A new solar coupling regeneration method for liquid desiccant air-conditioning system

A new solar coupling regeneration system is proposed in order to improve the reliability of solar desiccant regeneration system.The new system makes comprehensively use of the solar energy and can also be appropriate for energy-storage in a night operation mode when the electric power supply is at its valley.Comparison of the performance of the new system,the solar thermal regeneration system and the solar electrodialysis regeneration system are made and the influential factors of the performance of the new system are investigated.The results reveal that the new system will be more energy efficient than the solar thermal regeneration system and the solar electrodialysis regeneration system.

Design of ionic liquids as liquid desiccant for an air conditioning system

Suitable control of the humidity can contribute to electric energy savings. However, the present dehumidification system has many weak points. The liquid desiccant air-conditioning system has recently gained growing interest from the stand point of reducing energy consumption during dehumidification. In order to find the appropriate ionic liquids(ILs) as a desiccant for the liquid desiccant air-conditioner system, we conducted a systematic evaluation of the humidification capability of 16 types of ILs. Among the tested ILs, tributyl(methyl)phosphonium dimethyl phosphate([P4441][DMPO_4]) exhibited the best dehumidification capacity and had a less corrosive effect on four types of metals as possible piping materials. It should be noted that this [P_(4441)][DMPO_4] has a very stable nature and produced no odor while conducting the experiment and storing for over 1 year at room temperature under ambient conditions. Furthermore, it was revealed that a 77%(w/w) aqueous solution of [P4441][DMPO_4] worked as an efficient desiccant liquid for the liquid desiccant air-conditioner system.

Moisture transfer resistance method for liquid desiccant dehumidification analysis and optimization

The concepts of entransy, entransy dissipation and transfer resistance are introduced into liquid desiccant dehumidification analysis to reveal the irreversibility and moisture transfer resistance between moist air and liquid desiccant.By analyzing a typical water (vapor) transfer process coupled with heat transfer, we define the concepts of mass entransy of water and its dissipation, derive the expression of moisture transfer resistance (MTR) that reflects the irreversibility of water transfer during dehumidification processes, and also point out the relationship between MTR and dehumidification performance. With these concepts, both adiabatic and internal cooling liquid desiccant dehumidification systems with various operation conditions are analyzed and optimized. It is found that for the adiabatic dehumidification system, increasing the mass transfer coefficient leads to the reduction of MTR, and consequently, the improvement of dehumidification performance. Meanwhile, for the dehumidification system with internal cooling, in order to reduce the MTR and improve the dehumidification performance, pre-cooling should be centralized ahead of the liquid desiccant inlet when the flow rates ratio of air to desiccant is small, whereas, uniform cooling should be applied when the flow rates ratio of air to desiccant is large.

Recent progress in liquid desiccant dehumidification and air-conditioning:A review

This paper presents a literature review on the recent research progress in liquid desiccant dehumidification and air conditioning systems.The physical features of various liquid desiccant materials and their dehumidification performances have been summarized.With the aim to improve the dehumidification characteristics,mixed sol-vents desiccants have become research hot topics recently.Various types of dehumidifiers and their integration with liquid desiccant dehumidification system have been reviewed.The combination of liquid desiccant dehumid-ification system with solar collector,vapour compression system,heat pump system,CHP system,etc.have been grouped and compared.It is shown that the majority of the recent research work for liquid desiccant dehumid-ification systems has concentrated on numerical simulations,a considerable amount of works are still required for the practical investigations of innovative material(mixed solvents)and hybrid systems.

太阳能-地热能复合利用的溶液除湿空调系统研究

针对传统空调系统采用温湿度联合处理的方式而导致的舒适性差、能源消耗大等问题,以南昌市某建筑为研究对象,利用TRNSYS仿真软件建立太阳能-地热能复合利用的溶液除湿空调系统数学模型,并分析集热器面积及埋管数量对系统性能的影响,在此基础上选取合适的参数对系统全年运行工况进行模拟。同时针对夏季室外新风含湿量波动较大的问题,提出对新风采取分流处理的解决方式。结果表明:在制冷工况下,室内平均温度为26.1℃,相对湿度在50%~65%之间;在供暖工况下,室内平均温度为19.2℃,相对湿度大部分处于40%~60%之间,能够很好地控制室内热湿环境。供暖和制冷季节能效比分别为6.2和4.5,全年性能系数为4.7,明显高于传统的空调系统。

开式吸收式热泵系统的研究及应用进展

闭式蒸气吸收式热泵系统以热能和少量泵功驱动代替蒸气压缩热泵系统的压缩机驱动,分别实现工质的流动和内能的增加,节省了高品位电能的压缩功。开式吸收式系统相比于闭式吸收式热泵(制冷)系统,以蒸气压差和温度差同时驱动的直接接触式传热传质代替闭式系统温差驱动的间接传热,实现系统与外界环境的热质交换。针对开式吸收式系统的研究目前主要为不同应用相关研究,在闭式吸收系统的基础上精简结构,优化性能。本文主要从工质对、构型、部件三个方面总结目前开式吸收式系统的研究进展。因开式吸收式系统常与环境发生物质交换,对其工质对的研究需要在蒸气压低、不易结晶等传统吸收式工质对需要的物性基础上,更强调腐蚀性低、环境友好等特性。广义的开式吸收式系统有D型、AD型、ADC型、EAD型、EADC型5种基本构型,本文总结了5种基本构型在直接蒸发冷却制冷、气体除湿加湿处理、热湿气体潜热回收、制冷制热、蒸馏提纯等不同应用领域的研究。与闭式吸收式系统相比,强化环境与系统的传热传质是开式吸收式系统的研究重点。对于直接接触式传热传质部件,填料塔仍然是绝热开式吸收器/发生器的主要形式,基于膜的非直接接触式吸收/发生换热器作为直接接触式换热器的替代部件,其传热传质系数相对于直接接触式换热器仍有待提高。

热泵型低温再生转轮除湿新风机组除湿性能试验研究

为了解决转轮除湿系统再生能耗较高的问题,利用热泵系统高效集热和热量转移的优势,将热泵系统的冷凝热用于转轮再生,搭建了热泵型低温再生转轮除湿新风机组测试平台,采用试验的方法测试机组的运行状态和除湿性能。结果表明:在除湿量满足要求的前提下,处理风量/再生风量值为1:1最为合适,此时,机组平均总除湿量达到10.4 g/kg,平均总除湿率达到0.62,转轮出口含湿量平均值为6.3 g/kg,除湿转轮的DCOP平均值为1.3,除湿转轮的能量利用率最高,而且除湿转轮承担了机组约58%的湿负荷,而蒸发器则承担约42%的湿负荷,除湿转轮的除湿性能得以充分发挥。研究结果对该系统的进一步研究及工程应用具有一定的参考价值。

食品库房类建筑中溶液调湿空调碳减排潜力应用研究

空调系统能耗是食品库房类建筑能耗的重要构成,为推动食品库房类建筑的低碳化发展,通过现场测试与模拟分析相结合的研究方法,对某巧克力成品库房的溶液调湿空调系统进行性能现状测试与优化潜力分析。研究结果表明,相比于常规的冷冻除湿系统,溶液系统在供冷季的碳减排率可达10.3%。由于小湿差大风量的空气处理特征,系统风机能耗高达近50%,仅考虑热湿处理过程冷热源能耗的优化原则无法实现系统整体性能最优,二次回风系统有助于实现系统性能最优,一次回风与二次回风风量的最优比值区间为0.4~1.5。

基于疏水微孔膜的溶液除湿型地冷空调研究

针对地冷空调室内空气常规除湿方法能耗较高、可能污染室内空气等问题,设计了基于疏水微孔膜的溶液除湿型地冷空调,利用疏水微孔膜把空气与除湿溶液隔开,利用制冷单元排出的余热实现除湿溶液再生,具有能耗低、对室内空气无污染、除湿溶液无损耗等特点;介绍了空调系统的总体流程,并以100m^(2)家庭住宅建筑为例,给出了系统中主要部件和材料的选型和设计参数;建立了系统的特性参数方程,以地板有效面积80m^(2)、室外空气35℃、相对湿度50%、室内空气28℃、相对湿度60%为背景,对系统运行特性进行了计算分析,得到了一组较佳的运行参数,可使系统制冷系数达4.4,室内空气除湿速率达0.153g/s(0.55kg/h),可较好地满足室内制冷和除湿的要求。

不同工质在溶液除湿真空再生系统中的性能对比

对一种溶液除湿真空再生系统进行了实验及模拟研究,实验对比了LiCl溶液及CaBr_(2)∶CaCl_(2)=1∶1(溶质的质量分数比)混合溶液的系统性能,发现两溶液的出口含湿量及COP较为接近,当驱动温度为62℃时,系统COP均为0.65左右。通过模拟研究发现,两种溶液的除湿能力十分接近,混合溶液的COP略高于LiCl溶液。驱动温度84℃时,采用混合溶液的出口含湿量为6.0 g/kg左右,系统COP为0.81左右。进口含湿量越高,系统COP将会越高,得益于混合溶液较小的比热容,其再生溶液的耗热量略低,因此其COP略高于LiCl溶液。在此类溶液除湿系统中,CaBr_(2)∶CaCl_(2)=1∶1混合溶液能较好地替代LiCl溶液,实现低成本,高性能。

溶液除湿系统全热回收装置的优化

提出基于溶液除湿系统中热质交换器数学模型的全热回收装置的理论研究。以笔者所在公司设计研发的3 000 m~3/h热泵热回收型溶液除湿试验装置为研究对象,对全热回收装置进行理论分析:确定全热回收装置结构为液封盒式单泵多级结构;用液封盒结构代替了原有的管路液封设计,理论计算结果,全热回收效率最高可提高24.2%。

Design of quaternary ammonium type-ionic liquids as desiccants for an air-conditioning system

The liquid desiccant air-conditioning system allows reducing energy consumption compared to the conventional compressor-type air conditioners.In order to develop desiccant materials for air conditioners,we have investigated the dehumidification capability of quaternary ammonium Ionic Liquids(ILs)and the equilibrium water vapor pressure of aqueous solutions of these ammonium salts.Among the seven tested types of ILs,2-hydroxyN,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium dimethylphosphate([Ch][DMPO4])displayed the best dehumidification capability and the lowest equilibrium water vapor pressure.Furthermore,the 80%aqueous solution of[Ch][DMPO4]exhibited a less corrosive effect on four types of metals,i.e.,steel(hot dip zinc-aluminum alloy plated steel),copper(C1100P),aluminum(A5052),and stainless steel(SUS:SUS304).It should be noted that this[Ch][DMPO4]is not only non-toxic but also exhibits a stable nature;the aqueous solution produced no odor after storing for over 1 year under ambient conditions.

湿度独立控制空调系统的工程实践

结合实际工程介绍了一个以溶液处理新风实现湿度独立控制的空调系统 ,对系统的运行情况进行了测试 ,根据测试结果提出了一种送风含湿量的控制策略。测试结果表明 ,在室外潮湿的情况下 ,溶液除湿机组提供的冷量约占所需冷量的 5 0 % ;在室外相对干燥的情况下 ,除湿机组提供的冷量约占所需冷量的 40 %。与传统电压缩制冷系统相比 ,当电热价比值为3时 ,湿度独立控制的空调系统可减少 2 0 %的运行费用。

溶液除湿/再生设备热质交换过程解析解法及其应用

溶液除湿空调系统中最重要的部件是除湿器和再生器。该文在已有热质交换模型基础上,对顺流和逆流两种情况,在一定简化条件下给出了解析解,得出了状态参数沿程分布情况,并与文献中提出的精确数学模型进行了校验。应用此解析解可为除湿器的设计计算和校核计算提供依据,确定绝热除湿过程最佳流量比以及为气液逆流热质交换提供了一种简化计算的方法。

液体除湿空调再生性能的实验研究

在对液体除湿和再生机理研究的基础上,建立了太阳能液体除湿空调系统,其中的再生器采用逆流式填料塔,塔体采用不锈钢材质,有效克服了除湿溶液对它们的腐蚀。本实验采用氯化钙作为除湿剂重点研究了再生过程,分析了各种进口参数对再生效果的影响。结果表明:空气流量和含湿量以及除湿溶液的流量和再生温度对再生过程的传热和传质有不同程度的影响。

溶液除湿冷却系统的再生性能实验研究

基于以氯化锂水溶液为除湿剂的除湿冷却系统(DECS),对其溶液的再生过程进行实验研究。研究了热源温度、溶液浓度对填料塔式再生系统再生性能的影响情况,实验表明溶液浓度在20%时,空气含湿量最大增量为37.1 g/kg干空气。计算出几种工况下的传质系数,最大的传质系数为0.0072 kg/(m2·s),并得出系统有关参数对传质系数的影响,为此类再生器的性能模拟与设计提供关键性的数据。

溶液除湿/再生过程中场均匀分布原则的探讨

通过分析溶液除湿、再生过程中传热作用与传质作用的相互影响关系,得出:传质驱动力(湿差)和全热换热驱动力(焓差)的变化规律并不一致。传质驱动力场分布越均匀,传质效果越优。除湿过程和以热溶液为热源的再生过程中,传质方向与全热换热方向相同,相同条件下逆流流型的传质效果最优、叉流次之、顺流最差。而以热空气为热源的再生过程中,传质方向与全热换热方向相反,相同条件下顺流流型的传质效果最优、逆流最差。

太阳能液体干燥剂除湿潜能储存热质传递过程研究

对液体干燥剂制冷和除湿能力贮存环节进行了分析，给出一种太阳能干燥剂再生转换装置传热传质数学模型．该储能方式没有因储能介质与周围环境存在温差产生的冷热损失，对ＣａＣｌ２和ＬｉＣｌ等典型液体干燥剂的分析表明，理想情况下，二者的储能密度可达１０００ ＭＪ／Ｍ３和 １４００ ＭＪ／ｍ３，远大于水和冰的蓄能密度，储能密度还受太阳辐射、面盖间距、环境条件等因素影响．

液体除湿研究与进展

介绍了液体除湿原理、除湿剂的选择、液体除湿器的工作原理和传质模型 。

顺流型溶液与空气热质交换性能

在顺流型平板降膜热质交换测试装置上对氯化锂水溶液与湿空气除湿、再生性能进行了实验研究,结合NTU-Le模型,着眼于湿空气与溶液耦合热质交换特性,获取了顺流条件下不同空气流量、溶液流量、溶液温度工况的耦合传热传质系数随运行参数的变化情况。研究结果为相关过程模型验证提供可靠数据,同时也为相关设备性能分析与计算提供重要基础数据。关键词:溶液除湿/再生;顺流;