21 foreign residents of the city were dead,including 16 nuns dragged from an orphanage and publicly tortured to death.The still-new network of trans-continental telegraph cable spread word of the outrage around the globe.In China,the court of the Qing Empire made ready for war.Officials from the coastal treaty ports
