Background:Progressive lipid loss of adipose tissue is a major feature of cancer-associated cachexia.In addition to systemic immune/inflammatory effects in response to tumor progression,tumor-secreted cachectic ligand...Background:Progressive lipid loss of adipose tissue is a major feature of cancer-associated cachexia.In addition to systemic immune/inflammatory effects in response to tumor progression,tumor-secreted cachectic ligands also play essential roles in tumor-induced lipid loss.However,the mechanisms of tumor-adipose tissue interaction in lipid homeostasis are not fully understood.Methods:The yki-gut tumors were induced in fruit flies.Lipid metabolic assays were performed to investigate the lipolysis level of different types of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3)treated cells.Immunoblotting was used to display phenotypes of tumor cells and adipocytes.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)analysis was carried out to examine the gene expression levels such as Acc1,Acly,and Fasn et al.Results:In this study,it was revealed that tumor-derived IGFBP-3 was an important ligand directly causing lipid loss in matured adipocytes.IGFBP-3,which is highly expressed in cachectic tumor cells,antagonized insulin/IGF-like signaling(IIS)and impaired the balance between lipolysis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Conditioned medium from cachectic tumor cells,such as Capan-1 and C26 cells,contained excessive IGFBP-3 that potently induced lipolysis in adipocytes.Notably,neutralization of IGFBP-3 by neutralizing antibody in the conditioned medium of cachectic tumor cells significantly alleviated the lipolytic effect and restored lipid storage in adipocytes.Furthermore,cachectic tumor cells were resistant to IGFBP-3 inhibition of IIS,ensuring their escape from IGFBP-3-associated growth suppression.Finally,cachectic tumor-derived ImpL2,the IGFBP-3 homolog,also impaired lipid homeostasis of host cells in an established cancer-cachexia model in Drosophila.Most importantly,IGFBP-3 was highly expressed in cancer tissues in pancreatic and colorectal cancer patients,especially higher in the sera of cachectic cancer patients than non-cachexia cancer patients.Conclusion:Our study demonstrates that tumor-derived IGFBP-3 plays a critical role in cachexia-associated lipid loss and could be a biomarker for diagnosis of cachexia in cancer patients.展开更多
Xylitol is an alternative sweetener which has been previously reported to have many beneficial effects such as prevention from dental caries, reduction of visceral fat and increased synthesis of collagen. However, its...Xylitol is an alternative sweetener which has been previously reported to have many beneficial effects such as prevention from dental caries, reduction of visceral fat and increased synthesis of collagen. However, its role in body weight loss management has not been uncovered before. This study sought to investigate the effects of xylitol on body weight loss management, blood glucose and lipid profile on diet-induced obesity (DOI) mice. Fifteen male mice were subjected to high fat diet (60 kcal%) and normal drinking water for 28 days and then randomly divided into three (control, glucose and xylitol) groups. Each group of mice was then fed with normal diet for another 28 days with supplied normal drinking water (control);glucose solution 10% and xylitol solution 10%. Body weight loss was found to be significantly high in xylitol mice (2.56 ± 0.21, p = 0.003) compared to the other two groups. Lowest blood glucose level was found in the control group mice with the mean 7.65 ± 0.10 (p = 0.001). Xylitol mice had also showed the lowest total cholesterol level (4.20 ± 0.90, p = 0.000) than the other groups, but highest in HDL level (2.72 ± 0.14, p = 0.000). In conclusion, these findings proved that xylitol has the potential to reduce body weight, lowering the blood glucose but yet increase the HDL level.展开更多
Objective To explore the relationship between sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) and vascular risk factors(including serum lipids and uric acid).Method This is a retrospective analysis of 100 cases of SSNHL seen...Objective To explore the relationship between sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) and vascular risk factors(including serum lipids and uric acid).Method This is a retrospective analysis of 100 cases of SSNHL seen at the Drum Tower Hospital,Nanjing Medical University,between Jan.2007 and Apr.2008。 Patient history,blood test results and imaging scans were analyzed.Levels of triglyceride(TG),cholesterols(CHO),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-CH),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-CH),apolipoprotein AI(ApoAI),apolipoprotein B(ApoB) and uric acid(UA) from these patients were compared with a control group of 56 patients treated for vocal cord polyps or nasal septum deviation during the same period.Patients with hypertension,diabetes,heart,brain,liver or kidney disorders are excluded from the present investigation.Results HDLCH level was higher and UA level lower in the study group than the control group(P < 0.05).HDL-CH and UA showed no significant differences among different age-groups(P > 0.05).There were no significant differences in the levels of TG,CHO,LDL-CH,ApoAI and ApoB(P > 0.05).Conclusion These data indicate that metabolic disturbances of serum lipids and/or uric acid may be potential risk factors for SSNHL展开更多
Objective: This work compares the occlusive effect and the penetration enhancement ability of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), through in vitro skin. Methods: SLN and NLC were p...Objective: This work compares the occlusive effect and the penetration enhancement ability of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), through in vitro skin. Methods: SLN and NLC were prepared by high shear homogenization and characterized by size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology and physical stability. Occlusive effect was assessed by an in vitro test and by measuring TEWL using pig skin. Skin treated with the lipid carriers was visualized by SEM. A penetration test through skin, followed by tape stripping, was carried out using Nile red as a marker. Results: SLN (200 ± 6 nm) and NLC (192 ± 11 nm) were obtained. An occlusion factor of 36% - 39% was observed for both systems, while a reduction in TEWL of 34.3% ± 14.8% and 26.2% ± 6.5% was seen after treatment with SLN and NLC, respectively. SEM images showed a film formed by the lipid carriers, responsible for the occlusion observed. No differences were found between the occlusive effect produced by SLN and NLC in both tests. NLC allowed the penetration of a greater amount of Nile red than SLN: 4.7 ± 1.3 μg and 1.7 ± 0.4 μg, respectively. Conclusion: Both carriers form a film on the skin, providing an occlusive effect with no differences between these two systems. The penetration of a marker (Nile red) into the stratum corneum was quite higher for NLC than for SLN, suggesting an influence of the composition of these particles on their penetration enhancing ability.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82073876)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7202012)
文摘Background:Progressive lipid loss of adipose tissue is a major feature of cancer-associated cachexia.In addition to systemic immune/inflammatory effects in response to tumor progression,tumor-secreted cachectic ligands also play essential roles in tumor-induced lipid loss.However,the mechanisms of tumor-adipose tissue interaction in lipid homeostasis are not fully understood.Methods:The yki-gut tumors were induced in fruit flies.Lipid metabolic assays were performed to investigate the lipolysis level of different types of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3)treated cells.Immunoblotting was used to display phenotypes of tumor cells and adipocytes.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)analysis was carried out to examine the gene expression levels such as Acc1,Acly,and Fasn et al.Results:In this study,it was revealed that tumor-derived IGFBP-3 was an important ligand directly causing lipid loss in matured adipocytes.IGFBP-3,which is highly expressed in cachectic tumor cells,antagonized insulin/IGF-like signaling(IIS)and impaired the balance between lipolysis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.Conditioned medium from cachectic tumor cells,such as Capan-1 and C26 cells,contained excessive IGFBP-3 that potently induced lipolysis in adipocytes.Notably,neutralization of IGFBP-3 by neutralizing antibody in the conditioned medium of cachectic tumor cells significantly alleviated the lipolytic effect and restored lipid storage in adipocytes.Furthermore,cachectic tumor cells were resistant to IGFBP-3 inhibition of IIS,ensuring their escape from IGFBP-3-associated growth suppression.Finally,cachectic tumor-derived ImpL2,the IGFBP-3 homolog,also impaired lipid homeostasis of host cells in an established cancer-cachexia model in Drosophila.Most importantly,IGFBP-3 was highly expressed in cancer tissues in pancreatic and colorectal cancer patients,especially higher in the sera of cachectic cancer patients than non-cachexia cancer patients.Conclusion:Our study demonstrates that tumor-derived IGFBP-3 plays a critical role in cachexia-associated lipid loss and could be a biomarker for diagnosis of cachexia in cancer patients.
文摘Xylitol is an alternative sweetener which has been previously reported to have many beneficial effects such as prevention from dental caries, reduction of visceral fat and increased synthesis of collagen. However, its role in body weight loss management has not been uncovered before. This study sought to investigate the effects of xylitol on body weight loss management, blood glucose and lipid profile on diet-induced obesity (DOI) mice. Fifteen male mice were subjected to high fat diet (60 kcal%) and normal drinking water for 28 days and then randomly divided into three (control, glucose and xylitol) groups. Each group of mice was then fed with normal diet for another 28 days with supplied normal drinking water (control);glucose solution 10% and xylitol solution 10%. Body weight loss was found to be significantly high in xylitol mice (2.56 ± 0.21, p = 0.003) compared to the other two groups. Lowest blood glucose level was found in the control group mice with the mean 7.65 ± 0.10 (p = 0.001). Xylitol mice had also showed the lowest total cholesterol level (4.20 ± 0.90, p = 0.000) than the other groups, but highest in HDL level (2.72 ± 0.14, p = 0.000). In conclusion, these findings proved that xylitol has the potential to reduce body weight, lowering the blood glucose but yet increase the HDL level.
基金supported by a grant from Nanjing Medical Development Foundation(NO: YKK05098)
文摘Objective To explore the relationship between sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL) and vascular risk factors(including serum lipids and uric acid).Method This is a retrospective analysis of 100 cases of SSNHL seen at the Drum Tower Hospital,Nanjing Medical University,between Jan.2007 and Apr.2008。 Patient history,blood test results and imaging scans were analyzed.Levels of triglyceride(TG),cholesterols(CHO),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-CH),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-CH),apolipoprotein AI(ApoAI),apolipoprotein B(ApoB) and uric acid(UA) from these patients were compared with a control group of 56 patients treated for vocal cord polyps or nasal septum deviation during the same period.Patients with hypertension,diabetes,heart,brain,liver or kidney disorders are excluded from the present investigation.Results HDLCH level was higher and UA level lower in the study group than the control group(P < 0.05).HDL-CH and UA showed no significant differences among different age-groups(P > 0.05).There were no significant differences in the levels of TG,CHO,LDL-CH,ApoAI and ApoB(P > 0.05).Conclusion These data indicate that metabolic disturbances of serum lipids and/or uric acid may be potential risk factors for SSNHL
文摘Objective: This work compares the occlusive effect and the penetration enhancement ability of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), through in vitro skin. Methods: SLN and NLC were prepared by high shear homogenization and characterized by size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, morphology and physical stability. Occlusive effect was assessed by an in vitro test and by measuring TEWL using pig skin. Skin treated with the lipid carriers was visualized by SEM. A penetration test through skin, followed by tape stripping, was carried out using Nile red as a marker. Results: SLN (200 ± 6 nm) and NLC (192 ± 11 nm) were obtained. An occlusion factor of 36% - 39% was observed for both systems, while a reduction in TEWL of 34.3% ± 14.8% and 26.2% ± 6.5% was seen after treatment with SLN and NLC, respectively. SEM images showed a film formed by the lipid carriers, responsible for the occlusion observed. No differences were found between the occlusive effect produced by SLN and NLC in both tests. NLC allowed the penetration of a greater amount of Nile red than SLN: 4.7 ± 1.3 μg and 1.7 ± 0.4 μg, respectively. Conclusion: Both carriers form a film on the skin, providing an occlusive effect with no differences between these two systems. The penetration of a marker (Nile red) into the stratum corneum was quite higher for NLC than for SLN, suggesting an influence of the composition of these particles on their penetration enhancing ability.
