目的通过16 S rDNA测序探究复方蜥蜴散凝胶对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型大鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法选取无特定病原体(SPF)级SD雄性大鼠,采取随机分组法,分为空白组、模型对照组、复方蜥蜴散凝胶高、中、低剂量组,柳氮磺吡啶组。采用TNBS-乙醇...目的通过16 S rDNA测序探究复方蜥蜴散凝胶对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型大鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法选取无特定病原体(SPF)级SD雄性大鼠,采取随机分组法,分为空白组、模型对照组、复方蜥蜴散凝胶高、中、低剂量组,柳氮磺吡啶组。采用TNBS-乙醇法制备大鼠UC模型,成模后进行结肠组织病理切片苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,取新鲜粪便提取DNA进行高通量16 S rDNA测序分析。结果与空白组比较,模型对照组结肠上皮细胞损伤、脱落,伴有腺体破坏、溃疡等病变,并可见大量的炎性细胞浸润;与模型对照组比较,复方蜥蜴散凝胶高、中、低剂量组和柳氮磺吡啶组结肠组织上皮细胞结构较清晰,炎性细胞浸润明显减少。测序结果显示:模型对照组肠道菌群多样性降低,经复方蜥蜴散凝胶和柳氮磺吡啶片治疗后,菌群多样性增加;菌群组成分析显示:与空白组比较,模型对照组中致病菌属丰度较高,治疗组有益菌占比增高。结论复方蜥蜴散凝胶可调节肠道菌群的多样性,通过增加有益菌,抑制致病菌进而起到治疗UC的作用。展开更多
Climate warming is projected to drive the extinction of approximately one-fifth of the world’s lizard species within the next 60 years(by 2080).However,it remains unclear to what extent and how the global lizard popu...Climate warming is projected to drive the extinction of approximately one-fifth of the world’s lizard species within the next 60 years(by 2080).However,it remains unclear to what extent and how the global lizard population will be affected by this phenomenon on a geographical scale.Furthermore,there is a need to establish a connection between extinction risk and the prioritization of conservation efforts.In this context,we aim to address concerns related to geographically isolated and critically small lizard populations,highlighting why they face an exceptionally high risk of extinction.We also explore the potential for entire populations to vanish without notice.A comprehensive understanding of these factors is essential to inform the prioritization of conservation initiatives aimed at safeguarding lizard populations in tropical countries under future climate change scenarios.展开更多
The present paper reports three lizard fossils from the Middle Pleistocene (493±55 ka B.P.) Qinling caves in Luonan County, Shaanxi, China. Two lacertids reported here, Eumeces sp. (Fig.1, 3～6) and Eremias sp. (...The present paper reports three lizard fossils from the Middle Pleistocene (493±55 ka B.P.) Qinling caves in Luonan County, Shaanxi, China. Two lacertids reported here, Eumeces sp. (Fig.1, 3～6) and Eremias sp. (Fig.1, 7～8) document the geologically first record of the fossil genus from China, and suggested that they are ancestors of modern genus and species in this area. The specimen of Conicodontosaurus is documented a new species: Conicodontosaurus qinlingensis sp. nov. (Fig.1, 1～2).展开更多
The characteristics of modern lizard teeth have often been overlooked as an aid to classification. In order to identify isolated teeth or rows of teeth on the jaws of Quaternary lizard fossils, we observed many modern...The characteristics of modern lizard teeth have often been overlooked as an aid to classification. In order to identify isolated teeth or rows of teeth on the jaws of Quaternary lizard fossils, we observed many modern lizard skulls with complete tooth rows, and thereby discovered that there are different patterns of tooth arrangement which are a significant aid to classification and also valuable in distinguishing lizard tooth fragments or isolated teeth. Our observations suggest that lizard teeth can be divided into three major types: 1) Homodont, pleurodont with single-cusp. This kind of teeth is usually slender and closely spaced. Teeth number 20-30 or more. The smaller-sized lizards, such as Gekkos gecko, G. Japonicus, Eumeces chinensis (Fig.1:A,a), E. xanthi, Leiolopisma tsinlingensis (Fig.1:B,b), L.reevesii, Lygosoma indicum, Platyurus platyurus and Hemidactylus frenatus, have this kind of arrangement. 2) Heterodont, subacrodont or pleurodont, with single-conical cusp teeth at the anterior of the tooth row and with flat-conical bicuspid teeth posteriorly. There are about 18-19 check teeth. Eremias argus (Fig.1:C, c), E.multiocellata and E. brenchltyi have this kind of arrangement. 3) Heterodont, with single-conical cusp teeth in the anterior part of the tooth row and with tricuspid, subacrodont teeth posteriorly. There are vertical grooves between the teeth on the external side of the lower jaw. The fourth tooth in most species is canine-like. There are 16 or less check teeth. The larger-sized lizards, such as Phrynocephalus przewalski, P. frontalis (Fig.1:D,d), Japalura splendida, J. flaviceos(Fig.1:E,e), Calotes versicolor and Leioleps belliana etc. possess this kind of arrangement. Evolutionary trends in lizard teeth are briefly discussed .展开更多
文摘目的通过16 S rDNA测序探究复方蜥蜴散凝胶对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)模型大鼠肠道菌群的影响。方法选取无特定病原体(SPF)级SD雄性大鼠,采取随机分组法,分为空白组、模型对照组、复方蜥蜴散凝胶高、中、低剂量组,柳氮磺吡啶组。采用TNBS-乙醇法制备大鼠UC模型,成模后进行结肠组织病理切片苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,取新鲜粪便提取DNA进行高通量16 S rDNA测序分析。结果与空白组比较,模型对照组结肠上皮细胞损伤、脱落,伴有腺体破坏、溃疡等病变,并可见大量的炎性细胞浸润;与模型对照组比较,复方蜥蜴散凝胶高、中、低剂量组和柳氮磺吡啶组结肠组织上皮细胞结构较清晰,炎性细胞浸润明显减少。测序结果显示:模型对照组肠道菌群多样性降低,经复方蜥蜴散凝胶和柳氮磺吡啶片治疗后,菌群多样性增加;菌群组成分析显示:与空白组比较,模型对照组中致病菌属丰度较高,治疗组有益菌占比增高。结论复方蜥蜴散凝胶可调节肠道菌群的多样性,通过增加有益菌,抑制致病菌进而起到治疗UC的作用。
文摘Climate warming is projected to drive the extinction of approximately one-fifth of the world’s lizard species within the next 60 years(by 2080).However,it remains unclear to what extent and how the global lizard population will be affected by this phenomenon on a geographical scale.Furthermore,there is a need to establish a connection between extinction risk and the prioritization of conservation efforts.In this context,we aim to address concerns related to geographically isolated and critically small lizard populations,highlighting why they face an exceptionally high risk of extinction.We also explore the potential for entire populations to vanish without notice.A comprehensive understanding of these factors is essential to inform the prioritization of conservation initiatives aimed at safeguarding lizard populations in tropical countries under future climate change scenarios.
文摘The present paper reports three lizard fossils from the Middle Pleistocene (493±55 ka B.P.) Qinling caves in Luonan County, Shaanxi, China. Two lacertids reported here, Eumeces sp. (Fig.1, 3～6) and Eremias sp. (Fig.1, 7～8) document the geologically first record of the fossil genus from China, and suggested that they are ancestors of modern genus and species in this area. The specimen of Conicodontosaurus is documented a new species: Conicodontosaurus qinlingensis sp. nov. (Fig.1, 1～2).
文摘The characteristics of modern lizard teeth have often been overlooked as an aid to classification. In order to identify isolated teeth or rows of teeth on the jaws of Quaternary lizard fossils, we observed many modern lizard skulls with complete tooth rows, and thereby discovered that there are different patterns of tooth arrangement which are a significant aid to classification and also valuable in distinguishing lizard tooth fragments or isolated teeth. Our observations suggest that lizard teeth can be divided into three major types: 1) Homodont, pleurodont with single-cusp. This kind of teeth is usually slender and closely spaced. Teeth number 20-30 or more. The smaller-sized lizards, such as Gekkos gecko, G. Japonicus, Eumeces chinensis (Fig.1:A,a), E. xanthi, Leiolopisma tsinlingensis (Fig.1:B,b), L.reevesii, Lygosoma indicum, Platyurus platyurus and Hemidactylus frenatus, have this kind of arrangement. 2) Heterodont, subacrodont or pleurodont, with single-conical cusp teeth at the anterior of the tooth row and with flat-conical bicuspid teeth posteriorly. There are about 18-19 check teeth. Eremias argus (Fig.1:C, c), E.multiocellata and E. brenchltyi have this kind of arrangement. 3) Heterodont, with single-conical cusp teeth in the anterior part of the tooth row and with tricuspid, subacrodont teeth posteriorly. There are vertical grooves between the teeth on the external side of the lower jaw. The fourth tooth in most species is canine-like. There are 16 or less check teeth. The larger-sized lizards, such as Phrynocephalus przewalski, P. frontalis (Fig.1:D,d), Japalura splendida, J. flaviceos(Fig.1:E,e), Calotes versicolor and Leioleps belliana etc. possess this kind of arrangement. Evolutionary trends in lizard teeth are briefly discussed .
