Recently,MnO2 has gained attention as an electrode material because of its very high theoretical capacity and abundant availability.However,the very high volumetric change caused by its conversion-type reaction result...Recently,MnO2 has gained attention as an electrode material because of its very high theoretical capacity and abundant availability.However,the very high volumetric change caused by its conversion-type reaction results in bad reversibility of charge-discharge.In this study,δ-MnO2 of thickness 8 nm anchored on the surface of carbon nanotubes(CNT)by Mn-O-C chemical bonding is synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method.Numerous ex-situ characterizations of the lithium storage process were performed.Furthermore,density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicated thatδ-MnO2(012)thermodynamically prefers bonding with CNTs.Moreover,the interfacial interaction reinforces the connection of Mn-O and reduces the bond strength of Li-O in lithiated MnO2,which could facilitate an intercalation-type lithium storage reaction.Consequently,the as-synthesizedδ-MnO2 retains an excellent reversible capacity of 577.5 mAh g-1 in 1000 cycles at a high rate of 2 A g-1 between 0.1 V and 3.0 V.The results of this study demonstrate the possibility of employing the cost-effective transition metal oxides as intercalation lithium storage dominant electrodes for advanced rechargeable batteries.展开更多
SnO_(2) is considered to be a promising candidate as anode material for lithium ion batteries,due to its high theoretical specific capacity(1494 mAh·g^(-1)).Nevertheless,SnO_(2)-based anodes suffer from poor elec...SnO_(2) is considered to be a promising candidate as anode material for lithium ion batteries,due to its high theoretical specific capacity(1494 mAh·g^(-1)).Nevertheless,SnO_(2)-based anodes suffer from poor electronic conductivity and serious volume variation(300%)during lithiation/delithiation process,leading to fast capacity fading.To solve these problems,SnO_(2) quantum dots modified N-doped carbon spheres(SnO_(2) QDs@N-C)are fabricated by facile hydrolysis process of SnCl2,accompanied with the polymerization of polypyrrole(PPy),followed by a calcination method.When used as anodes for lithium ion batteries,SnO_(2) QDs@N-C exhibits high discharge capacity,superior rate properties as well as good cyclability.The carbon matrix completely encapsulates the SnO_(2) quantum dots,preventing the aggregation and volume change during cycling.Furthermore,the high N content produces abundant defects in carbon matrix.It is worth noting that SnO_(2) QDs@N-C shows excellent capacitive contribution properties,which may be due to the ultra-small size of SnO_(2) and high conductivity of the carbon matrix.展开更多
The inherently low electrical conductivity of TiO2-based electrodes as well as the high electrical resistance between an electrode and a current collector represents a major obstacle to their use as an anode for lithi...The inherently low electrical conductivity of TiO2-based electrodes as well as the high electrical resistance between an electrode and a current collector represents a major obstacle to their use as an anode for lithium ion batteries. In this study, we report on high-density TiO2 nanotubes （NTs） branched onto a carbon nanofiber （CNF） ＂tree＂ that provide a low resistance current path between the current collector and the TiO2 NTs. Compared to a TiO2 NT array grown directly on the current collector, the branched TiO2 NTs tree, coupled with the CNF electrode, exhibited -10 times higher areal energy density and excellent rate capability （discharge capacity of -150 mA.h.g-1 at a current density of 1,000 mA·g-1）. Based on the detailed experimental results and associated theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that the introduction of CNFs with direct electric contact with the current collector enables a significant increase in areal capacity （mA·h·cm-2） as well as excellent rate capability.展开更多
采用水热合成法制备了二氧化锰/二氧化钛/介孔碳复合材料,利用该复合材料制备了空气电极。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了复合材料的物相,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了复合材料的表面形貌,采用循环伏安法研究了空气电极的电化学性能。结果...采用水热合成法制备了二氧化锰/二氧化钛/介孔碳复合材料,利用该复合材料制备了空气电极。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了复合材料的物相,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了复合材料的表面形貌,采用循环伏安法研究了空气电极的电化学性能。结果表明:在160℃条件下制备的复合材料结晶度更高,循环伏安测试表明空气电极可逆性较好。利用复合材料组装了锂空气电池,对其进行充放电测试,发现锂空气电池首次放电容量最高可达1 331 m Ah/g。展开更多
针对锂硫电池中单质硫导电性差和中间产物多硫化锂易溶解于电解液的问题,本文以多壁碳纳米管为导电骨架负载硫,再在其表面包覆一层MnO_2,制备了高性能MnO_2@MWCNT-S的复合材料。多壁碳纳米管可以提供电子导电路径,提高电极材料的导电性...针对锂硫电池中单质硫导电性差和中间产物多硫化锂易溶解于电解液的问题,本文以多壁碳纳米管为导电骨架负载硫,再在其表面包覆一层MnO_2,制备了高性能MnO_2@MWCNT-S的复合材料。多壁碳纳米管可以提供电子导电路径,提高电极材料的导电性能,而表面的MnO_2对多硫化物有很强的化学吸附作用,可以抑制多硫化物的溶解,从而提高活性材料利用率。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征,发现硫均匀负载在碳纳米管上,它们的表面包覆有一层MnO_2。经热重分析(TGA)测试,MnO_2@MWCNT-S复合材料中硫的含量为58.4%。电化学测试结果表明,MnO_2显著提高了电极材料的首次充放电比容量,并能有效地延缓多硫化物的溶解。MnO_2@MWCNT-S复合材料在0.1 C倍率下,首次充放电比容量达到1148.98 m A·h/g,100次充放电后容量依然保持在560.04 m A·h/g。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFB0104302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51872026)。
文摘Recently,MnO2 has gained attention as an electrode material because of its very high theoretical capacity and abundant availability.However,the very high volumetric change caused by its conversion-type reaction results in bad reversibility of charge-discharge.In this study,δ-MnO2 of thickness 8 nm anchored on the surface of carbon nanotubes(CNT)by Mn-O-C chemical bonding is synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method.Numerous ex-situ characterizations of the lithium storage process were performed.Furthermore,density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicated thatδ-MnO2(012)thermodynamically prefers bonding with CNTs.Moreover,the interfacial interaction reinforces the connection of Mn-O and reduces the bond strength of Li-O in lithiated MnO2,which could facilitate an intercalation-type lithium storage reaction.Consequently,the as-synthesizedδ-MnO2 retains an excellent reversible capacity of 577.5 mAh g-1 in 1000 cycles at a high rate of 2 A g-1 between 0.1 V and 3.0 V.The results of this study demonstrate the possibility of employing the cost-effective transition metal oxides as intercalation lithium storage dominant electrodes for advanced rechargeable batteries.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51702138 and 21817056)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK20160213 and BK20170239)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX202358)。
文摘SnO_(2) is considered to be a promising candidate as anode material for lithium ion batteries,due to its high theoretical specific capacity(1494 mAh·g^(-1)).Nevertheless,SnO_(2)-based anodes suffer from poor electronic conductivity and serious volume variation(300%)during lithiation/delithiation process,leading to fast capacity fading.To solve these problems,SnO_(2) quantum dots modified N-doped carbon spheres(SnO_(2) QDs@N-C)are fabricated by facile hydrolysis process of SnCl2,accompanied with the polymerization of polypyrrole(PPy),followed by a calcination method.When used as anodes for lithium ion batteries,SnO_(2) QDs@N-C exhibits high discharge capacity,superior rate properties as well as good cyclability.The carbon matrix completely encapsulates the SnO_(2) quantum dots,preventing the aggregation and volume change during cycling.Furthermore,the high N content produces abundant defects in carbon matrix.It is worth noting that SnO_(2) QDs@N-C shows excellent capacitive contribution properties,which may be due to the ultra-small size of SnO_(2) and high conductivity of the carbon matrix.
文摘The inherently low electrical conductivity of TiO2-based electrodes as well as the high electrical resistance between an electrode and a current collector represents a major obstacle to their use as an anode for lithium ion batteries. In this study, we report on high-density TiO2 nanotubes （NTs） branched onto a carbon nanofiber （CNF） ＂tree＂ that provide a low resistance current path between the current collector and the TiO2 NTs. Compared to a TiO2 NT array grown directly on the current collector, the branched TiO2 NTs tree, coupled with the CNF electrode, exhibited -10 times higher areal energy density and excellent rate capability （discharge capacity of -150 mA.h.g-1 at a current density of 1,000 mA·g-1）. Based on the detailed experimental results and associated theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that the introduction of CNFs with direct electric contact with the current collector enables a significant increase in areal capacity （mA·h·cm-2） as well as excellent rate capability.
文摘采用水热合成法制备了二氧化锰/二氧化钛/介孔碳复合材料,利用该复合材料制备了空气电极。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了复合材料的物相,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了复合材料的表面形貌,采用循环伏安法研究了空气电极的电化学性能。结果表明:在160℃条件下制备的复合材料结晶度更高,循环伏安测试表明空气电极可逆性较好。利用复合材料组装了锂空气电池,对其进行充放电测试,发现锂空气电池首次放电容量最高可达1 331 m Ah/g。
文摘针对锂硫电池中单质硫导电性差和中间产物多硫化锂易溶解于电解液的问题,本文以多壁碳纳米管为导电骨架负载硫,再在其表面包覆一层MnO_2,制备了高性能MnO_2@MWCNT-S的复合材料。多壁碳纳米管可以提供电子导电路径,提高电极材料的导电性能,而表面的MnO_2对多硫化物有很强的化学吸附作用,可以抑制多硫化物的溶解,从而提高活性材料利用率。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征,发现硫均匀负载在碳纳米管上,它们的表面包覆有一层MnO_2。经热重分析(TGA)测试,MnO_2@MWCNT-S复合材料中硫的含量为58.4%。电化学测试结果表明,MnO_2显著提高了电极材料的首次充放电比容量,并能有效地延缓多硫化物的溶解。MnO_2@MWCNT-S复合材料在0.1 C倍率下,首次充放电比容量达到1148.98 m A·h/g,100次充放电后容量依然保持在560.04 m A·h/g。
