Research on Current Situation and Legal Regulation of Cosmetics Live Streaming E-commerce in China

Analyze the compatibility between cosmetics and live streaming e-commerce from its own nature,marketing means and supply chain characteristics.According to the prominent problems,sort out the relationship between all parties in the cosmetics live e-commerce industry chain.Combined with the latest regulatory policies of live streaming e-commerce and cosmetics,the responsibilities of different subjects in cosmetics live streaming e-commerce are summarized,and relevant suggestions and countermeasures are put forward for the standardization and development of live streaming e-commerce.Cosmetics brand owners are the first responsible persons for product quality.Anchors,as a mixed identity between intermediary,advertising spokesperson and operator,should bear stricter joint and several liability when recommending products related to consumers’health.If anchors fail to clearly identify themselves in the recommendation process,thus causing consumers to mistake them for the operator of the cosmetics,they should assume the obligations of the operator.

SDHT： Efficient One-Hop DHT Lookup Framework for P2P Live Streaming

Video data location plays a key role for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) live streaming applications. In this paper, we propose a new one-hop Distributed Hash Table (DHT) lookup framework called Streaming-DHT (SDHT) to provide efficient video data location service. By adopting an enhanced events dissemination mechanism-EDRA+, the accuracy of routing table at peers can be guaranteed. More importantly, in order to enhance the performance of video data lookup operation without incurring extra overhead, we design a so-called Distributed Index Mapping and Management Mechanism (DIMM) for SDHT. Both analytical modeling and intensive simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of SDHT framework. Numerical results show that almost 90% requested video data can be retrieved within one second in SDHT based systems, and SDHT needs only 26% average bandwidth consumption when compared with similar one-hop DHT solutions such as D1HT. This indicates that SDHT framework is an appropriate data lookup solution for time-sensitive network applications such as P2P live streaming.

GPSA:A Greedy Pull-based Scheduling Approach for P2P Live Streaming under Heterogeneous Environments

Pull-based P2P live streaming is a promising solution for the large scale streaming systems, like PPStream, PPlive, due to its high scalability, low cost and high resilience. However, they usually suffer from bad delay performance. In this paper, we seek to improve the delay performance under ensuring video display quality stemming from chunk scheduling. And so we model Pull-based chunk scheduling problem as a multi-objective optimization problem to minimize the video delay and maximize video display quality in the environment of heterogeneous upload bandwidths, heterogeneous and dynamic propagation delays. Finally we put up with a greedy Pull-based scheduling approach(GPSA) to solve the optimization problem. The evaluation shows GPSA can outperform two classical chunk scheduling approaches and adapt to dynamic variance of propagation delays.

A study on TCP performance of crowdsourced live streaming

The prevalence of smart phone and improvement of wireless net promote the usage of crowdsourced live streaming,where individual users act as live streaming sources to broadcast themselves online. Characterizing the performance and identifying its bottleneck in such systems can shed light on the system design and performance optimization. TCP performance of a commercial crowdsourced live streaming system is examined by analyzing packet-level traces collected at streaming servers. TCP stalls that heavily hurt the Qo E of user have been identified. In particular,the TCP stalls account for as much as 31. 6% of the flow completion time for upload flows and result in abandonment of upload on the corresponding channels. Stalls caused by timeout retransmissions are further dissected and timeout retransmission characteristics are revealed to be dependent on the video encoding methods. These findings provide new insights in crowdsourced live streaming systems and can guide designers to improve the TCP efficiency.

基于Http Live Streaming的移动流媒体直播系统Android客户端的实现

对于日益发展的移动互联网来说,流媒体是其最重要最有需求和市场的应用之一。本论文以Http Live Streaming技术为背景,详细介绍了Android平台架构和Android NDK开发,并在此基础上介绍并设计了移动流媒体直播系统,实现了无线网络视频的传输。最后,通过性能测试,实现了客户端采集编码功能。

Applications of a Streaming Video Server in a Mobile Phone Live Streaming System

This paper describes the entire process of completing a multicast streaming media server and applying it to a cellphone live streaming system. By using the RTSP protocol, the streaming media server controls the connection of video capture client, data stream reception and processing as well as playback interaction. The media server can publish real-time data from a data acquisition terminal or a historical data file in the server to the Web so that users on the network can view all the videos through a variety of terminals anytime and anywhere, without having to wait for all the data downloaded completely. The streaming media server of the system is developed based on an open-source streaming media library Live555. The developed server can run on a Windows or a Linux system. The standard RTSP/RTP protocol is used and the video media format is H264. The paper mainly introduces the design of a streaming media server, including data processing for real time, designing a data source, the implementation of multi-acquisition end and multi-player operation, RTSP interaction and RTP packaging, and the setting up of the data buffer in the server. Experiment results are given to show the effect of the system implementation.

Modelling the Roles of Cewebrity Trust and Platform Trust in Consumers’Propensity of Live-Streaming:An Extended TAM Method

Live streaming is a booming industry in China,involving an increasing number of Internet users.Previous studies show that trust is a cornerstone to develop ecommerce.Trust in the streaming industry is different from that of other e-commerce areas.There are two major dimensions of trust in the live streaming context:platform trust and cewebrity trust,which are both important for customers to adopt and reuse a specific live streaming service.We collected questionnaire data from 520 participates who have used live streaming services in China.We model the collected data and identified factors that can influence users’propensity by an extended technology acceptance model(TAM)method.According to our analysis,both cewebrity trust and platform trust will greatly influence users’intention to reuse a certain platform.Moreover,results also indicate that cewebrity trust is far more important than platform trust.These findings can lead to several management strategies to improve the adherence of users to streaming platforms.

Deep Sequential Model for Anchor Recommendation on Live Streaming Platforms

Live streaming has grown rapidly in recent years, attracting increasingly more participation. As the number of online anchors is large, it is difficult for viewers to find the anchors they are interested in. Therefore, a personalized recommendation system is important for live streaming platforms. On live streaming platforms, the viewer’s and anchor’s preferences are dynamically changing over time. How to capture the user’s preference change is extensively studied in the literature, but how to model the viewer’s and anchor’s preference changes and how to learn their representations based on their preference matching are less studied. Taking these issues into consideration, in this paper, we propose a deep sequential model for live streaming recommendation. We develop a component named the multi-head related-unit in the model to capture the preference matching between anchor and viewer and extract related features for their representations. To evaluate the performance of our proposed model, we conduct experiments on real datasets, and the results show that our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art recommendation models.

A Cost-Effective Cloud Leasing Policy for Live Streaming Applications

The dynamics of the globalized multimedia sources and request demands, which requires high computations and bandwidths, makes the IT infrastructure a challenge for live streaming applications. Migrating the system to a geo-distributed cloud and leasing servers is an ideal alternative for supporting large-scale live streaming applications with dynamic contents and demands. The new challenge of multimedia live streaming applications in a geo-distributed cloud is how to efficiently arrange and migrate services among different cloud sites to guarantee the distribute users' experience at modest costs. This paper first investigates cloud leasing policies for live streaming applications and finds that there is no detailed algorithm to help live streaming applications arrange and migrate services among different cloud sites. Then, we present a quality of service(Qo S) guarantee cost-effective cloud leasing policy for live streaming applications. Meanwhile, we design a genetic algorithm(GA) to deal with the leasing policy among cloud sites of diverse lease prices. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model and the efficiency of the involved GA.

Effects of age on live streaming viewer engagement:a dual coding perspective

Though the emerging live streaming industry has attracted growing attention,the dominant yanzhi category where streamers mostly interact with the audience through amateur talent shows and casual chats has not been widely investigated.To decode the mechanism behind the popularity of yanzhi streamers,this study draws on Dual Coding Theory(DCT)to posit that age estimated from a streamer’s face and voice can influence the level of viewer engagement.To validate our hypothesized relationships,274 one-minute video records ahead of a viewer commenting or/and gifting were collected and analyzed via deep learning algorithms.Analytical results attest to the negative effects of both facial and vocal age on viewer engagement,while their interaction has a positive impact on viewer engagement.

Scheduling piece requests blindly and randomly for peer-to-peer live streaming

The design of piece scheduling algorithm is fundamental in mesh-based peer-to-peer (P2P) live streaming systems. This article regards the piece propagation process in P2P live streaming system as a conflict process,where peers compete to get the piece as soon as possible to meet the tight timing requirement of the live system. In this vision,the authors reduce the piece scheduling problem as a conflict resolution problem,and propose a blind random scheduling method to resolve it. The algorithm can be described as:1) pieces are scheduled independently; 2) conflicts are resolved by the random back off algorithm. The theoretical analysis and simulation results prove that the algorithm scales well with the network size,and can obtain near-optimal in-time delivery of pieces. The algorithm is also easy to implement in the real-world system.

Efficient User Authentication and Key Management for Peer-to-Peer Live Streaming Systems

Recent development of the peer-to-peer(P2P)live streaming technique has brought unprecedented new momentum to the Internet with the characters of effective,scalable,and low cost.However,before these applications can be successfully deployed as commercial applications,efficient access control mechanisms are needed.This work based on earlier research of the secure streaming architecture in Trust-Stream, analyzes how to ensure that only authorized users can access the original media in the P2P live streaming system by adopting a user authentication and key management scheme.The major features of this system include(1)the management server issues each authorized user a unique public key certificate, (2)the one-way hash chain extends the certificate's lifetime,(3)the original media is encrypted by the session key and delivered to the communication group,and(4)the session key is periodically updated and distributed with the media.Finally,analyses and test results show that scheme provides a secure,scalable,reliable, and efficient access control solution for P2P live streaming systems.

RESEARCH ON GROUPING STRATEGY OF SIP-BASED STREAMING MEDIA P2P LIVE BROADCAST NETWORK

The rapid development of Internet has led to the explosion of information sharing, and how to supervise the sharing is a main research topic on current Internet. Aiming at the disadvantage that the current Peer-to-Peer (P2P) is hard to manage and control, this paper presents a Session Initial Protocol (SIP)-based P2P network of three-level architecture. SIP middleware is introduced to the middle level of the three-layer architecture. By the connection function of the SIP signaling, the P2P transmission on media-level can be controlled. Using SIP’s register and authentication function, the manage layer can manage the whole P2P network. Based on the aforementioned architecture, this paper investigates the grouping strategy on a live broadcast application in P2P network. Combined with the function of SIP register, the paper works on several grouping strategies, sets up models to manage users by grouping them, presents a weight-based K-means IP address grouping algorithm, and realizes it. The experiment shows that the grouping strategy presented in this paper can solve the problem of group sharing of network resource, and can realize the efficient-sharing, reasonable-distributing of network resource.

基于效果定价模式的网络直播广告定价决策研究

网络直播广告作为一种新型营销方式快速发展,优化直播广告运营主体努力水平及定价策略是一项值得深入研究的课题。本文基于广告投放效果的两种定价模式,构建了包含两个广告商和一个主播的网络直播广告定价决策模型,探索广告商与主播的最优努力水平选择及广告定价策略。研究发现:CPW(cost per watch)定价模式下,广告商承担了消费者是否购买的不确定性风险,当消费者敏感性系数偏低时,广告商会提交较低的出价,且B/D两类广告商赢得竞拍的概率相等;对比CPW模式,在CPA(cost per action)定价模式下广告商的努力水平更低,且CPA定价模式中B型(品牌型)广告商赢得竞拍的概率更大,但赢得竞拍的广告商边际利润往往较低;与广告商相反,主播在CPA定价模式下的收益大于CPW,且随消费者敏感性系数的增加,两种定价模式下的收益差逐渐增大;CPW定价模式下预期观看直播的用户量和购买率均高于CPA,网络直播市场倾向于从CPW广告定价合同中获得较大收益。

服装消费者使用直播购物的影响因素探究

为探究影响服装消费者使用直播购物的因素,通过文献梳理和分析构建研究理论模型,运用问卷调查法和结构方程模型分析发现:消费者对直播购物的感知有用性、感知易用性、主观规范和信任均对使用直播购物有显著正向影响;感知易用性和主观规范均显著正向影响感知有用性。此外,直播中的社会临场感可以显著影响消费者对直播的信任,但对直播的使用意向影响不显著。研究结论有助于促进服装消费者使用直播购物,对提高相关从业人员的直播营销效果具有借鉴意义。

基于解释水平理论的直播间活跃度和产品信息诉求的匹配效应研究

基于解释水平理论,通过二手数据分析和仿真模拟实验研究,揭示直播间活跃度(高vs.低)与产品信息诉求(属性vs.利益)对消费者购买意愿的匹配效应。研究表明:①当直播间活跃度高时,利益诉求的产品信息更能提高消费者的购买意愿;当直播间活跃度低时,属性诉求的产品信息更能提高消费者的购买意愿。②感知有用性中介直播间活跃度和产品信息诉求对消费者购买意愿的影响。③弹幕相似性调节直播间活跃度和产品信息诉求的匹配效应,即当弹幕相似时,两种诉求策略对消费者的影响无显著差异。

虚拟直播电商的销售业绩影响因素与发展对策研究——基于信息源理论的实证分析

随着人工智能技术的发展,由虚拟主播与虚拟场景结合而成的虚拟直播成为电商发展新方向。基于直播电商“流量+转化”的商业本质,在信息源理论框架下构建虚拟直播电商的销售业绩模型,以淘宝直播平台300家虚拟直播间为样本进行实证分析。结果发现:虚拟主播的可信性、专业性和吸引力对销售业绩具有显著的正向影响,作为直播电商主要特征的互动性反而对销售业绩具有显著的负向影响,商品类型对虚拟主播互动性具有调节作用。根据实证分析结果,建议强化虚拟主播特性以提高流量和转化率,提升技术应用水平以填补互动性短板,出台培育政策以降低虚拟主播应用成本。

我国网络直播营销产品质量政府监管的困境与优化路径——基于回应性规制理论的思考

作为一种新型营销模式,网络直播带来巨大发展机遇的同时,也对直播营销产品质量监管提出了一系列挑战,如传统经济分析工具失灵、监管理论支撑不力,法律依据未成体系、监管“底气”不足以及监管模式滞后等问题。法和社会学视角下的回应性规制理论倡导纵向的监管策略和横向的监管主体间监管权分配的方案,意在构建出监管机构与被监管者的良性互动,调动各种力量参与监管过程的混合型监管模式。“他山之石可以攻玉”,我国可以本土化回应性规制理论,坚持包容创新审慎干预的理念,修订完善网络直播营销产品质量监管法律规则,明确监管机关职权、智慧化监管手段,以构建网络直播营销产品质量监管新模式,实现网络直播营销产品质量监管优化。

基于SOR理论的电商直播销售影响机制实证研究

电商直播已经成为一种新的经济模式,越来越多的商家选择该模式进行销售商品。运用某直播运营公司在天猫和京东直播数据,以SOR理论为基础,从直播电商的视角进行销售额影响机制研究,结果发现:电商直播时段对观看人数有显著影响,选择晚间直播和在周三进行直播观看人数最多;直播经验、直播时长、成交件数和观看人数都能显著增加涨粉人数,而主播的性别对涨粉人数没有显著影响;观看人数与涨粉人数都能显著促进直播销售。研究内容拓展了以往从消费者角度进行分析的研究视角,直接从电商直播环境角度探索其内在的销售额影响机制,对商家和相关监管部门都有一定的实践和指导意义。

新媒体前沿技术在跨境电商直播中的运用

随着互联网日益普及和新媒体技术不断发展,跨境电商已成为全球贸易的新势力和经济增长新引擎。“跨境电商+直播”模式快速崛起,为跨境电商行业注入了新动能。直播电商模式与跨境电商相结合,通过直播演示和实时互动,海外客户可以直观地了解商品信息,与主播互动并直接购买产品。新媒体技术的优化升级和广泛应用,引领跨境电商直播开创新局面。基于此,综述跨境电商及其直播的发展现状,详细阐述增强现实(Augmented Reality,AR)、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality,VR)、混合现实(Mixed Reality,MR)及人工智能(ArtificialIntelligence,AI)等新媒体前沿技术在跨境电商直播业态中的有效运用,并展望其未来发展趋势。