Individual alcohol consumption by the population of Russia versus regional living conditions

Background:There are substantial regional differences in drinking alcohol in Russia,both at the population and individual levels.However,the causes of these differences have not been studied yet.Objective:The goal of our study was to examine the effect of regional living conditions on individual alcohol consumption by the population of Russia.Methods:For the analysis,we used data from a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted in 2013-2014.The final analytical sample included 18,130 people aged 25-64 years.We conducted the interviews face to face,based on which any drinking in the last year,as well as alcohol abuse,were considered as a response.Alcohol abuse was recorded when the respondent consumed 5.75 or more grams of pure ethanol per day(75th percentile of average daily alcohol consumption among alcohol drinkers).The assessment of the regional living conditions was accomplished via integral indexing,which was previously performed based on publicly available data for 2010-2014.Associations were assessed using generalized scoring equations with unchanging standard errors.The associations were expressed by odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(C).Results:Deterioration of social conditions and increase in demographic depression in the region of residence increased the odds of any drinking(OR 1.51,95%CI:1.33 to 1.72,P<0.001 and OR 1.22,95%CI:1.05 to 1.41,P=0.oo9,respectively).The odds of alcohol abuse increased with the deterioration of social living conditions and the growth of the industrial development in the region:OR 1.35,95%CI:1.14 to 1.59,P<0.001 and OR 1.16,95%CI:1.05 to 1.28,P=0.002,respectively.Conclusion:Our analysis allowed assessing the impact of the regional living conditions on individual drinking alcohol in the population of Russia.

Study on Distribution of Four Pseudomonas Species in Living Environment Using Multiplex PCR

Purpose: The genus Pseudomonas is a ubiquitous microorganism frequently detected from immunocompromised patients. The inherent resistance to numerous antimicrobial agents contributes to the opportunistic character of this pathogen exhaustive monitoring of this pathogen is considered of critical importance to public health organizations. The reliable identification method able to distinguish genetic close Pseudomonas species is needed, because these organisms are difficult to differentiate by phenotypic or biochemical methods. The purpose of the present study was to design species-specific primers in order to identify and detect four Pseudomonas species which are frequently detected from the human oral cavities, and to investigate the distribution of these organisms in the living environment using a multiplex PCR. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were designed based on partial sequences of the rpoD gene of four Pseudomonas species. Swab samples were collected from fifty washstands, and the distribution of Pseudomonas species was investigated using a conventional PCR at genus level and a multiplex PCR at species level. Results: Multiplex PCR method developed in this study was able to distinguish four Pseudomonas species clearly. The genus Pseudomonas was detected from all samples (100%), whereas P. putida, P, aeruginosa, P. stutzeri and P. fluorescens were detected at 44%, 8%, 4% and 2% in fifty swab samples, respectively. Conclusion: Our developed one-step multiplex PCR method is accurate, specific, cost-effective, time-saving, and works without requiring DNA extraction. It was indicated that washstands were the uninhabitable environment for P. putida, P, aeruginosa, P. stutzeri and P. fluorescens.

Living environment shaped residents’willingness to pay for ecosystem services in Yangtze River Middle Reaches Megalopolis,China

Profound understanding on the diversity of local residents’willingness to pay(WTP)for ecosystem services(ESs)may aid evaluation of policy impacts by uncovering trade-offs and synergies for achieving sustainable environmental resource management.However,the reasons for the spatial preference heterogeneity of WTP are still unclear.In this study,an extensive survey with 4,580 residents in the Yangtze River Middle Reaches Megalopolis(YRMRM),central China,was carried out to investigate the public’s WTP to maintain and improve ESs.We identified key influencing factors and explored how they shaped the preference heterogeneity in WTP by random forest model and surface fitting method.Our results showed that 81.4% of residents reported WTP for ESs greater than zero.Water supply,waste treatment,food supply and raw material supply were the preferred ESs for residents.Living environment factors(i.e.,extent of farmland,water and forest near the residence)were found as the key drivers of WTP.Proximity to farmland,water and forests resulted in high WTP values for a series of specific ESs.The reasons for the heterogeneity of WTP are(1)the difference in proximity to farmland,water and forest(i.e.,the contributor to ESs),(2)the divergence of local residents’preferences for ESs.This study disclosed the heterogeneity and causes of public preferences in YRMRM,which could help policy and decision makers to develop eco-compensation initiatives towards conservative and sustainable use of the environmental resources.

Question and Countermeasure Research of Human Living Environment Designs in New Countries

In the view of new rural living environment,problems existing in the construction of current new rural living environment were analyzed so as to propose some theoretical ideas and ways for resolving the problems existing in the design of new rural living environment.

Characteristics and Trends of Urban Waterfront Human Settlements Based on CiteSpace

Urban waterfront human settlements have gradually become a hot topic for research in recent years.Using CiteSpace,597 publications from 2017 to 2023 that were retrieved from the Web of Science were analyzed and sorted out,and the following characteristics were found:(1)The research hotspots transitioned from thermal comfort evaluation to the functional mechanism of water bodies,and then to the impact on the environment and residents’behavior.(2)The integration of disciplines has promoted the diversification of perspectives on urban waterfront human settlements,and the content has become more concentrated in interdisciplinary fields.Research on corresponding technology and methods of urban waterfront human settlement has improved,and so has the extensiveness of the experiments.(3)The research on urban waterfront human settlement from the perspective of ecology has been improving.The research focuses more on the harmonious coexistence of ecological and cultural values and human beings.

The Optimization and Thinking about Traditional Living Environment of the Tibetan Gongbu Culture——In the Case of Juemu Village on the Side of the Niyang River

Based on the problems of traditional living environment of the Tibetan Gongbu culture and the concept of inheriting the Tibetan Gongbu culture and the harmonious coexistence of environment and human,living environment design of Juemu Village on the side of the Niyang River is optimized. It adheres to the importance of traditional culture,and especially emphasizes the layout of buildings with Tibetan style and their surrounding,function optimization,and the plant design,thereby exploring and attempting planning method of Tibetan living environment under the background of new rural construction.

Research on Landscape System of Traditional Living Environment in Jingzhou

With the aid of the research method of land landscape,on the basis of briefly analyzing the construction process of regional traditional living environment in Jingzhou,a hierarchical analysis of the regional landscape system was carried out from the aspects of natural landscape,water conservancy construction,agricultural production and urban construction,and the overall pattern of traditional living environment landscape system in Jingzhou was summarized to provide new ideas for the exploration of landscape system.In view of the many problems in the current urban development of Jingzhou,the enlightenment of traditional human settlement experience and wisdom in Jingzhou to the current urban construction of Jingzhou was summarized to provide an example reference for building a living environment that integrates mountains,water and a city.

Living Environment and Hypercholesterolemia: Case of Mono and Couffo Departments, Benin, in 2015

Introduction: Studies conducted in Benin have often not emphasized the living environment underlying hypercholesterolemia. The objective was to study the prevalence and factors associated with hypercholesterolemia in the Mono and Couffo departments in 2015 with consideration of the living environment. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical aim that involved 2490 subjects aged 18 - 69 years, selected using a three-stage randomized sampling technique. Data were collected using the Personal Digital Assistant (WHO STEPS instrument) and analyzed according to STEPS recommendations using Epi-Info7.1.5.0 and SPSS20 software. The Chi-square test was used to compare proportions and the difference was considered significant for p < 0.05. Results: Out of 2490 respondents, 60.20% were women. The mean age was 36.14 ± 12.82 years. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 4.7% (95% CI: [3.88 - 5.54]) and lower in the Couffo. Factors associated with hypercholesterolemia after multivariate analysis were harmful alcohol consumption, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, obesity and overweight. Conclusions: Living environment was found to be one of the important factors to consider in strategies to control hypercholesterolemia in the Mono and Couffo departments.

Impacts of Rapid Urbanization to Traditional Living Environment and Community Linkage in Historic Old Quarters of Vietnam： A Case Study on Gia Hoi Area in Hue City, Central Vietnam

Though with slight ups and downs, Vietnamese economies have been flourishing for recent decades. Just like other remaining historical districts in Asia, those of Vietnam have been going through rapid urbanization and transformation. The rapid urbanization impacts on traditional living environment. This paper examines the impacts of rapid urbanization to traditional living environment and community linkage, illustrating a case study of the Gia Hoi area of the historic old district in the city of Hue in Central Vietnam. To identify the impacts, a comparative analysis is conducted between neighbors along a main street which were more impacted by urbanization and those along a small alley which were less impacted. Through the analysis of field and questionnaire surveys, it found out that socioeconomic conditions, in particular, community linkage of households along main street and small ally varied significantly. It argues that in historical district, social capital is not well-spread, but rather concentrated along small allies, and small allies play an important role for sustainable community.

Green-Color World Creates for You a New Living Environment

Shenzhen Green-Color World LandscapeHorticultural Research and DevelopmentCo., Ltd., is a high and new technologyenterprise. Its operations include cross-breeding grouped flowers, the design and imple-mentation of horticultural projects,

MEEMSAL Theory for an Effective Fight against Insalubrity

Insalubrity is an environmental problem that undermines the living environment as well as the health of populations. The 2016 WHO press release indicated that environmental unsanitary conditions cause 12.6 million deaths per year. This alarming number of deaths is enough to justify the imperative need to fight against any source of insalubrity on a planetary scale. One of the effective strategies for combating any form of insalubrity is the MEEMSAL (an acronym for “Mon Espace d’Evolution Mon SALon”) theory. According to this theory, the eradication of insalubrity and all other forms of anthropogenic pollution must start at school by training learners in eco-citizen education. It is demonstrated in this work that the application of the foundations of the present theory makes it possible to form MEEMSAL generations, some of which will be the future elites and decision-makers of our different nations, which in the long term, will create a healthy environment on a global scale. .

Construction of Urban Overall Water Environment in Xi'an City

[Objective] The aim was to study on construction of overall water environment in Xi＇an. [Method] The study discussed necessity and basic principles of over-all restoration and construction of ＂Chang＇an Eight Water＂ from urban planning, and explored related methods from long term planning and concrete construction approaches. [Result] The study proposed that urban landscape substrates of ＂Chang＇ an Eight Water＂ should be restored based on overall planning about urban water environment, change of linear metabolism, and construction of drainage circulation system. Furthermore, self-circulation and purification of rainfall and sewage could be made use of there in view of present urban water environment. In addition, urban ＂metabolism＂ should be restored progressively to improve urban environment with consideration of water catchment, storage, and diversion. [Conclusion] We should take the initiative to catch the special opportunity to build Xi＇an into an international metropolis with overall planning, designing and implementation, which will be conducive to reconstruction of water system and pleasant surroundings, and to presentation of urban ecosystem and context in ＂Chang＇an Eight Water＂, providing many opportunities for urban development.

Integration of Ecology and Culture in Environment Creation of Residential District——A Case Study of Landscape Design of Group A in Urban Paradise in Nanning

To create a graceful living environment is the core responsibility of landscape designers in the designing process of residential environment. Residential environment design should pay attention to correctly involving cultural feature and environmental and ecological elements which should be integrated in certain living environment through a good design method, so as to reflect landscape designers’ concern on the urban living space. Taking the buildings of Urban Paradise (Paradise in Chinese literature is also called Taohua Yuan, that is, Land of Peach Blossom, originated from the essay by TAO Yuan-ming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty) in Nanning City for example, the research investigated how to integrate ecology and culture in the environment creation of residential district.

Postischemic Housing Environment on Cerebral Metabolism and Neuron Apoptosis after Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles of different housing environments in neurological function, cerebral metabolism, cerebral infarction and neuron apoptosis after focal cerebral ischemia. Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group （CG） and cerebral ischemia group, and the latter was further divided into subgroups of different housing conditions： standard environment （SE） subgroup, individual living environment （IE） subgroup, and enriched environment （EE） subgroup. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO）. Beam walking test was used to quantify the changes of overall motor function. Cerebral infarction and cerebral metabolism were studied by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging and 1H-magnetic resonance spectra, respectively. Neuron necrosis and apoptosis were detected by hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining methods, respectively. The results showed that performance on the beam-walk test was improved in EE subgroup when compared to SE subgroup and IE subgroup. Cerebral infarct volume in IE subgroup was significantly larger than that in SE subgroup （P〈0.05） and EE subgroup （P〈0.05） on day 14 after MCAO. NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios were lower in MCAO groups under different housing conditions as compared to those in CG （P〈0.05）. NAA/Cr ratio was lower in IE subgroup （P〈0.05） and higher in EE subgroup （P〈0.05） than that in SE subgroup. NAA/ Cr ratio in EE was significantly higher than that in IE subgroup （P〈0.05）. Cho/Cr ratio was decreased in MCAO groups as compared to that in CG （P〈0.05）. A significant decrease in normal neurons in cerebral cortex was observed in MCAO groups as compared to CG （P〈0.05）. The amount of normal neurons was less in IE subgroup （P〈0.05）, and more in EE subgroup （P〈0.05） than that in SE subgroup after MCAO. The amotmt of normal neurons in EE subgroup was significantly more than that in IE subgroup after MCAO （P〈0.05）. The ratio of TUNEL-positive neurons in EE was significantly lower than that in SE subgroup （P〈0.05） and IE subgroup （P〈0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that the beam walking test was negatively correlated with NAA/Cr ratio （P〈0.05）. Cerebral infarct volume was negatively correlated with both NAA/Cr ratio （P〈0.01） and Cho/Cr ratio （P〈0.01）. The amount of normal cortical neurons was positively correlated with both NAA/Cr ratio （P〈0.0I） and Cho/Cr ratio （P〈0.05）. The TUNEL-positive neurons showed a negative correlation with both NAA/Cr ratio （P〈0.01） and Cho/Cr ratio （P〈0.01）. This study goes further to show that EE may improve neurological functional deficit and cerebral metabolism, decrease cerebral infarct volume, neuron necrosis and apoptosis, while IE may aggravate brain damage after MCAO.

City Health Examination in China:A Methodology and Empirical Study

National urban planning,construction,and management levels have undergone qualitative changes in China since 2000.Nonetheless,problems caused by rapid urbanization are becoming increasingly prominent.The concept of the city health examination appears to tackle these problems and is being gradually implemented,starting from the implementation of a national strategy and leading to the concrete practice of high-quality urban development.This paper elaborates on the basic philosophy and theory of the city health examination,briefly explains indicator selection and aims,and comprehensively illustrates examination methods.It then describes the empirical research that operationalized the dataset collected from a satisfaction survey administered during the 2020 city health examination.It aims to provide a reference for the standardization,specialization,analysis,and application of the results of the city health examination in China;this may help promote a smooth elimination of‘urban diseases’and allow for the development of high-quality livable cities.This research shows that city residents are generally more satisfied with the landscape features,ecological livability,and security resilience;it also shows that residents are generally more dissatisfied with traffic issues.Residents with different characteristics showed different satisfaction levels toward different indicators.Residents were also shown to be more sensitive to innovation vitality,ecological livability,and health and comfort in considering whether to stay in their current city.

Modeling and of Diatom Mud in Residential Space and the Application Scenario Research

Our original ecological diatom mud qualities as a starting point for research, analyzes people’s consumption concept, aesthetics, environmental protection awareness. This article describes the basics and the origin of diatom mud, diatom mud analyzes the features, functions and defects, the diatom mud paint and wallpaper were compared to explain the process and the market situation diatom mud, silicon Prospects algae mud were discussed. Through analysis of this environmentally friendly decorative paint diatom mud, summed diatom mud there are some problems in the conventional construction; through research and exploration of the diatom mud module series is proposed in the form of modules forming diatom mud can serialization assembly decorative product design concept.

Implementing a Rainwater Sustainable Control in SaheI-Feedback from ＂Niayes＂ Zone of Dakar

Dakar area landscape is mainly characterized by the existence of the ＂niaye＂-or agricultural depressions located in the sand dunes system. In these depressions, the top-table of quaternary sand groundwater reaches or overflows the soil surface. Because of a recent groundwater level drop, some of the niayes have become runoff-gathering sites. This water ensures various economical, environmental and social services, i.e. urban agriculture, drinking water supply of Dakar and formation of ecosystems supporting biodiversity. Given that rainwater infiltration is the only natural ＂input＂, conception and implemention of rainwater management PPP （Politics, Plan and Program） must necessarily take into account this interrelationl Nowadays, two acute problems are observed in the Dakar area. On the one hand, the niayes are threatened by a hydrological drying process due to the insufficiency of rainwater refill. On the other hand, the dramatic social pressure on the environment has led to the urbanization of these bottom-lands. Furthermore, because of the pluviometry decrease, a worsening of the nuisances （floods and malaria） related to surface waters occurs. Consequently, an appropriate runoff management should integrate both the ＂risk＂ and ＂resource＂ dimensions, thus allowing the protection of natural resources and a secure living environment. According to the limits of＂classicai＂ solutions, this paper provides approach elements for building a sustainability plan focusing on emergent concerns, which would control rainwater in urbanized zones.

The regional design concepts of geographical features based on natural environment

Regional design is the design method based on the geographical characteristics, and the natural environment is basic factors. This paper puts forward to the regional product design thought patterns and makes some brief comments on its value and social significance of the design, in a long run, with exploratory guiding significance.

Environmental Renewal Strategy of Old Residential Areas:A Case Study of Luochengtou Spinning Machine Yard No.6 of Handan City

Nowadays,China’s urbanization has entered a new stage,paying more attention to the human settlement environment.The urban environment has been greatly improved,with a new look.However,the contradiction between the old city and the new city has gradually become prominent.The old residential area is the basic composition of the old city.Some old residential areas are in disrepair for a long time,and the supporting facilities are imperfect.There are problems such as single style,chaotic layout,hidden quality hazards,etc.,which are difficult to meet the living standards of modern residents.To solve this problem,from the aspects of the levels involved in the renewal and reconstruction of old residential areas,it should repair the building quality,optimize the housing function and increase the residents’happiness.Based on reconstruction of old residential areas in Congtai District of Handan City,Luochengtou Spinning Machine Yard No.6 of Handan City is taken as the research object.Common strategies in the reconstruction of old residential areas are explored,and the existing problems are updated and transformed.The research could provide reference for renewal design of old residential areas.

Associative cultural landscape approach to interpreting traditional ecological wisdom:A case of Inuit habitat

Global climate change and the accelerated melting of glaciers have raised concerns about the ability to manage ice-snow environments.Historically,human ancestors have mastered the ecological wisdom of working with ice-snow environments,but the phenomenon has not yet been articulated in cultural landscape methodologies that emphasize“nature-culture relevance”.The challenging living environment often compels indigenous people to form a strong bond with their surroundings,leading to the creation of long-term ecological wisdom through synergistic relationships with the environment.This ecological environment is conceptualized as a cognitive space in the form of the landscape,with which the aboriginal community norms and individual spirits continually interact.Such interactions generate numerous non-material cultural evidences,such as culture,art,religion,and other ideological aspects of the nation.These evidences symbolize the intellectual outcome of the relationship between humans and the landscape,and they create the“spiritual relevance”through personification and contextualization.The aim of the study is to explore the traditional ecological wisdom of the Inuit people who live in the harsh Arctic,and analyze the Inuit’s interaction with the landscape through the lens of“associative cultural landscape”,and decode the survival experience that the Inuit have accumulated through their long-term synergy with the Arctic environment.The findings focus on the synergy between the Inuit and the ice-snow landscape,examining the knowledge and ecological wisdom that the Inuit acquire from the ice-snow landscape.Our goal is to develop a perspective of the ecological environment from the viewpoint of aboriginal people and establish a methodology,model,and framework for“associative cultural landscape”that incorporates ethnic non-material cultural evidences.From the results,a total of nine models for interpreting traditional Inuit ecological wisdom are generated based on the“diamond model”of“associative cultural landscape”,covering the transition from the physical landscape to a spiritual one and demonstrating the associative role of the landscape in stimulating potential spiritual cognitive abilities in humans.