Coupling and Coordination Characteristics and Influencing Factors of the Livable Environment System for the Elderly in China

The construction of a livable environment for the elderly is an important measure to address the challenges of aging and improve their livelihood and well-being.Based on China’s national conditions and combined with the actual development needs of the cities,it is of great significance to explore the coupling and coordination characteristics and influencing factors within the livable environment system for the elderly for the coordination and stable development.This article was based on the three subsystems of’living service environment,socioeconomic environment and ecological livable environment’,following the research framework of’process-pattern-trend-impact’,constructs an evaluation index system for the livable environment for the elderly.Entropy weight-TOPSIS evaluation model,coupling coordination degree model,center of gravity and standard deviation ellipse model and the geographic detector model were used starting from the evolution of coupling coordination types to study the spatial and temporal pattern and dynamic trend characteristics and influencing factors of internal coupling coordination types in the livable environment system for the elderly from2010 to 2019.The results showed that:1)The coordinated development of life service environment system and ecological livable environment system(LE)and socioeconomic environment system and ecological livable environment system(SE)in the livable environment for the elderly decreased from the intermediate coordination level coordination areas to the low-level quality improvement and optimization areas:coordinated transition type.The overall development level of life service environment system and socioeconomic environment system(LS)was low,and it was always at a low level.2)The coupling degree of livable environment system for the elderly was high,the coupling coordination type shown a gradually decreasing layer structure with Zhejiang,Beijing and Guangdong high-level leading demonstration areas as the axis belt.3)The coupling coordination center of the elderly livable environment system was located in Henan,and the standard deviation ellipse was distributed in the northeast-southwest direction.The development center and the ellipse of the high-level leading demonstration areas and the intermediate coordination level areas were concentrated in the central and eastern regions,while the low-level coordination areas for improving quality and efficiency are mainly located in the western region.4)Urban development,green facilities,infrastructure,government macroscopic regulation and control,economic stimulus,and housing construction were all important factors affecting the coordinated development of the livable environment system for the elderly,exerting a varying degree of effect on the level of coordinated development of various types of systems.

Livable and Ecological Theory of Chinese Classical Gardens and the Planning of Modern Eco-residential Community

With some modern communities in Suzhou as the example,this paper mainly expounded the application of the artistic techniques of landscapes in the planning of modern landscape-type eco-residential communities according to the classical livable and ecological theory in Yuan Ye(an ancient book of garden design in China).It was learnt that there were many inner links between the livable and ecological theory of classical Chinese gardens and the planning of modern eco-residential communities.Ecological community is a new-type inhabitation model which represents the future development direction of dwelling construction in China and the main type of ecological communities.Classical Suzhou-style gardens are the representation of gardens in southern Yangtze River as well as the classical livable environment in China.Both of the above two residential models emphasize the harmonious unification between human and nature as well as the sustainable development,and lay their cores on the livability and the harmony with the nature.

Renovation of Outdoor Environment in Old Residential Communities Suitable for the Elderly against the Background of Population Aging

More old residential communities have become unsuitable for the elderly because of the aging of outdoor physical environment and functional degradation. This paper investigated behaviors and mental activities of the elderly, problems of outdoor environment in old residential communities, and proposed strategies for the renovation of old residential communities from the perspectives of outdoor environment, road, greening and public supporting facilities according to demands of the elderly on outdoor environment, so as to provide them a comfortable and reasonable outdoor environment.

Livability assessment of 101,630 communities in China's major cities: A remote sensing perspective

Some of China's major cities have entered the middle and late stages of urbanization, and the development focus of these cities has gradually shifted from outward expansion to inward renewal. The community, as the basic unit of a city, is undoubtedly the main object of urban renewal. In order to efficiently and effectively address the problems in current community construction, it is necessary to conduct a large-scale in-depth assessment of the community livability, which can directly imply the satisfaction of residents with their quality of life. This study achieved the first comprehensive livability assessment at the individual community scale for 42 major cities of China from the perspective of remotely sensed and crowd-sourced geographic information. Specifically, we produced abundant fine-grained datasets for 42 cities, including high-resolution land cover maps interpreted from Ziyuan-3 satellites(ZY-3, 2.1 m), building height, point-of-interest, and boundaries of 101,630 communities.As designed in our proposed framework, the community livability was evaluated by 5 level-1 indicators, 27 level-2 indicators and an integrated community livability index(CLI). A number of interesting findings were obtained from this assessment:(1)According to the expert questionnaires, living comfort was considered as the most important livability factor for residents with the highest weight, while the building environment was rated the least. The negative factors(e.g., the factories around the community) impacted more on livability than the positive ones.(2) Most communities in major Chinese cities were characterized by dense buildings and sparse green spaces.(3) In these cities, community security construction was severely insufficient,particularly in less developed regions.(4) Imbalanced community livability development was prevalent across cities, and simultaneously, the CLI distribution within cities also exhibited significant spatial aggregation and heterogeneity. This research is expected to reveal the status quo of community livability in China, and thus allow for targeted policy formulation.

老年人居家养老环境需求分析及对策建议

在老龄社会背景下,老年人养老以居家为主,建立完善以居家为基础、社区为依托、机构为补充的社会养老服务体系,既是老年人的美好生活需要,也是国家政策发展所向。满足老年人居家养老需求,是打造老年宜居环境、建设老年友好型社会、积极应对人口老龄化的重要任务和目标。基于对老年人行为特征及对居家养老环境的需求分析,就如何优化老年人居住环境,为老年人居家养老提供有效环境支撑,提出了空间全覆盖、多主体共同参与、强化服务和科技支撑的三项建设原则,并就如何提升老年人居家适老宜居水平和加快老年友好型社区建设,提出了具体的政策建议和可行措施。