Several studies have evaluated the effects of live yeast supplementation on rumen microbial population;however,its effect on differential microbial genes and their functional potential has not been described. Thus, th...Several studies have evaluated the effects of live yeast supplementation on rumen microbial population;however,its effect on differential microbial genes and their functional potential has not been described. Thus, this study applied shotgun metagenomic sequencing to evaluate the effects of live yeast supplementation on genetic and functional potential of the rumen microbiota in beef cattle. Eight rumen-cannulated Holstein steers were randomly assigned to two treatments in a cross-over design with two 25-day experimental periods and a 10-day wash-out between the two periods. The steers were housed in individual pens and fed 50% concentrate-mix and 50% red clover/orchard hay ad libitum. Treatments were(1) control(CON;basal diet without additive) and(2) yeast(YEA;basal diet plus 15 g/d of live yeast product). Rumen fluid samples were collected at 3, 6, and 9 h after feeding on the last d of each period. Sequencing was done on an Illumina Hi Seq 2500 platform. Dietary yeast supplementation increased the relative abundance of carbohydrate-fermenting bacteria(such as Ruminococcus albus, R.champanellensis, R. bromii, and R. obeum) and lactate-utilizing bacteria(such as Megasphaera elsdenii, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, and D. vulgaris). A total of 154 differentially abundant genes(DEGs) were obtained(false discovery rate < 0.01). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) annotation analysis of the DEGs revealed that 10 pathways, including amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism,polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis, protein export, ribosome, and bacterial secretory system, were enriched in steers fed YEA. Annotation analysis of the DEGs in the carbohydrate-active enzymes(CAZy) database revealed that the abundance of genes coding for enzymes belonging to glycoside hydrolases, glycosyltransferases, and carbohydrate binding modules were enriched in steers fed YEA. These results confirm the effectiveness of a live S. cerevisiae product for improving rumen function in beef steers by increasing the abundance of cellulolytic bacteria, lactic acid-utilizing bacteria, and carbohydrate-active enzymes in the rumen.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Donor shortage is the biggest obstacle in organ transplantation. Living donor liver transplantation（LDLT） has been considered as a valuable approach to shortening waiting time. The objectives of this st...BACKGROUND： Donor shortage is the biggest obstacle in organ transplantation. Living donor liver transplantation（LDLT） has been considered as a valuable approach to shortening waiting time. The objectives of this study were to investigate the feasibility of utilizing donors older than 50 years in LDLT and to evaluate the graft function and recipient survival.METHODS： All LDLT cases（n=159） were divided into the older（donor age ≥50 years, n=10） and younger（donor age 〈50 years,n=149） donor groups. Donor graft and recipient condition pre-,intra- and post-operation were compared between the two groups.In particular, graft functions and recipient survivals were analyzed.RESULTS： The median donor age was 58.5（52.5-60.0） years in the older donor group and 25.0（23.0-32.0） in the younger donor group. There was no significant difference in cold ischemic time, anhepatic phase and operation time between the older and younger donor groups（P〉0.05）. However, the volume of red blood cell transfused in operation was greater in the older donor group than in the younger donor group（1900 vs 1200 m L, P=0.023）. The 1-, 3- and 5-year graft survival rates were 90%, 80% and 80% for the older donor group, and 92%, 87% and 87% for the younger donor group, respectively（P=0.459）.The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 100%, 90% and 90% for recipients with older grafts, and 93%, 87% and 87% for those with younger grafts, respectively（P=0.811）.CONCLUSION： It is safe for a LDLT recipient to receive liver from donors older than 50 years, and there is no significant adverse effect on graft function and long-term patients’ survival.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Living donor liver transplantation(LDLT)has been widely accepted over the past decade, and hepatic dysfunction often occurs in the donor in the early stage after liver donation. The present study aimed to ...BACKGROUND: Living donor liver transplantation(LDLT)has been widely accepted over the past decade, and hepatic dysfunction often occurs in the donor in the early stage after liver donation. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative cholangiography(IOC) and parenchymal resection on liver function of donors in LDLT, and to assess the role of IOC in influencing the biliary complications and improving the overall outcome.METHODS: Data from 40 patients who had donated their right lobes for LDLT were analyzed. Total bilirubin(TB), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)at different time points were compared, and the follow-up data and the biliary complications were also analyzed.RESULTS: The ALT and AST values were significantly increased after IOC(P<0.001) and parenchymal resection(P<0.001).However, the median values of TB, ALP and GGT were not significantly influenced by IOC(P>0.05) or parenchymal resection(P>0.05). The biochemical changes caused by IOC or parenchymal resection were not correlated with the degree of post-operative liver injury or the recovery of liver function. The liver functions of the donors after operation were stable, and none of the donors suffered from biliary stenosis or leakage during the follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: IOC and parenchymal resection may induce a transient increase in liver enzymes of donors in LDLT, but do not affect the recovery of liver function after operation. Moreover,the routine IOC is helpful to clarify the division line of the hepatic duct, thus reducing the biliary complication rate.展开更多
目的分析老年期痴呆的行为精神症状(behavioral and psychological symptom of dementia,BPSD)的非药物治疗效果及其与载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein E,ApoE)基因多态性的关系。方法选取2016年1月至2022年12月江西省人民医院收治的90例老年...目的分析老年期痴呆的行为精神症状(behavioral and psychological symptom of dementia,BPSD)的非药物治疗效果及其与载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein E,ApoE)基因多态性的关系。方法选取2016年1月至2022年12月江西省人民医院收治的90例老年期痴呆患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为常规组、对照组和观察组,每组各30例。常规组患者给予盐酸美金刚片治疗,对照组患者在常规组基础上加以音乐疗法,观察组患者在常规组基础上加以重复经颅磁刺激治疗,三组均连续治疗12周。比较三组患者的BPSD严重程度、痴呆严重程度、认知功能、日常生活能力、ApoE基因多态性。结果治疗前,三组患者的神经精神问卷(neuropsychiatric inventory,NPI)、临床痴呆评定量表(clinical dementia rating,CDR)、简明精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、日常生活能力评定量表(activity of daily living scale,ADL)评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,三组患者的NPI、CDR评分均显著低于本组治疗前,MMSE、ADL评分均显著高于本组治疗前(P<0.05);观察组和对照组患者的NPI、CDR评分均显著低于常规组,MMSE、ADL评分均显著高于常规组(P<0.05)。ApoE共有ε2、ε3、ε4三种等位基因,其中ε3表达频率最高,共55例,其次为ε4和ε2;三组患者的ApoE不同基因检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ApoEε4型患者的NPI评分显著高于ApoEε3型与ApoEε2型(P<0.05)。结论非药物治疗老年期痴呆患者效果显著,可减轻BPSD和痴呆表现,提高患者的认知功能和日常生活能力,ApoEε4型基因与老年期痴呆患者的BPSD存在紧密联系。展开更多
基金(KYSU-000058)was partially supported by funds from Land O′Lakes Inc.the US Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture Evans-Allen project 1008985
文摘Several studies have evaluated the effects of live yeast supplementation on rumen microbial population;however,its effect on differential microbial genes and their functional potential has not been described. Thus, this study applied shotgun metagenomic sequencing to evaluate the effects of live yeast supplementation on genetic and functional potential of the rumen microbiota in beef cattle. Eight rumen-cannulated Holstein steers were randomly assigned to two treatments in a cross-over design with two 25-day experimental periods and a 10-day wash-out between the two periods. The steers were housed in individual pens and fed 50% concentrate-mix and 50% red clover/orchard hay ad libitum. Treatments were(1) control(CON;basal diet without additive) and(2) yeast(YEA;basal diet plus 15 g/d of live yeast product). Rumen fluid samples were collected at 3, 6, and 9 h after feeding on the last d of each period. Sequencing was done on an Illumina Hi Seq 2500 platform. Dietary yeast supplementation increased the relative abundance of carbohydrate-fermenting bacteria(such as Ruminococcus albus, R.champanellensis, R. bromii, and R. obeum) and lactate-utilizing bacteria(such as Megasphaera elsdenii, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, and D. vulgaris). A total of 154 differentially abundant genes(DEGs) were obtained(false discovery rate < 0.01). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) annotation analysis of the DEGs revealed that 10 pathways, including amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism,polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis, protein export, ribosome, and bacterial secretory system, were enriched in steers fed YEA. Annotation analysis of the DEGs in the carbohydrate-active enzymes(CAZy) database revealed that the abundance of genes coding for enzymes belonging to glycoside hydrolases, glycosyltransferases, and carbohydrate binding modules were enriched in steers fed YEA. These results confirm the effectiveness of a live S. cerevisiae product for improving rumen function in beef steers by increasing the abundance of cellulolytic bacteria, lactic acid-utilizing bacteria, and carbohydrate-active enzymes in the rumen.
基金supported by a grant from the 863 National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China:Establishing Integrated Organ Preserving and Recovering System In Vitro as well as Evaluating and Screening Criteria of DCD donors(2012AA021001)
文摘BACKGROUND： Donor shortage is the biggest obstacle in organ transplantation. Living donor liver transplantation（LDLT） has been considered as a valuable approach to shortening waiting time. The objectives of this study were to investigate the feasibility of utilizing donors older than 50 years in LDLT and to evaluate the graft function and recipient survival.METHODS： All LDLT cases（n=159） were divided into the older（donor age ≥50 years, n=10） and younger（donor age 〈50 years,n=149） donor groups. Donor graft and recipient condition pre-,intra- and post-operation were compared between the two groups.In particular, graft functions and recipient survivals were analyzed.RESULTS： The median donor age was 58.5（52.5-60.0） years in the older donor group and 25.0（23.0-32.0） in the younger donor group. There was no significant difference in cold ischemic time, anhepatic phase and operation time between the older and younger donor groups（P〉0.05）. However, the volume of red blood cell transfused in operation was greater in the older donor group than in the younger donor group（1900 vs 1200 m L, P=0.023）. The 1-, 3- and 5-year graft survival rates were 90%, 80% and 80% for the older donor group, and 92%, 87% and 87% for the younger donor group, respectively（P=0.459）.The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 100%, 90% and 90% for recipients with older grafts, and 93%, 87% and 87% for those with younger grafts, respectively（P=0.811）.CONCLUSION： It is safe for a LDLT recipient to receive liver from donors older than 50 years, and there is no significant adverse effect on graft function and long-term patients’ survival.
基金supported by grants from the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81121002)Zhejiang Provincial Program for the Cultivation of High-Level Innovative Health Talents(2012-236)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Education Department Project(Y201018972)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ12H03002)
文摘BACKGROUND: Living donor liver transplantation(LDLT)has been widely accepted over the past decade, and hepatic dysfunction often occurs in the donor in the early stage after liver donation. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative cholangiography(IOC) and parenchymal resection on liver function of donors in LDLT, and to assess the role of IOC in influencing the biliary complications and improving the overall outcome.METHODS: Data from 40 patients who had donated their right lobes for LDLT were analyzed. Total bilirubin(TB), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)at different time points were compared, and the follow-up data and the biliary complications were also analyzed.RESULTS: The ALT and AST values were significantly increased after IOC(P<0.001) and parenchymal resection(P<0.001).However, the median values of TB, ALP and GGT were not significantly influenced by IOC(P>0.05) or parenchymal resection(P>0.05). The biochemical changes caused by IOC or parenchymal resection were not correlated with the degree of post-operative liver injury or the recovery of liver function. The liver functions of the donors after operation were stable, and none of the donors suffered from biliary stenosis or leakage during the follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: IOC and parenchymal resection may induce a transient increase in liver enzymes of donors in LDLT, but do not affect the recovery of liver function after operation. Moreover,the routine IOC is helpful to clarify the division line of the hepatic duct, thus reducing the biliary complication rate.
文摘目的分析老年期痴呆的行为精神症状(behavioral and psychological symptom of dementia,BPSD)的非药物治疗效果及其与载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein E,ApoE)基因多态性的关系。方法选取2016年1月至2022年12月江西省人民医院收治的90例老年期痴呆患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其分为常规组、对照组和观察组,每组各30例。常规组患者给予盐酸美金刚片治疗,对照组患者在常规组基础上加以音乐疗法,观察组患者在常规组基础上加以重复经颅磁刺激治疗,三组均连续治疗12周。比较三组患者的BPSD严重程度、痴呆严重程度、认知功能、日常生活能力、ApoE基因多态性。结果治疗前,三组患者的神经精神问卷(neuropsychiatric inventory,NPI)、临床痴呆评定量表(clinical dementia rating,CDR)、简明精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、日常生活能力评定量表(activity of daily living scale,ADL)评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,三组患者的NPI、CDR评分均显著低于本组治疗前,MMSE、ADL评分均显著高于本组治疗前(P<0.05);观察组和对照组患者的NPI、CDR评分均显著低于常规组,MMSE、ADL评分均显著高于常规组(P<0.05)。ApoE共有ε2、ε3、ε4三种等位基因,其中ε3表达频率最高,共55例,其次为ε4和ε2;三组患者的ApoE不同基因检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ApoEε4型患者的NPI评分显著高于ApoEε3型与ApoEε2型(P<0.05)。结论非药物治疗老年期痴呆患者效果显著,可减轻BPSD和痴呆表现,提高患者的认知功能和日常生活能力,ApoEε4型基因与老年期痴呆患者的BPSD存在紧密联系。
