Grain weight and quality are always determined by grain filling.Plant microRNAs have drawn attention as key targets for regulation of grain size and yield.However,the mechanisms that underlie grain size regulation rem...Grain weight and quality are always determined by grain filling.Plant microRNAs have drawn attention as key targets for regulation of grain size and yield.However,the mechanisms that underlie grain size regulation remain largely unclear because of the complex networks that control this trait.Our earlier studies demonstrated that suppressed expression of miR167(STTM/MIM167)substantially increased grain weight.In a field test,the yield increased up to 12.90%-21.94% because of a significantly enhanced grain filling rate.Here,biochemical and genetic analyses revealed the regulatory effects of miR159 on miR167 expression.Further analysis indicated that OsARF12 is the major mediator by which miR167 regulates rice grain filling.Overexpression of OsARF12 produced grain weight and grain filling phenotypes resembling those of STTM/MIM167 plants.Upon in-depth analysis,we found that OsARF12 activates OsCDKF;2 expression by directly binding to the TGTCGG motif in its promoter region.Flow cytometry analysis of young panicles from OsARF12-overexpressing plants and examination of cell number in cdkf;2 mutants verified that OsARF12 positively regulates grain filling and grain size by targeting OsCDKF;2.Moreover,RNA sequencing results suggested that the miR167-OsARF12 module is involved in the cell development process and hormone pathways.OsARF12-overexpressing plants and cdkf;2 mutants exhibited enhanced and reduced sensitivity to exogenous auxin and brassinosteroid(BR)treatment,confirming that targeting of OsCDKF;2 by OsARF12 mediates auxin and BR signaling.Our results reveal that the miR167-OsARF12 module works downstream of miR159 to regulate rice grain filling and grain size via OsCDKF;2 by controlling cell division and mediating auxin and BR signals.展开更多
To satisfy different service requirements of multiple users in the orthogo nal frequency division multiple access wireless local area network OFDMA-WLAN system downlink transmission a resource allocation algorithm bas...To satisfy different service requirements of multiple users in the orthogo nal frequency division multiple access wireless local area network OFDMA-WLAN system downlink transmission a resource allocation algorithm based on fairness and quality of service QoS provisioning is proposed. Different QoS requirements are converted into different rate requirements to calculate the QoSs atisfaction level.The optimization object is revised as a fairness-driven resource optimization function to provide fairness. The complex resource allocation problem is divided into channel allocation and power assignment sub-problems. The sub-problems are solved by the bipartite graph matching and water-filling based method.Compared with other algorithms the proposed algorithm sacrifices less data rate for higher fairnes and QoS satisfaction.The sim ulation results show that the proposed algorithm is capableo fp rovi ding QoS and fairness and performs better in a tradeoff among QoS fairness and data rate.展开更多
In this paper,the Fe:LiNbO 3,Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 and Ce:Mn:LiNbO 3 crystals with n o defect,were grown from melt by Czochraski technique.The two doped LiNbO 3 cry stals were treated by heating reduction in Li 2O 3 powder,an...In this paper,the Fe:LiNbO 3,Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 and Ce:Mn:LiNbO 3 crystals with n o defect,were grown from melt by Czochraski technique.The two doped LiNbO 3 cry stals were treated by heating reduction in Li 2O 3 powder,and Fe:LiNbO 3 crys tals were oxidized in air. The measurments on lattic constants and the absorption spectrum show that the doped crystals’ structure are regular and the optical pr operties are good.The absorption spectra,diffractive efficency,response time,sen sitivity,and photoconduction were measured.The properties of Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 crys tals are η sat =0.25, Sη -1 =16.2mJ/mm 2, τ E/ τ W=6 .5, σ =2.99×10 -17 ;and the properties of Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals are η sat =0.70, Sη -1 =4.6mJ/mm 2, τ E/ τ W=7.2, σ =5. 42×10 -17 . The response speed of two doped LiNbO 3 crystals is faster than that of Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals.The diffractive efficiency was measured to be high er than 80% and with a broad angle range.Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals were oxidized in air in order to make the storage time longer and strength the diffractive effici ency.So it is a good kind of Volume Holographic memory materials.And it is shown in our experiment that Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals is more sensitive to 633nm than Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals,it is more fit for He Ne laser and is a better materials o f Volume Holographic Storge.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,32272014,32001440,31971846,and 31871554)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province-Excellent Youth Fund(222300420049)+2 种基金the Central Plains Talents Program of Henan Province(Talent Training Series)-Top Young Talents in Central Plains(ZYY-CYU202012170)the Support Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province(21HAS-TIT037)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682294).
文摘Grain weight and quality are always determined by grain filling.Plant microRNAs have drawn attention as key targets for regulation of grain size and yield.However,the mechanisms that underlie grain size regulation remain largely unclear because of the complex networks that control this trait.Our earlier studies demonstrated that suppressed expression of miR167(STTM/MIM167)substantially increased grain weight.In a field test,the yield increased up to 12.90%-21.94% because of a significantly enhanced grain filling rate.Here,biochemical and genetic analyses revealed the regulatory effects of miR159 on miR167 expression.Further analysis indicated that OsARF12 is the major mediator by which miR167 regulates rice grain filling.Overexpression of OsARF12 produced grain weight and grain filling phenotypes resembling those of STTM/MIM167 plants.Upon in-depth analysis,we found that OsARF12 activates OsCDKF;2 expression by directly binding to the TGTCGG motif in its promoter region.Flow cytometry analysis of young panicles from OsARF12-overexpressing plants and examination of cell number in cdkf;2 mutants verified that OsARF12 positively regulates grain filling and grain size by targeting OsCDKF;2.Moreover,RNA sequencing results suggested that the miR167-OsARF12 module is involved in the cell development process and hormone pathways.OsARF12-overexpressing plants and cdkf;2 mutants exhibited enhanced and reduced sensitivity to exogenous auxin and brassinosteroid(BR)treatment,confirming that targeting of OsCDKF;2 by OsARF12 mediates auxin and BR signaling.Our results reveal that the miR167-OsARF12 module works downstream of miR159 to regulate rice grain filling and grain size via OsCDKF;2 by controlling cell division and mediating auxin and BR signals.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2012ZX03004005-003)the National Natural Science Foundationof China(No.61171081,61201175)the Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2011187)
文摘To satisfy different service requirements of multiple users in the orthogo nal frequency division multiple access wireless local area network OFDMA-WLAN system downlink transmission a resource allocation algorithm based on fairness and quality of service QoS provisioning is proposed. Different QoS requirements are converted into different rate requirements to calculate the QoSs atisfaction level.The optimization object is revised as a fairness-driven resource optimization function to provide fairness. The complex resource allocation problem is divided into channel allocation and power assignment sub-problems. The sub-problems are solved by the bipartite graph matching and water-filling based method.Compared with other algorithms the proposed algorithm sacrifices less data rate for higher fairnes and QoS satisfaction.The sim ulation results show that the proposed algorithm is capableo fp rovi ding QoS and fairness and performs better in a tradeoff among QoS fairness and data rate.
文摘In this paper,the Fe:LiNbO 3,Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 and Ce:Mn:LiNbO 3 crystals with n o defect,were grown from melt by Czochraski technique.The two doped LiNbO 3 cry stals were treated by heating reduction in Li 2O 3 powder,and Fe:LiNbO 3 crys tals were oxidized in air. The measurments on lattic constants and the absorption spectrum show that the doped crystals’ structure are regular and the optical pr operties are good.The absorption spectra,diffractive efficency,response time,sen sitivity,and photoconduction were measured.The properties of Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 crys tals are η sat =0.25, Sη -1 =16.2mJ/mm 2, τ E/ τ W=6 .5, σ =2.99×10 -17 ;and the properties of Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals are η sat =0.70, Sη -1 =4.6mJ/mm 2, τ E/ τ W=7.2, σ =5. 42×10 -17 . The response speed of two doped LiNbO 3 crystals is faster than that of Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals.The diffractive efficiency was measured to be high er than 80% and with a broad angle range.Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals were oxidized in air in order to make the storage time longer and strength the diffractive effici ency.So it is a good kind of Volume Holographic memory materials.And it is shown in our experiment that Ce:Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals is more sensitive to 633nm than Fe:LiNbO 3 crystals,it is more fit for He Ne laser and is a better materials o f Volume Holographic Storge.
