With the enlarging scale and intensifying production of livestock and poultry breeding, the environment pollution becomes increasingly prominent in the Dianchi Lake Basin since 1990s. According to the survey of ＂The ...With the enlarging scale and intensifying production of livestock and poultry breeding, the environment pollution becomes increasingly prominent in the Dianchi Lake Basin since 1990s. According to the survey of ＂The First National Census of Pollution Sources＂, occurrence and discharge of pollutants in large-scale livestock and poultry farms in this region were first understood. The pollution characteristics of large-scale live- stock and poultry breeding were also analyzed deeply. On this basis, the significance of pollution control programs for environment protection was investigated from aspects of pollution control policy, technology management and publicity.展开更多
[Objectives] The paper was to study the effects of probiotics on breeding environment of livestock and poultry and intestinal microorgan-isms of breeding animals. [Method] Chicken houses and hog houses were selected a...[Objectives] The paper was to study the effects of probiotics on breeding environment of livestock and poultry and intestinal microorgan-isms of breeding animals. [Method] Chicken houses and hog houses were selected as the research objects. The breeding house supplemented with basal diet was used as the control group;the breeding house sprayed with probiotics product 1 was experimental group 1(exogenous treatment);the basal diet mixed with probiotics product 2 and drinking water mixed with product 3 was experimental group 2(endogenous treatment);and the com-bination of the two experimental groups was experimental group 3. [Results] Experimental groups 1 and 2 reduced the concentration of ammonia in hog houses and chicken houses, and the effect of experimental group 2 was better than that of experimental group 1. Experimental group 3 had the best effect, which significantly reduced the ammonia concentration in hog houses and chicken houses by 28.67% and 34.09%, respectively, and the average ammonia concentration outside the house within the range of 100-300 m was less than 2 mg/m^(3). Moreover, it significantly increased the number of intestinal lactobacillus and reduced the number of Escherichia coli. [Conclusions] Probiotics can effectively reduce the ammonia concentration in livestock and poultry breeding environment, and improve the intestinal microbial structure of breeding animals. The technology of spraying exogenous probiotics combined with the use of content-derived probiotics has great potential for popularization and application.展开更多
As part of their efforts to control water pollution,local governments in China introduced the river chief system,whereby a named individual undertakes responsibility for protecting a specified waterway.As one of the m...As part of their efforts to control water pollution,local governments in China introduced the river chief system,whereby a named individual undertakes responsibility for protecting a specified waterway.As one of the most prominent sources of water pollution,agricultural non-point-source(NPS)pollution is becoming increasingly serious.Determining whether the river chief system,an institutional reform in China's decentralized environmental regulation regime,is effective in alleviating NPS pollution is important for the realization of green development.The effect of the river chief system on reducing agricultural NPS pollution is explored in this study using panel data from 308 Chinese counties during the period from 2004 to 2015.The results reveal that the negative impact of manure output from animal breeding operations on surface water quality is reduced with the implementation of the river chief system.However,the river chief system is ineffective in dealing with the water pollution caused by fertilizer use.Furthermore,in the current system,cooperation among river chiefs only occurs within a province.Local governments should increase their efforts in reducing fertilizer source loads and preventing fertilizer loads from entering surface waters.In addition,the central government should improve cooperation among the river chiefs in upstream and downstream provinces.展开更多
为全面了解畜禽养殖废水领域的研究进展,利用VOSviewer对Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库中2003—2023年畜禽养殖废水相关文献进行统计及可视化分析,通过关键词聚类分析,了解该领域的研究主线及多年变化。结果显示:畜禽养殖废水研究...为全面了解畜禽养殖废水领域的研究进展,利用VOSviewer对Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库中2003—2023年畜禽养殖废水相关文献进行统计及可视化分析,通过关键词聚类分析,了解该领域的研究主线及多年变化。结果显示:畜禽养殖废水研究领域近3年发文量增长迅猛,截至2023年发文量已达4117篇,中国、美国学者对该领域研究的贡献度较高且合作密切;有机物、营养物质、致病菌、重金属和抗生素为畜禽养殖废水处理的主要污染物,其中,重金属和抗生素近年来引起了较多的关注,加强畜禽养殖废水中抗生素的监管与处理具有紧迫性;在时间尺度上的映射发现,畜禽养殖废水主要以生物处理技术为主,关键词microalgae-based wastewater treatment(微藻驱动废水处理)的平均出现年份为2022年,表明其为当前畜禽养殖废水处理的新兴技术。此外,还从污染物种类、处理技术方面探讨了畜禽养殖废水处理研究的不足及未来发展趋势,提出基于可持续发展观的低能耗、抗冲击、高附加值的处理技术可能是未来的研究重点,应在此基础上开发新的水处理技术及应用研究。展开更多
In consideration of the need to maintain planting-breeding balance, this article examines the capacity of the soil in Putian City, Fujian Province to absorb livestock and poultry excreta, and computes the environmenta...In consideration of the need to maintain planting-breeding balance, this article examines the capacity of the soil in Putian City, Fujian Province to absorb livestock and poultry excreta, and computes the environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry farming （ECCLPF） in each district of the city in terms of the fertility characteristics of the soil in the city, as well as its mix of crops cultivated and farming methods. On the basis of the computations, this work proceeds to classify the alarm grades of the city＇s environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry framing, and assess the environmental impact of the livestock and poultry farming industry. The results of our study indicate that, the city＇s ECCLPF ranges from 8.27 to 23.23 heads per ha when computed on the basis of nitrogen, and from 5.79 to 24.53 heads per ha when computed on the basis of phosphorus. A comparison between our research findings and the existing farming scale in Putian reveals that, in certain parts of the city, ECCLPF is overburdened to varying degrees. Specifically, Chengxiang District is severely overburdened, Hanjiang District and Meizhou Island have a level of overburdening between virtual overburdening and significant overburdening, Licheng District is virtually overburdened, and Xiuyu, Xianyou, and Bei＇an Districts have not exceeded their environmental carrying capacity and therefore have varying levels of potential for growth.展开更多
基金funded by the National Water Pollution Control and Management Technology Major Projects (2008ZX07102)
文摘With the enlarging scale and intensifying production of livestock and poultry breeding, the environment pollution becomes increasingly prominent in the Dianchi Lake Basin since 1990s. According to the survey of ＂The First National Census of Pollution Sources＂, occurrence and discharge of pollutants in large-scale livestock and poultry farms in this region were first understood. The pollution characteristics of large-scale live- stock and poultry breeding were also analyzed deeply. On this basis, the significance of pollution control programs for environment protection was investigated from aspects of pollution control policy, technology management and publicity.
基金Supported by Instructive Project of Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Plan(2019Y6005)。
文摘[Objectives] The paper was to study the effects of probiotics on breeding environment of livestock and poultry and intestinal microorgan-isms of breeding animals. [Method] Chicken houses and hog houses were selected as the research objects. The breeding house supplemented with basal diet was used as the control group;the breeding house sprayed with probiotics product 1 was experimental group 1(exogenous treatment);the basal diet mixed with probiotics product 2 and drinking water mixed with product 3 was experimental group 2(endogenous treatment);and the com-bination of the two experimental groups was experimental group 3. [Results] Experimental groups 1 and 2 reduced the concentration of ammonia in hog houses and chicken houses, and the effect of experimental group 2 was better than that of experimental group 1. Experimental group 3 had the best effect, which significantly reduced the ammonia concentration in hog houses and chicken houses by 28.67% and 34.09%, respectively, and the average ammonia concentration outside the house within the range of 100-300 m was less than 2 mg/m^(3). Moreover, it significantly increased the number of intestinal lactobacillus and reduced the number of Escherichia coli. [Conclusions] Probiotics can effectively reduce the ammonia concentration in livestock and poultry breeding environment, and improve the intestinal microbial structure of breeding animals. The technology of spraying exogenous probiotics combined with the use of content-derived probiotics has great potential for popularization and application.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(71742002 and 71934003)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China(PAPD)the China Center for Food Security Studies in Nanjing Agricultural University,China。
文摘As part of their efforts to control water pollution,local governments in China introduced the river chief system,whereby a named individual undertakes responsibility for protecting a specified waterway.As one of the most prominent sources of water pollution,agricultural non-point-source(NPS)pollution is becoming increasingly serious.Determining whether the river chief system,an institutional reform in China's decentralized environmental regulation regime,is effective in alleviating NPS pollution is important for the realization of green development.The effect of the river chief system on reducing agricultural NPS pollution is explored in this study using panel data from 308 Chinese counties during the period from 2004 to 2015.The results reveal that the negative impact of manure output from animal breeding operations on surface water quality is reduced with the implementation of the river chief system.However,the river chief system is ineffective in dealing with the water pollution caused by fertilizer use.Furthermore,in the current system,cooperation among river chiefs only occurs within a province.Local governments should increase their efforts in reducing fertilizer source loads and preventing fertilizer loads from entering surface waters.In addition,the central government should improve cooperation among the river chiefs in upstream and downstream provinces.
文摘为全面了解畜禽养殖废水领域的研究进展,利用VOSviewer对Web of Science(WoS)核心合集数据库中2003—2023年畜禽养殖废水相关文献进行统计及可视化分析,通过关键词聚类分析,了解该领域的研究主线及多年变化。结果显示:畜禽养殖废水研究领域近3年发文量增长迅猛,截至2023年发文量已达4117篇,中国、美国学者对该领域研究的贡献度较高且合作密切;有机物、营养物质、致病菌、重金属和抗生素为畜禽养殖废水处理的主要污染物,其中,重金属和抗生素近年来引起了较多的关注,加强畜禽养殖废水中抗生素的监管与处理具有紧迫性;在时间尺度上的映射发现,畜禽养殖废水主要以生物处理技术为主,关键词microalgae-based wastewater treatment(微藻驱动废水处理)的平均出现年份为2022年,表明其为当前畜禽养殖废水处理的新兴技术。此外,还从污染物种类、处理技术方面探讨了畜禽养殖废水处理研究的不足及未来发展趋势,提出基于可持续发展观的低能耗、抗冲击、高附加值的处理技术可能是未来的研究重点,应在此基础上开发新的水处理技术及应用研究。
基金the Putian Municipal People's Government for funding this research
文摘In consideration of the need to maintain planting-breeding balance, this article examines the capacity of the soil in Putian City, Fujian Province to absorb livestock and poultry excreta, and computes the environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry farming （ECCLPF） in each district of the city in terms of the fertility characteristics of the soil in the city, as well as its mix of crops cultivated and farming methods. On the basis of the computations, this work proceeds to classify the alarm grades of the city＇s environmental carrying capacity for livestock and poultry framing, and assess the environmental impact of the livestock and poultry farming industry. The results of our study indicate that, the city＇s ECCLPF ranges from 8.27 to 23.23 heads per ha when computed on the basis of nitrogen, and from 5.79 to 24.53 heads per ha when computed on the basis of phosphorus. A comparison between our research findings and the existing farming scale in Putian reveals that, in certain parts of the city, ECCLPF is overburdened to varying degrees. Specifically, Chengxiang District is severely overburdened, Hanjiang District and Meizhou Island have a level of overburdening between virtual overburdening and significant overburdening, Licheng District is virtually overburdened, and Xiuyu, Xianyou, and Bei＇an Districts have not exceeded their environmental carrying capacity and therefore have varying levels of potential for growth.
