This work successfully used model rats with Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) liver-qi invasion in the early de-velopment days to detect the Metabolic and Behavioral Patterns and their reversal by a Chinese traditional for...This work successfully used model rats with Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) liver-qi invasion in the early de-velopment days to detect the Metabolic and Behavioral Patterns and their reversal by a Chinese traditional for-mula. Our aim is to verify the reliability of PMS liver-qi invasion rat model and explore some micro- mecha-nism of the syndrome of the liver failing to maintain the normal flow of qi. 30 rats with estrous cycles not in accepting time were selected and divided randomly into three groups: the normal control group, PMS liver-qi invasion model group and PMS liver-qi invasion medication-administered group. Emotional stimulation and multiple factors combination were used to prepare the PMS liver-qi invasion model. Baixiangdan Capsules (a Chinese traditional formula) were administered to rats to interfere with the PMS liver-qi invasion mode. Open-field test was used to explore behavioral aspects of the model. Urine samples, from the three groups, were collected and analyzed with UPLC-Q-TOF method to detect changes in metabolites related to liver func-tions. In the open-field experiment, the crossing scores, rearing scores and open-field experiment total scores of rats in the PMS liver-qi invasion model group increased remarkably (P < 0.05) compared with the scores of the normal control group, the tendency was retrieved remarkably after medications (P < 0.05). Metabolic finger-prints between the PMS liver-qi invasion model group and the normal control group had also distinguished changes through principal component analysis, and an evident restoration trend occurred after Baixiangdan Capsules administration. Taken together, behavioral and metabolic patterns can differentiate the PMS liver-qi invasion rat models from the normal rats. Our results identified potential biological markers that might reflect metabolic pathologies associated with PMS liver-qi invasion.展开更多
AIM: To clarify whether subclassification of the type VI pit pattern on the basis of magnifying colonoscopy findings is useful in determining the type and depth of invasion of colorectal neoplasms.METHODS: We retrospe...AIM: To clarify whether subclassification of the type VI pit pattern on the basis of magnifying colonoscopy findings is useful in determining the type and depth of invasion of colorectal neoplasms.METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 272 colorectal neoplasms (117 dysplasias and 155 submucosal invasive carcinomas; 228 patients) with a type V pit pattern [type VI, n = 202; type VN, n = 70 (Kudo and Tsuruta classification system)]. We divided lesions with a type VI pit pattern into two subclasses, mildly irregular lesions and severely irregular lesions, according to the prominent and detailed magnifying colonoscopy findings. We examined the relation between these two subclasses and histology/invasion depth.RESULTS: One hundred and four lesions (51.5%) were judged to be mildly irregular, and 98 lesions (48.5%) were judged to be severely irregular. Ninety-seven (93.3%) mildly irregular lesions showed dysplasias or submucosal invasion of less than 1000 μm (SM < 1000 μm). Fifty-five (56.1%) severely irregular lesions showed submucosal invasion equal to or deeper than 1000 μm (SM ≥ 1000 μm). Mild irregularity was found significantly more often in dysplasias or lesions with SM < 1000 μm than in lesions with SM ≥ 1000 μm (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Subclassification of the type VI pit pattern is useful for identifying dysplasias or lesions with SM < 1000 μm.展开更多
Understanding fingering, as a challenge to stable displacement during the immiscible flow, has become a crucial phenomenon for geological carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and groundwater protection. Typica...Understanding fingering, as a challenge to stable displacement during the immiscible flow, has become a crucial phenomenon for geological carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and groundwater protection. Typically governed by gravity, viscous and capillary forces, these factors lead invasive fluids to occupy pore space irregularly and incompletely. Previous studies have demonstrated capillary numbers,describing the viscous and capillary forces, to quantificationally induce evolution of invasion patterns.While the evolution mechanisms of invasive patterns have not been deeply elucidated under the constant capillary number and three variable parameters including velocity, viscosity, and interfacial tension.Our research employs two horizontal visualization systems and a two-phase laminar flow simulation to investigate the tendency of invasive pattern transition by various parameters at the pore scale. We showed that increasing invasive viscosity or reducing interfacial tension in a homogeneous pore space significantly enhanced sweep efficiency, under constant capillary number. Additionally, in the fingering crossover pattern, the region near the inlet was prone to capillary fingering with multi-directional invasion, while the viscous fingering with unidirectional invasion was more susceptible occurred in the region near the outlet. Furthermore, increasing invasive viscosity or decreasing invasive velocity and interfacial tension promoted the extension of viscous fingering from the outlet to the inlet, presenting that the subsequent invasive fluid flows toward the outlet. In the case of invasive trunk along a unidirectional path, the invasive flow increased exponentially closer to the outlet, resulting in a significant decrease in the width of the invasive interface. Our work holds promising applications for optimizing invasive patterns in heterogeneous porous media.展开更多
Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is an essentially incurable brain tumor, which has been explored for approximately a century. Nowadays, surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are still the standardized t...Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is an essentially incurable brain tumor, which has been explored for approximately a century. Nowadays, surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are still the standardized therapeutic options. However, due to the intrinsic invasion and metastasis features and the resistance to chemotherapy, the survival rate of glioblastoma patients remains unsatisfactory. To improve the current situation, much more research is needed to provide comprehensive knowledge of GBM. In this review, we summarize the latest updates on GBM treatment and invasion. Firstly, we review the traditional and emerging therapies that have been used for GBM treatment. Given the limited efficiency of these therapies, we further discuss the role of invasion in GBM recurrence and progression, and present current research progress on the mode and mechanisms of GBM invasion.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer currently has no subtypes that inform clinical decisions;hence,there exists an opportunity to rearrange the morphological and molecular taxonomy that guides a better understanding of tumor characteri...Pancreatic cancer currently has no subtypes that inform clinical decisions;hence,there exists an opportunity to rearrange the morphological and molecular taxonomy that guides a better understanding of tumor characteristics.Nonetheless,accumulating studies to date have revealed the large-duct type variant,a unique subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA)with cystic features.This subtype often radiographically mimics intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs)and involves multiple small cysts occasionally associated with solid masses.The“bunch-of-grapes”sign,an imaging characteristic of IPMNs,is absent in large-duct PDA.Large-duct PDA defines the mucin profile,and genetic alterations are useful in distinguishing large-duct PDA from IPMNs.Histologically,neoplastic ducts measure over 0.5 mm,forming large ductal elements.Similar to classic PDAs,this subtype is frequently accompanied by perineural invasion and abundant desmoplastic reactions,and KRAS mutations in codon 12 are nearly ubiquitous.Despite such morphological similarities with IPMNs,the prognosis of large-duct PDA is equivalent to that of classic PDA.Differential diagnosis is therefore essential.展开更多
Veredas are regarded as humid complexes of ecological, water and scenery significance in Cerrado biome related to water table outcrop. Direct alterations in these environments can lead to species diversity reduction a...Veredas are regarded as humid complexes of ecological, water and scenery significance in Cerrado biome related to water table outcrop. Direct alterations in these environments can lead to species diversity reduction and also facilitate biological invasion processes. Thus our study aims to investigate the natural regeneration, the coverage of woody vegetation and the invasive species in two sites in secondary successional stage in the central part of Cerrado biome. Our study was carried out at two sites located at Minas Gerais state, Brazil. We established plots randomly throughout transects laid perpendicularly to the vereda’s drain line. We used the line intercept method to analyze the vegetation coverage. We set five 10-m width transects in each of both areas, perpendicular to the vereda’s drain line to evaluate the distribution of invasive alien species in the two areas. The richness did not vary between communities (U = 67.50;p = 0.061);on the other hand we found significant difference in density estimates (U = 36.50;p = 0.002). We found significant difference between categories for soil coverage in both sites. Grasses showed the highest coverage when compared to the other categories (K = 45.06;p < 0.001 for site 1 and K = 67.47;p < 0.001 for site 2). We observed a zonation tendency in site 1, with a higher native grass coverage at middle and backwards zones (K = 7.734, p < 0.05). We only found Pinus caribaea Morelet individuals in the invasive species survey. We recorded 46 Pinus caribaea individuals at site 1 and 116 Pinus caribaea individuals at site 2. From the latter group we found 13 individuals within the vereda and 103 in the surrounding vegetation. Both sites have a high natural woody plant regeneration potential although the presence of alien grasses in the veredas’ edge and Pinus caribaea all over the humidity gradient highlights the vulnerability of these areas to biological invasion.展开更多
Tumor-host interaction at the invasive front of colorectal cancer represents a critical interface encompassing a dynamic process of de-differentiation of colorectal carci-noma cells known as epithelial mesenchymal tra...Tumor-host interaction at the invasive front of colorectal cancer represents a critical interface encompassing a dynamic process of de-differentiation of colorectal carci-noma cells known as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT can be identified histologically by the presence of "tumor budding" ,a feature which can be highly specific for tumors showing an inf iltrating tumor growth pattern. Importantly,tumor budding and tumor border configuration have generated considerable interest as additional prognostic factors and are also recognized as such by the International Union Against Cancer. Evidence seems to suggest that the presence of tumor budding or an infiltrating growth pattern is inversely correlated with the presence of immune and inflammatory responses at the invasive tumor front. In fact,several tumor-associated antigens such as CD3,CD4,CD8,CD20,Granzyme B,FOXP3 and other immunological or inflammatory cell types have been identified as poten-tially prognostic in patients with this disease. Evidence seems to suggest that the balance between protumor (including budding and inf iltrating growth pattern) and anti-tumor (immune response or certain inflammatory cell types) factors at the invasive front of colorectal cancer may be decisive in determining tumor progression and the clinical outcome of patients with colorectal cancer. On one hand,the inf iltrating tumor border configuration and tumor budding promote progression and dissemination of tumor cells by penetrating the vascular and lymphatic vessels. On the other,the host attempts to fend off this attack by mounting an immune response to protect vascular and lymphatic channels from invasion by tumor buds. Whereas standard pathology reporting of breast and prostate cancer involves additional prognostic features,such as the BRE and Gleason scores,the ratio of pro-and anti-tumor factors could be a promising approach for the future development of a prognostic score for patients with colorectal cancer which could complement tumor node metastasis staging to improve the clinical management of patients with this disease.展开更多
Our research focused on Pinus massoniana information extracted from remote sensing images based on the knowledge detection and decision tree algorithm and established a spatial pattern model, combining quantitative th...Our research focused on Pinus massoniana information extracted from remote sensing images based on the knowledge detection and decision tree algorithm and established a spatial pattern model, combining quantitative theoretical ecology with remote sensing （RS） and geometric information system （GIS） techniques. Applying information extraction methods and a spatial pattern model, we studied P. massoniana spatial patterns changes before and after the invasion by pine wood nematode （Bursaphelenchus xylophilus） in Fuyang and Zhoushan counties, Zhejiang Province, east China. The P. massoniana spatial patterns are clustering, whether the invasion happened or not. But the degree of clustering is different. Our results show good agreement with field data. Applying the results, we analyzed the relationship between spatial patterns and the invasion level. Then we drew the elementary conclusion that there are two kinds of patterns for pine wood nematode to spread： continuous and discontinuous diffusion. This approach can help monitor and evaluate the changes in ecological systems.展开更多
本研究在2022年广西山口国家级红树林生态自然保护区(以下简称山口红树林保护区)实地调查数据的基础上,选取1987—2021年期间6个时相的遥感影像,利用面向对象的图像分类方法,解析土地利用/土地覆盖变化(land-use and land-cover change,...本研究在2022年广西山口国家级红树林生态自然保护区(以下简称山口红树林保护区)实地调查数据的基础上,选取1987—2021年期间6个时相的遥感影像,利用面向对象的图像分类方法,解析土地利用/土地覆盖变化(land-use and land-cover change,LUCC)状况,并基于LUCC计算景观格局指数(landscapepatternindex,LPI),结合LUCC着重探索广西山口红树林保护区湿地变化过程及其重要影响因素。结果表明:从土地利用角度来看,研究区近35年间地类之间不断转换,其中耕地面积持续减少,米草滩和养殖坑塘大比例增长,米草滩主要侵占原沿海滩涂,养殖坑塘主要由林地和耕地转换而来;就景观角度来看:景观破碎度持续增加,连通性逐渐降低,景观形状逐渐变得复杂,地类演替变得频繁;Pearson相关性分析表明,沿海滩涂、米草滩和养殖坑塘的土地利用变化与景观指数之间存在极显著或显著的相关性。在过去35年中,山口红树林保护区经历了重大的土地利用变化,入侵物种(米草滩)和人为干扰(养殖坑塘)是影响该地区红树林湿地变化的主要因素,也是景观破碎度持续增加的主要成因;研究揭示了区域景观变化的影响因素,对典型红树林生态系统的环境管理和保护工作提供理论依据。展开更多
文摘This work successfully used model rats with Pre-Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) liver-qi invasion in the early de-velopment days to detect the Metabolic and Behavioral Patterns and their reversal by a Chinese traditional for-mula. Our aim is to verify the reliability of PMS liver-qi invasion rat model and explore some micro- mecha-nism of the syndrome of the liver failing to maintain the normal flow of qi. 30 rats with estrous cycles not in accepting time were selected and divided randomly into three groups: the normal control group, PMS liver-qi invasion model group and PMS liver-qi invasion medication-administered group. Emotional stimulation and multiple factors combination were used to prepare the PMS liver-qi invasion model. Baixiangdan Capsules (a Chinese traditional formula) were administered to rats to interfere with the PMS liver-qi invasion mode. Open-field test was used to explore behavioral aspects of the model. Urine samples, from the three groups, were collected and analyzed with UPLC-Q-TOF method to detect changes in metabolites related to liver func-tions. In the open-field experiment, the crossing scores, rearing scores and open-field experiment total scores of rats in the PMS liver-qi invasion model group increased remarkably (P < 0.05) compared with the scores of the normal control group, the tendency was retrieved remarkably after medications (P < 0.05). Metabolic finger-prints between the PMS liver-qi invasion model group and the normal control group had also distinguished changes through principal component analysis, and an evident restoration trend occurred after Baixiangdan Capsules administration. Taken together, behavioral and metabolic patterns can differentiate the PMS liver-qi invasion rat models from the normal rats. Our results identified potential biological markers that might reflect metabolic pathologies associated with PMS liver-qi invasion.
基金a grant from the Japanese Society of Gastro-enterological Endoscopy, Chugoku Branch
文摘AIM: To clarify whether subclassification of the type VI pit pattern on the basis of magnifying colonoscopy findings is useful in determining the type and depth of invasion of colorectal neoplasms.METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 272 colorectal neoplasms (117 dysplasias and 155 submucosal invasive carcinomas; 228 patients) with a type V pit pattern [type VI, n = 202; type VN, n = 70 (Kudo and Tsuruta classification system)]. We divided lesions with a type VI pit pattern into two subclasses, mildly irregular lesions and severely irregular lesions, according to the prominent and detailed magnifying colonoscopy findings. We examined the relation between these two subclasses and histology/invasion depth.RESULTS: One hundred and four lesions (51.5%) were judged to be mildly irregular, and 98 lesions (48.5%) were judged to be severely irregular. Ninety-seven (93.3%) mildly irregular lesions showed dysplasias or submucosal invasion of less than 1000 μm (SM < 1000 μm). Fifty-five (56.1%) severely irregular lesions showed submucosal invasion equal to or deeper than 1000 μm (SM ≥ 1000 μm). Mild irregularity was found significantly more often in dysplasias or lesions with SM < 1000 μm than in lesions with SM ≥ 1000 μm (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Subclassification of the type VI pit pattern is useful for identifying dysplasias or lesions with SM < 1000 μm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund Project (Grant/Award Number: U20B6003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant/Award Number: 52304054)。
文摘Understanding fingering, as a challenge to stable displacement during the immiscible flow, has become a crucial phenomenon for geological carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and groundwater protection. Typically governed by gravity, viscous and capillary forces, these factors lead invasive fluids to occupy pore space irregularly and incompletely. Previous studies have demonstrated capillary numbers,describing the viscous and capillary forces, to quantificationally induce evolution of invasion patterns.While the evolution mechanisms of invasive patterns have not been deeply elucidated under the constant capillary number and three variable parameters including velocity, viscosity, and interfacial tension.Our research employs two horizontal visualization systems and a two-phase laminar flow simulation to investigate the tendency of invasive pattern transition by various parameters at the pore scale. We showed that increasing invasive viscosity or reducing interfacial tension in a homogeneous pore space significantly enhanced sweep efficiency, under constant capillary number. Additionally, in the fingering crossover pattern, the region near the inlet was prone to capillary fingering with multi-directional invasion, while the viscous fingering with unidirectional invasion was more susceptible occurred in the region near the outlet. Furthermore, increasing invasive viscosity or decreasing invasive velocity and interfacial tension promoted the extension of viscous fingering from the outlet to the inlet, presenting that the subsequent invasive fluid flows toward the outlet. In the case of invasive trunk along a unidirectional path, the invasive flow increased exponentially closer to the outlet, resulting in a significant decrease in the width of the invasive interface. Our work holds promising applications for optimizing invasive patterns in heterogeneous porous media.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 82003764 to L.F.)Universities Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. 19KJB350001to L.F.)。
文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is an essentially incurable brain tumor, which has been explored for approximately a century. Nowadays, surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are still the standardized therapeutic options. However, due to the intrinsic invasion and metastasis features and the resistance to chemotherapy, the survival rate of glioblastoma patients remains unsatisfactory. To improve the current situation, much more research is needed to provide comprehensive knowledge of GBM. In this review, we summarize the latest updates on GBM treatment and invasion. Firstly, we review the traditional and emerging therapies that have been used for GBM treatment. Given the limited efficiency of these therapies, we further discuss the role of invasion in GBM recurrence and progression, and present current research progress on the mode and mechanisms of GBM invasion.
基金Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI,No.19K17480(to Sato H),and No.20H03655(Mizukami Y).
文摘Pancreatic cancer currently has no subtypes that inform clinical decisions;hence,there exists an opportunity to rearrange the morphological and molecular taxonomy that guides a better understanding of tumor characteristics.Nonetheless,accumulating studies to date have revealed the large-duct type variant,a unique subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA)with cystic features.This subtype often radiographically mimics intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs)and involves multiple small cysts occasionally associated with solid masses.The“bunch-of-grapes”sign,an imaging characteristic of IPMNs,is absent in large-duct PDA.Large-duct PDA defines the mucin profile,and genetic alterations are useful in distinguishing large-duct PDA from IPMNs.Histologically,neoplastic ducts measure over 0.5 mm,forming large ductal elements.Similar to classic PDAs,this subtype is frequently accompanied by perineural invasion and abundant desmoplastic reactions,and KRAS mutations in codon 12 are nearly ubiquitous.Despite such morphological similarities with IPMNs,the prognosis of large-duct PDA is equivalent to that of classic PDA.Differential diagnosis is therefore essential.
基金We would like to thank Duratex for funding the project of which this study is partWe are also thankful to the graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources Conservation and CAPES for the graduate scholarship provided.
文摘Veredas are regarded as humid complexes of ecological, water and scenery significance in Cerrado biome related to water table outcrop. Direct alterations in these environments can lead to species diversity reduction and also facilitate biological invasion processes. Thus our study aims to investigate the natural regeneration, the coverage of woody vegetation and the invasive species in two sites in secondary successional stage in the central part of Cerrado biome. Our study was carried out at two sites located at Minas Gerais state, Brazil. We established plots randomly throughout transects laid perpendicularly to the vereda’s drain line. We used the line intercept method to analyze the vegetation coverage. We set five 10-m width transects in each of both areas, perpendicular to the vereda’s drain line to evaluate the distribution of invasive alien species in the two areas. The richness did not vary between communities (U = 67.50;p = 0.061);on the other hand we found significant difference in density estimates (U = 36.50;p = 0.002). We found significant difference between categories for soil coverage in both sites. Grasses showed the highest coverage when compared to the other categories (K = 45.06;p < 0.001 for site 1 and K = 67.47;p < 0.001 for site 2). We observed a zonation tendency in site 1, with a higher native grass coverage at middle and backwards zones (K = 7.734, p < 0.05). We only found Pinus caribaea Morelet individuals in the invasive species survey. We recorded 46 Pinus caribaea individuals at site 1 and 116 Pinus caribaea individuals at site 2. From the latter group we found 13 individuals within the vereda and 103 in the surrounding vegetation. Both sites have a high natural woody plant regeneration potential although the presence of alien grasses in the veredas’ edge and Pinus caribaea all over the humidity gradient highlights the vulnerability of these areas to biological invasion.
文摘Tumor-host interaction at the invasive front of colorectal cancer represents a critical interface encompassing a dynamic process of de-differentiation of colorectal carci-noma cells known as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT can be identified histologically by the presence of "tumor budding" ,a feature which can be highly specific for tumors showing an inf iltrating tumor growth pattern. Importantly,tumor budding and tumor border configuration have generated considerable interest as additional prognostic factors and are also recognized as such by the International Union Against Cancer. Evidence seems to suggest that the presence of tumor budding or an infiltrating growth pattern is inversely correlated with the presence of immune and inflammatory responses at the invasive tumor front. In fact,several tumor-associated antigens such as CD3,CD4,CD8,CD20,Granzyme B,FOXP3 and other immunological or inflammatory cell types have been identified as poten-tially prognostic in patients with this disease. Evidence seems to suggest that the balance between protumor (including budding and inf iltrating growth pattern) and anti-tumor (immune response or certain inflammatory cell types) factors at the invasive front of colorectal cancer may be decisive in determining tumor progression and the clinical outcome of patients with colorectal cancer. On one hand,the inf iltrating tumor border configuration and tumor budding promote progression and dissemination of tumor cells by penetrating the vascular and lymphatic vessels. On the other,the host attempts to fend off this attack by mounting an immune response to protect vascular and lymphatic channels from invasion by tumor buds. Whereas standard pathology reporting of breast and prostate cancer involves additional prognostic features,such as the BRE and Gleason scores,the ratio of pro-and anti-tumor factors could be a promising approach for the future development of a prognostic score for patients with colorectal cancer which could complement tumor node metastasis staging to improve the clinical management of patients with this disease.
文摘Our research focused on Pinus massoniana information extracted from remote sensing images based on the knowledge detection and decision tree algorithm and established a spatial pattern model, combining quantitative theoretical ecology with remote sensing （RS） and geometric information system （GIS） techniques. Applying information extraction methods and a spatial pattern model, we studied P. massoniana spatial patterns changes before and after the invasion by pine wood nematode （Bursaphelenchus xylophilus） in Fuyang and Zhoushan counties, Zhejiang Province, east China. The P. massoniana spatial patterns are clustering, whether the invasion happened or not. But the degree of clustering is different. Our results show good agreement with field data. Applying the results, we analyzed the relationship between spatial patterns and the invasion level. Then we drew the elementary conclusion that there are two kinds of patterns for pine wood nematode to spread： continuous and discontinuous diffusion. This approach can help monitor and evaluate the changes in ecological systems.
文摘本研究在2022年广西山口国家级红树林生态自然保护区(以下简称山口红树林保护区)实地调查数据的基础上,选取1987—2021年期间6个时相的遥感影像,利用面向对象的图像分类方法,解析土地利用/土地覆盖变化(land-use and land-cover change,LUCC)状况,并基于LUCC计算景观格局指数(landscapepatternindex,LPI),结合LUCC着重探索广西山口红树林保护区湿地变化过程及其重要影响因素。结果表明:从土地利用角度来看,研究区近35年间地类之间不断转换,其中耕地面积持续减少,米草滩和养殖坑塘大比例增长,米草滩主要侵占原沿海滩涂,养殖坑塘主要由林地和耕地转换而来;就景观角度来看:景观破碎度持续增加,连通性逐渐降低,景观形状逐渐变得复杂,地类演替变得频繁;Pearson相关性分析表明,沿海滩涂、米草滩和养殖坑塘的土地利用变化与景观指数之间存在极显著或显著的相关性。在过去35年中,山口红树林保护区经历了重大的土地利用变化,入侵物种(米草滩)和人为干扰(养殖坑塘)是影响该地区红树林湿地变化的主要因素,也是景观破碎度持续增加的主要成因;研究揭示了区域景观变化的影响因素,对典型红树林生态系统的环境管理和保护工作提供理论依据。
