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Solvent effects on Diels-Alder reaction in ionic liquids:A reaction density functional study
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作者 Zijiang Dou Weiqiang Tang +1 位作者 Peng Xie Shuangliang Zhao 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期180-188,共9页
Extensive experimental studies have been performed on the Diels-Alder(DA)reactions in ionic liquids(ILs),which demonstrate that the IL environment can significantly influence the reaction rates and selectivity.However... Extensive experimental studies have been performed on the Diels-Alder(DA)reactions in ionic liquids(ILs),which demonstrate that the IL environment can significantly influence the reaction rates and selectivity.However,the underlying microscopic mechanism remains ambiguous.In this work,the multiscale reaction density functional theory is applied to explore the effect of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([BMIM][PF_(6)])solvent on the reaction of cyclopentadiene(CP)with acrolein,methyl acrylate,or acrylonitrile.By analyzing the free energy landscape during the reaction,it is found that the polarization effect has a relatively small influence,while the solvation effect makes both the activation free energy and reaction free energy decrease.In addition,the rearrangement of local solvent structure shows that the cation spatial distribution responds more evidently to the reaction than the anion,and this indicates that the cation plays a dominant role in the solvation effect and so as to affect the reaction rates and selectivity of the DA reactions. 展开更多
关键词 Solvent effect Ionic liquids Diels-Alder reaction reaction density functional theory
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Thermal rectification induced by Wenzel–Cassie wetting state transition on nano-structured solid–liquid interfaces
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作者 李海洋 王军 夏国栋 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第5期520-526,共7页
Thermal rectification refers to the phenomenon by which the magnitude of the heat flux in one direction is much larger than that in the opposite direction.In this study,we propose to implement the thermal rectificatio... Thermal rectification refers to the phenomenon by which the magnitude of the heat flux in one direction is much larger than that in the opposite direction.In this study,we propose to implement the thermal rectification phenomenon in an asymmetric solid–liquid–solid sandwiched system with a nano-structured interface.By using the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations,the thermal transport through the solid–liquid–solid system is examined,and the thermal rectification phenomenon can be observed.It is revealed that the thermal rectification effect can be attributed to the significant difference in the interfacial thermal resistance between Cassie and Wenzel states when reversing the temperature bias.In addition,effects of the liquid density,solid–liquid bonding strength and nanostructure size on the thermal rectification are examined.The findings may provide a new way for designs of certain thermal devices. 展开更多
关键词 thermal rectification wetting transition interfacial thermal resistance solid–liquid interfaces
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Understanding fundamentals of electrochemical reactions with tender X-rays:A new lab-based operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy method for probing liquid/solid and gas/solid interfaces across a variety of electrochemical systems 被引量:1
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作者 Chiyan Liu Qiao Dong +5 位作者 Yong Han Yijing Zang Hui Zhang Xiaoming Xie Yi Yu Zhi Liu 《Chinese Journal of Catalysis》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第11期2858-2870,共13页
Electrocatalysis is key to improving energy efficiency,reducing carbon emissions,and providing a sustainable way of meeting global energy needs.Therefore,elucidating electrochemical reaction mechanisms at the electrol... Electrocatalysis is key to improving energy efficiency,reducing carbon emissions,and providing a sustainable way of meeting global energy needs.Therefore,elucidating electrochemical reaction mechanisms at the electrolyte/electrode interfaces is essential for developing advanced renewable energy technologies.However,the direct probing of real-time interfacial changes,i.e.,the surface intermediates,chemical environment,and electronic structure,under operating conditions is challenging and necessitates the use of in situ methods.Herein,we present a new lab-based instrument commissioned to perform in situ chemical analysis at liquid/solid interfaces using ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(APXPS).This setup takes advantage of a chromium source of tender X-rays and is designed to study liquid/solid interfaces by the“dip and pull”method.Each of the main components was carefully described,and the results of performance tests are presented.Using a three-electrode setup,the system can probe the intermediate species and potential shifts across the liquid electrolyte/solid electrode interface.In addition,we demonstrate how this system allows the study of interfacial changes at gas/solid interfaces using a case study:a sodium–oxygen model battery.However,the use of APXPS in electrochemical studies is still in the early stages,so we summarize the current challenges and some developmental frontiers.Despite the challenges,we expect that joint efforts to improve instruments and the electrochemical setup will enable us to obtain a better understanding of the composition–reactivity relationship at electrochemical interfaces under realistic reaction conditions. 展开更多
关键词 Tender X-rays Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ELECTROCATALYSIS liquid/solid interface Gas/solid interface
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Formation process of liquid in interface of Ti/Cu contact reaction couple 被引量:1
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作者 吴铭方 余春 +1 位作者 于治水 李瑞峰 《中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版》 CSCD 2005年第1期125-129,共5页
By using the Ti/Cu contact reaction couples, the dissolution behavior of Ti and Cu in the eutectic reaction process was investigated under different conditions. The results show that the formation of eutectic liquid p... By using the Ti/Cu contact reaction couples, the dissolution behavior of Ti and Cu in the eutectic reaction process was investigated under different conditions. The results show that the formation of eutectic liquid phase has a directional property, i.e. the eutectic liquid phase forms first at the Cu side and then spreads along the depth direction of Cu. The width of the eutectic liquid zone when Ti is placed on Cu is wider than that when Ti is placed under Cu. The shape of the upside liquid zone is wave-like. This phenomenon indicates that the formation process and spreading behavior in the upside are different from those in the underside, and there exists void effect in the Cu side of underside liquid zone, this will result in the delaying phenomenon of the contact reaction between Ti and Cu, and distinctly different shapes of the both liquid zones. The formation process of Ti/Cu eutectic liquid zone is similar to that of the traditional solid-state diffusion layer, and the relationship between the width of liquid zone and holding time obeys a square root law. 展开更多
关键词 接触反应 液体区域宽度 溶解性质 共晶体
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Ionic liquid derived electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting 被引量:1
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作者 Tianhao Li Weihua Hu 《Green Energy & Environment》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期604-622,共19页
Hydrogen production from electrochemical water splitting is a promising strategy to generate green energy,which requires the development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction and... Hydrogen production from electrochemical water splitting is a promising strategy to generate green energy,which requires the development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction(HER and OER).Ionic liquids(ILs)or poly(ionic liquids)(PILs),containing heteroatoms,metal-based anions,and various structures,have been frequently involved as precursors to prepare electrocatalysts for water splitting.Moreover,ILs/PILs possess high conductivity,wide electrochemical windows,and high thermal and chemical stability,which can be directly applied in the electrocatalysis process with high durability.In this review,we focus on the studies of ILs/PILs-derived electrocatalysts for HER and OER,where ILs/PILs are applied as heteroatom dopants and metal precursors to prepare catalysts or are directly utilized as the electrocatalysts.Due to those attractive properties,IL/PIL-derived electrocatalysts exhibit excellent performance for electrochemical water splitting.All these accomplishments and developments are systematically summarized and thoughtfully discussed.Then,the overall perspectives for the current challenges and future developments of ILs/PILs-derived electrocatalysts are provided. 展开更多
关键词 Ionic liquid Electrochemical water splitting Hydrogen evolution reaction Oxygen evolution reaction
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Ionic liquid-assisted preparation of hydroxyapatite and its catalytic performance for decarboxylation of itaconic acid
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作者 Shutong Pang Hualiang An +1 位作者 Xinqiang Zhao Yanji Wang 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期9-15,共7页
The synthesis of methacrylic acid from biomass-derived itaconic acid is a green route,for it can get rid of the dependence on fossil resource.In order to solve the problems on this route such as use of a preciousmetal... The synthesis of methacrylic acid from biomass-derived itaconic acid is a green route,for it can get rid of the dependence on fossil resource.In order to solve the problems on this route such as use of a preciousmetal catalyst and a corrosive homogeneous alkali,we prepared a series of hydroxyapatite catalysts by an ionic liquid-assisted hydrothermal method and evaluated their catalytic performance.The results showed that the ionic liquid[Bmim]BF_(4) can affect the crystal growth of hydroxyapatite,provide fluoride ion for fluorination of hydroxyapatite,and adjust the surface acidity and basicity,morphology,textural properties,crystallinity,and composition of hydroxyapatite.The[Bmim]BF4 dosage and hydrothermal temperature can affect the fluoride ion concentration in the hydrothermal system,thus changing the degree of fluoridation of hydroxyapatite.High fluoride-ion concentration can lead to the formation of CaF_(2) and thus significantly decrease the catalytic performance of hydroxyapatite.The hydrothermal time mainly affects the growth of hydroxyapatite crystals on the c axis,leading to different catalytic performance.The suitable conditions for the preparation of this fluoridized hydroxyapatite are as follows:a mass ratio of[Bmim]BF4 to calcium salt=0.2:1,a hydrothermal time of 12 h,and a hydrothermal temperature of 130℃.A maximal methacrylic acid yield of 54.7%was obtained using the fluoridized hydroxyapatite under relatively mild reaction conditions(250℃ and 2 MPa of N_(2))in the absence of a precious-metal catalyst and a corrosive homogeneous alkali. 展开更多
关键词 Ionic liquid HYDROXYAPATITE Itaconic acid Methacrylic Decarboxylation reaction
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Liquid metal as an efficient protective layer for lithium metal anodes in all-solid-state batteries
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作者 Shiqiang Zhou Mengrui Li +7 位作者 Peike Wang Lukuan Cheng Lina Chen Yan Huang Boxuan Cao Suzhu Yu Qingju Liu Jun Wei 《Carbon Energy》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期219-229,共11页
Lithium metal batteries with inorganic solid-state electrolytes have emerged as strong and attractive candidates for electrochemical energy storage devices because of their high-energy content and safety.Nonetheless,i... Lithium metal batteries with inorganic solid-state electrolytes have emerged as strong and attractive candidates for electrochemical energy storage devices because of their high-energy content and safety.Nonetheless,inherent challenges of deleterious lithium dendrite growth and poor interfacial stability hinder their commercial application.Herein,we report a liquid metal-coated lithium metal(LM@Li)anode strategy to improve the contact between lithium metal and a Li6PS5Cl inorganic electrolyte.The LM@Li symmetric cell shows over 1000 h of stable lithium plating/stripping cycles at 2mA cm^(-2) and a significantly higher critical current density of 9.8 mAcm^(-2) at 25°C.In addition,a full battery assembled with a high-capacity composite LiNbO3@-LiNi_(0.7)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(LNO@NCM721)cathode shows stable cycling performance.Experimental and computational results have demonstrated that dendrite growth tolerance and physical contact in solid-state batteries can be reinforced by using LM interlayers for interfacial modification. 展开更多
关键词 all-solid-state batteries interface engineering liquid metals lithium metal anodes
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Tuning the cross-linked structure of basic poly(ionic liquid)to develop an efficient catalyst for the conversion of vinyl carbonate to dimethyl carbonate
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作者 Zhaoyang Qi Shiquan Zhong +4 位作者 Huiyun Su Changshen Ye Limei Ren Ting Qiu Jie Chen 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期106-116,共11页
Dimethyl carbonate(DMC)is a crucial chemical raw material widely used in organic synthesis,lithiumion battery electrolytes,and various other fields.The current primary industrial process employs a conventional sodium ... Dimethyl carbonate(DMC)is a crucial chemical raw material widely used in organic synthesis,lithiumion battery electrolytes,and various other fields.The current primary industrial process employs a conventional sodium methoxide basic catalyst to produce DMC through the transesterification reaction between vinyl carbonate and methanol.However,the utilization of this catalyst presents several challenges during the process,including equipment corrosion,the generation of solid waste,susceptibility to deactivation,and complexities in separation and recovery.To address these limitations,a series of alkaline poly(ionic liquid)s,i.e.[DVBPIL][PHO],[DVCPIL][PHO],and[TBVPIL][PHO],with different crosslinking degrees and structures,were synthesized through the construction of cross-linked polymeric monomers and functionalization.These poly(ionic liquid)s exhibit cross-linked structures and controllable cationic and anionic characteristics.Research was conducted to investigate the effect of the cross-linking degree and structure on the catalytic performance of transesterification in synthesizing DMC.It was discovered that the appropriate cross-linking degree and structure of the[DVCPIL][PHO]catalyst resulted in a DMC yield of up to 80.6%.Furthermore,this catalyst material exhibited good stability,maintaining its catalytic activity after repeated use five times without significant changes.The results of this study demonstrate the potential for using alkaline poly(ionic liquid)s as a highly efficient and sustainable alternative to traditional catalysts for the transesterification synthesis of DMC. 展开更多
关键词 Poly(ionic liquid) Cross-linking degree Dimethyl carbonate production Transesterification reaction Mechanism
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Self-separation ionic liquid catalyst for the highly effective conversion of H_(2)S by α,β-unsaturated carboxylate esters under mild conditions
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作者 Wenjie Xiong Xiaomin Zhang +1 位作者 Xingbang Hu Youting Wu 《Green Energy & Environment》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期1440-1448,共9页
The deep-processing utility of pure hydrogen sulfide (H_(2)S) is a significant direction in natural gas chemical industry.Herein,a brand-new strategy of H_(2)S conversion by a,β-unsaturated carboxylate esters into th... The deep-processing utility of pure hydrogen sulfide (H_(2)S) is a significant direction in natural gas chemical industry.Herein,a brand-new strategy of H_(2)S conversion by a,β-unsaturated carboxylate esters into thiols or thioethers using task-specific carboxylate ionic liquids (ILs) as catalyst has been developed,firstly accomplishing the phase separation of product and catalyst without introducing the third component.It can be considered as a cascade reaction in which the product selectivity can be controlled by adjusting the molar ratio of H_(2)S to a,β-unsaturated carboxylate esters.Also,the effects of ILs with different anions and cations,intermittent feeding operations,as well as pressure-time kinetic behaviors on cascade reaction were investigated.Furthermore,the proposed interaction mechanism of H_(2)S conversion using butyl acrylate catalyzed by[Emim][Ac]was revealed by DFT-based theoretical calculation.The approach enables the self-phase separation promotion of catalyst and product and achieves 99%quantitative conversion under mild conditions in the absence of solvent,making the entire process ecologically benign.High-efficiency reaction activity can still be maintained after ten cycles of the catalyst.Therefore,the good results,combined with its simplicity of operation and the high recyclability of the catalyst,make this green method environmentally friendly and cost-effective.It is anticipated that this self-separation method mediated by task-specific ILs will provide a feasible strategy for H_(2)S utilization,which will guide its application on an industrial scale. 展开更多
关键词 Ionic liquid Cascade reaction Self-separation H_(2)S conversion Catalysis
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Evolution of bonding interface in solid-liquid cast-rolling bonding of Cu/Al clad strip 被引量:11
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作者 Hua-gui HUANG Yi-kang DONG +1 位作者 Meng YAN Feng-shan DU 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第5期1019-1025,共7页
Cu/Al clad strips are prepared using solid?liquid cast-rolling bonding(SLCRB)technique with a d160mm×150mm twin-roll experimental caster.The extent of interfacial reactions,composition of the reaction products,an... Cu/Al clad strips are prepared using solid?liquid cast-rolling bonding(SLCRB)technique with a d160mm×150mm twin-roll experimental caster.The extent of interfacial reactions,composition of the reaction products,and their micro-morphology evolution in the SLCRB process are investigated with scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).In the casting pool,initial aluminized coating is first generated on the copper strip surface,with the diffusion layer mainly consisting ofα(Al)+CuAl2and growing at high temperatures,with the maximum thickness of10μm.After sequent rolling below the kiss point,the diffusion layer is broken by severe elongation,which leads to an additional crack bond process with a fresh interface of virgin base metal.The average thickness is reduced from10to5μm.The reaction products,CuAl2,CuAl,and Cu9Al4,are dispersed along the rolling direction.Peeling and bending test results indicate that the fracture occurs in the aluminum substrate,and the morphology is a dimple pattern.No crack or separation is found at the bonding interface after90°-180°bending.The presented method provides an economical way to fabricate Cu/Al clad strip directly. 展开更多
关键词 Cu/Al clad strip solid.liquid cast-rolling bonding bonding interface reaction diffusion peeling test
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Effect of Si content on interfacial reaction and properties between solid steel and liquid aluminum 被引量:5
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作者 Tian-peng ZOU Gao-yang YU +5 位作者 Shu-hai CHEN Ji-hua HUANG Jian YANG Zhi-yi ZHAO Ji-ping RONG Jin YANG 《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第9期2570-2584,共15页
The effect of Si content on the microstructures and growth kinetics of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)formed during the initial interfacial reaction(<10 s)between solid steel and liquid aluminum was investigated by a... The effect of Si content on the microstructures and growth kinetics of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)formed during the initial interfacial reaction(<10 s)between solid steel and liquid aluminum was investigated by a thermophysical simulation method.The influence of Si addition on interfacial mechanical properties was revealed by a high-frequency induction brazing.The results showed that IMCs layers mainly consisted ofη-Fe_(2)Al_(5)andθ-Fe_(4)Al_(13).The addition of Si reduced the thickness of the IMCs layer.The growth of theηphase was governed by the diffusion process when adding 2 wt.%Si to the aluminum melt.When 5 wt.%or 8 wt.%Si was added to aluminum,the growth was governed by both the diffusion process and interfacial reaction,and ternary phaseτ1/τ9-(Al,Si)_(5)Fe_(3)was formed in theηphase.The apparent activation energies of theηphase decreased gradually with increasing Si content.The joint with pure aluminum metal had the highest tensile strength and impact energy. 展开更多
关键词 intermetallic compounds Si content solid steel liquid aluminum interfacial reaction mechanical properties
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Insight into the behavior at the hygroscopicity and interface of the hydrophobic imidazolium-based ionic liquids 被引量:3
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作者 Guohui Zhou Kun Jiang +1 位作者 Zhenlei Wang Xiaomin Liu 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第3期42-55,共14页
How to completely remove the water from ionic liquids(ILs)is difficult for researchers because of the hygroscopicity of ILs.In order to study the hygroscopicity of ILs,two kinds of ILs,1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexa... How to completely remove the water from ionic liquids(ILs)is difficult for researchers because of the hygroscopicity of ILs.In order to study the hygroscopicity of ILs,two kinds of ILs,1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([Bmim][PF6])and 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)([Bmim][NTf_(2)])were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations.Although[Bmim][PF6]and[Bmim][NTf_(2)]are hydrophobic,both of the ILs could absorb water molecules from the vapor.In this work,the process of absorbing water from the vapor phase was studied,and the water molecules could disperse into the IL.Aggregation was observed with increasing the water concentration.Although the absorbed water increases obviously,the amount of free water and small cluster in the ILs does not change significantly and always stays at a certain level.The amount of free water and small cluster in[Bmim][PF6]is more than that in[Bmim][NTf_(2)],which is consistent with their hydrophobicity.In addition,the liquid-vacuum and liquid–liquid interfaces of the ILs were simulated and analyzed in detail.The number density distribution and angle distribution indicated that[Bmim]+cations arrangement regularly at the IL-vacuum interface.The butyl chain point to the vacuum,while the imidazlium ring is close to the IL phase region and perpendicular to the interface.While at the IL-water interface,the cations and anions are disordered. 展开更多
关键词 Ionic liquid Molecular simulation interface HYGROSCOPICITY Cluster
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Passivating buried interface with multifunctional novel ionic liquid containing simultaneously fluorinated anion and cation yielding stable perovskite solar cells over 23% efficiency 被引量:3
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作者 Deyu Gao Liqun Yang +8 位作者 Xiaohui Ma Xueni Shang Chen Wang Mengjia Li Xinmeng Zhuang Boxue Zhang Hongwei Song Jiangzhao Chen Cong Chen 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第6期659-666,I0018,共9页
Interfacial defects and energy barrier would result in serious interfacial non-radiative recombination losses.In addition,the quality of perovskite films is highly dependent on deposition substrates.Consequently,there... Interfacial defects and energy barrier would result in serious interfacial non-radiative recombination losses.In addition,the quality of perovskite films is highly dependent on deposition substrates.Consequently,there is an urgent desire to develop multifunctional interface modulators to manage the interface between electron transport layer and perovskite layer.Here,we report a multifunctional buried interface modulation strategy that 4-fluoro-phenylammonium tetrafluoroborate (FBABF_(4)) consisting of simultaneously fluorinated anion and cation is inserted between SnO_(2)layer and perovskite layer.It is uncovered by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy that the anion and cation in modifier are mainly located at this interface,which is put down to coordination bond of the fluorine atom on BF_(4)^(-) with SnO_(2),and the hydrogen bond of the fluorine atom on FBA^(+) with formamidinium.This suggests that simultaneous fluorination of anion and cation in the ionic liquid molecule is of crucial importance to ameliorate interfacial contact through chemical linker.The interface modification approach enables the realization of interfacial defect passivation,interfacial energy band alignment modulation,and perovskite crystallization manipulation,which are translated into enhanced efficiency and stability as well as significantly suppressed hysteresis.The multiple functions of FBABF_(4) endow the modified solar cells excellent photovoltaic performance with an efficiency exceeding 23%along with appealing long-term stability.This work highlights the critical role of fluorination strategy in engineering multifunctional organic salt modulators for improving interfacial contact. 展开更多
关键词 Perovskite solar cells interface engineering Buried interface Ionic liquid MULTIFUNCTIONAL
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Microstructure and Solid/Liquid Interface Evolutions of Directionally Solidified Fe-Al-Ta Eutectic Alloy 被引量:1
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作者 CUI Chunjuan WANG Songyuan +4 位作者 YANG Meng SU Haijun WEN Yagang WANG Pei REN Chiqiang 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2019年第3期656-661,共6页
A modified Bridgman directional solidification technique was used to prepare Fe-Al-Ta eutectic in situ composites at different growth rates ranging from 6 to 80 μm/s. The directionally solidified FeAl-Ta eutectic com... A modified Bridgman directional solidification technique was used to prepare Fe-Al-Ta eutectic in situ composites at different growth rates ranging from 6 to 80 μm/s. The directionally solidified FeAl-Ta eutectic composites are composed of two phases: Fe(Al,Ta) matrix phase, and Fe2 Ta(Al) Laves phase. Solidification microstructure is affected by solidification rate. Microstructure of the Fe-Al-Ta eutectic alloy grown at 6.0 μm/s is broken-lamellar eutectic. Eutectic colonies are formed with the increase of the solidification rate. Microstructures are mainly composed of the lamellar or fibrous eutectic at the center of the colony and coarse lamellar eutectic zone at the boundary. Meanwhile, the inter-lamellar spacing(or the inter-rod spacing) is decreased. The spacing adjustments are also observed in Fe-Al-Ta eutectic alloy. The solid/liquid interface evolves from planar interface to shallow cellular interface, then to deep cellular, and finally to shallow cellular planar with the increase of the solidification rate. 展开更多
关键词 directional SOLIDIFICATION SOLIDIFICATION rate EUTECTIC alloy solid/liquid interface
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Effect of SDBS on interfacial electron transfer at the liquid/liquid interface by thin layer method 被引量:1
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作者 Xiu Hui Liu Cun Wu Dong Kai Zhang Fu Peng Zhi Zhen Ding Xiao Quan Lu 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第9期1115-1118,共4页
The effect of an adsorbed anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) on electron transfer (ET) reaction between ferricyanide aqueous solution and decamethylferrocene (DMFc) located on the adjacen... The effect of an adsorbed anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) on electron transfer (ET) reaction between ferricyanide aqueous solution and decamethylferrocene (DMFc) located on the adjacent organic phase was investigated for the first time by thin layer method. The adsorption of SDBS at the interface resulted in a decay in the cathodic plateau current of bimolecular reaction with increasing concentrations of SDBS in aqueous phase. However, the rate constant of electron transfer (ket) increased monotonically as the SDBS concentrations increased from 0 to 200 p, moFL. The experimental results showed that SDBS formed patches on the interface and influenced the structure of electrical double layer. 2009 Xiao Quan Lu. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved. 展开更多
关键词 Anionic surfactant liquid/liquid interface Electron transfer Thin layer method
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Voltammetric Studies on Heteropoly Phosphotungstovanadate Anions Across the Liquid/Liquid Interface 被引量:1
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作者 LU Xiao quan 《Chemical Research in Chinese Universities》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第3期290-293,共4页
Electrochemical transfer behavior of V ⅤW 11 -V Ⅴ 3W 9 heteropoly anions on the water/nitrobenzene interface was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. The effect of the solution acidity on the transfe... Electrochemical transfer behavior of V ⅤW 11 -V Ⅴ 3W 9 heteropoly anions on the water/nitrobenzene interface was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. The effect of the solution acidity on the transfer behavior and the stable pH range for the heteropoly anions were studied. The stability of mixed tungstovanadate decreases with increasing the number of vanadium atoms. The main transfer species within the potential window have the negative charges of 4 and the transfer process is diffusion controlled. The apparent transfer potential Δ w o Ψ 0 and the free energy Δ G 0 w→o tr for the heteropoly anions can be obtained from the experimental data. For the different anions, the Δ w o Ψ 1/2 pH relationship can be expressed as: Δ w o Ψ 1/2 =constant-53pH. 展开更多
关键词 Heteropoly phosphotungstovanadate anion VOLTAMMETRY liquid/liquid interface
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An APXPS endstation for gas–solid and liquid–solid interface studies at SSRF 被引量:4
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作者 Jun Cai Qiao Dong +7 位作者 Yong Han Bao-Hua Mao Hui Zhang Patrik G.Karlsson John ?hlund Ren-Zhong Tai Yi Yu Zhi Liu 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第5期103-112,共10页
In the past few decades, various surface analysis techniques find wide applications in studies of interfacial phenomena ranging from fundamental surface science,catalysis, environmental science and energy materials.Wi... In the past few decades, various surface analysis techniques find wide applications in studies of interfacial phenomena ranging from fundamental surface science,catalysis, environmental science and energy materials.With the help of bright synchrotron sources, many of these techniques have been further advanced into novel in-situ/operando tools at synchrotron user facilities, providing molecular level understanding of chemical/electrochemical processes in-situ at gas–solid and liquid–solid interfaces.Designing a proper endstation for a dedicated beamline is one of the challenges in utilizing these techniques efficiently for a variety of user's requests. Many factors,including pressure differential, geometry and energy of the photon source, sample and analyzer, need to be optimized for the system of interest. In this paper, we discuss the design and performance of a new endstation at beamline02 B at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility for ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies.This system, equipped with the newly developed hightransmission HiPP-3 analyzer, is demonstrated to be capable of efficiently collecting photoelectrons up to 1500 eV from ultrahigh vacuum to ambient pressure of 20 mbar.The spectromicroscopy mode of HiPP-3 analyzer also enables detection of photoelectron spatial distribution with resolution of 2.8 ± 0.3 lm in one dimension. In addition,the designing strategies of systems that allow investigations in phenomena at gas–solid interface and liquid–solid interface will be highlighted through our discussion. 展开更多
关键词 AMBIENT pressure XPS SYNCHROTRON liquid- SOLID interface SPECTROMICROSCOPY
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Measurement of Liquid Concentration Fields Near Interface with Cocurrent Gas-Liquid Flow Absorption Using Holographic Interferometry 被引量:5
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作者 郭莹 袁希钢 +1 位作者 曾爱武 余国琮 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第6期747-753,共7页
Real-time laser holographic interferometry was applied to measure liquid concentrations of CO2 in the vicinity of gas-liquid free interface under the conditions of cocurrent gas-liquid flow for absorption of CO2 by et... Real-time laser holographic interferometry was applied to measure liquid concentrations of CO2 in the vicinity of gas-liquid free interface under the conditions of cocurrent gas-liquid flow for absorption of CO2 by ethanol. The influences of the Reynolds number on the measurable interface concentration and on the film thickness were discussed. The results show that CO2 concentration decreases exponentially along the mass transfer direction,and the concentration gradient increases as Reynolds number of either liquid or gas increases. CO2 concentrations fluctuate slightly along the direction of flow; on the whole, there is an increase in CO2 concentration. The investigation also demonstrated that film thickness decreases with the increase of Reynolds number of either of the two phases. Sherwood number representing the mass transfer coefficient was finally correlated as a function of the hydrodynamic parameters and the physical properties. 展开更多
关键词 cocurrent GAS-liquid flow absorption concentration field NEAR interface HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY
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Orientation and Structure of Ionic Liquid Cation at Air/[bmim][BF4] Aqueous Solution Interface 被引量:1
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作者 Gang-hua Deng Xia Li +3 位作者 You-qi Guo Shi-lin Liu Zhou Lu Yuan Guo 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第5期569-575,I0004,共8页
The watermiscible room temperature ionic liquid 1butyl3methylimidazolium tetrafluorob orate ([bmim] [BF4]) is a model system for studying the interactions between ionic liquid and water molecules. In this work the o... The watermiscible room temperature ionic liquid 1butyl3methylimidazolium tetrafluorob orate ([bmim] [BF4]) is a model system for studying the interactions between ionic liquid and water molecules. In this work the orientational structure of the low concentrated aqueous solution of [bmim] [BF4] at the air/liquid interface was investigated by sum frequency gener ation vibrational spectroscopy. It has been found that at very low concentrations, the butyl chain exhibited a significant gauche defect, indicating a disordered conformation; and the cation ring oriented with a fairly small tilting angle at the surface. When the concentration increased, the cation ring tended to lie flat at the surface, and the gauche defects of the butyl chain decreased due to the intermolecular chainchain interactions and the consequent more ordered interfacial molecular arrangement. Additionally, the antisymmetric stretching mode in the PPP and SPS spectra exhibited a peak shift, showing that there exists more than one kind of orientation or chemical environment for the butyl CH3 group. These results may shed new light on understanding the surface behavior of watermiscible ionic liquids as well as the imidazolium based surfactants. 展开更多
关键词 Sum frequency generation vibratinal spectroscopy Ionic liquid Aqueous solu-tion interface ORIENTATION
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Mathematical Modelling of Particle Movement Ahead of the Solid-liquid Interface in Continuous Casting 被引量:4
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作者 HongLEI YongliJIN +1 位作者 MiaoyongZHU JichengHE 《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2002年第5期403-406,共4页
Whether the particle will be trapped by the solid-liquid interface or not is dependent on its moving behavior ahead of the interface, so a mathematical model has been developed to investigate the movement of the parti... Whether the particle will be trapped by the solid-liquid interface or not is dependent on its moving behavior ahead of the interface, so a mathematical model has been developed to investigate the movement of the particle ahead of the solid-liquid interface. Based on the theory for the boundary layer, the fluid velocity field near the solid-liquid interface was obtained, and the trajectories of particles were calculated by the equations of motion for particles. In this model, the drag force, the added mass force, the buoyance force, the gravitational force, the Saffman force and the Basset history force are considered. The results show that the behavior of the particle ahead of the solid-liquid interface is affected by the physical property of the particle and fluid flow. And in the continuous casting process, if it moves in the stream directed upward or downward near vertical solid-liquid interface or in the horizontal flow under the solid-liquid interface, the particle with the diameter from 5 um to 60um can reach the solid-liquid interface. But if it moves in horizontal flow above the solid-liquid interface, only the particle with the diameter from 5 um to 10 um can reach the solid-liquid interface. 展开更多
关键词 Continuous casting. Particle Fluid flow Solid-liquid interface Mathematical model
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