Examining the direct and indirect effects of climatic factors on vegetation growth is critical to understand the complex linkage between climate change and vegetation dynamics. Based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging...Examining the direct and indirect effects of climatic factors on vegetation growth is critical to understand the complex linkage between climate change and vegetation dynamics. Based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) data and meteorological data(temperature and precipitation) from 2001 to 2012, the trend of vegetation dynamics were examined in the Ziya-Daqing basins, China. The path analysis was used to obtain the information on the relationships among climatic factors and their effects on vegetation growth. It was found that the trends of growing season NDVI were insignificant in most plain dry land, while the upward trends were significant in forest, grass and dry land in Taihang Mountains. According to the path analysis, in 23% of the basins the inter-annual NDVI variation was dominated by the direct effect of precipitation, in 5% by the direct effects of precipitation and temperature, and in less than 1% by the direct effect of temperature or indirect effects of these two climatic factors. It indicated that precipitation significantly affected the vegetation growth in the whole basins, and this effect was not regulated by temperature. Precipitation increase(especially in July, August and September) was favorable to greenness enhancement. Summer temperature rising showed negative effect on plant productivity enhancement, but temperature rise in April was beneficial for the vegetation growth. When April temperature increases by 1℃, the onset date of greenness for natural vegetation will be 2 days in advance. There was a lag-time effect of precipitation or temperature on monthly NDVI for all land use types except grass.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the influence of electroacupuncture on auditory evoked potential index （AAI） during propofol sedation. Methods： According to propofol effect site concentration, 24 patients for operation ...Objective： To investigate the influence of electroacupuncture on auditory evoked potential index （AAI） during propofol sedation. Methods： According to propofol effect site concentration, 24 patients for operation were randomly allocated to group 1 （1.0 μg/mL）, group 2 （1. 5μg/mL） and group 3 （2.0 μg/mL）. Propofol was administered intravenously, points Hegu （LI4） and Neiguan （PC6） were electro-acupunctured, and changes in AAI were recorded. Results： AAI significantly rose in all groups during the initial several minutes after electro-acupuncture and significantly fell in group 2 at 20 min after electro-acupuncture（P〈 0.05）.Conclusion： AAI can sensitively reflect pain response during electro-acupuncture and electro-acupuncture can strengthen propofol sedation at its medium concentration.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471026,31171451)Strategic Science and Technology Program in the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan of Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2012ZD003)
文摘Examining the direct and indirect effects of climatic factors on vegetation growth is critical to understand the complex linkage between climate change and vegetation dynamics. Based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) data and meteorological data(temperature and precipitation) from 2001 to 2012, the trend of vegetation dynamics were examined in the Ziya-Daqing basins, China. The path analysis was used to obtain the information on the relationships among climatic factors and their effects on vegetation growth. It was found that the trends of growing season NDVI were insignificant in most plain dry land, while the upward trends were significant in forest, grass and dry land in Taihang Mountains. According to the path analysis, in 23% of the basins the inter-annual NDVI variation was dominated by the direct effect of precipitation, in 5% by the direct effects of precipitation and temperature, and in less than 1% by the direct effect of temperature or indirect effects of these two climatic factors. It indicated that precipitation significantly affected the vegetation growth in the whole basins, and this effect was not regulated by temperature. Precipitation increase(especially in July, August and September) was favorable to greenness enhancement. Summer temperature rising showed negative effect on plant productivity enhancement, but temperature rise in April was beneficial for the vegetation growth. When April temperature increases by 1℃, the onset date of greenness for natural vegetation will be 2 days in advance. There was a lag-time effect of precipitation or temperature on monthly NDVI for all land use types except grass.
文摘Objective： To investigate the influence of electroacupuncture on auditory evoked potential index （AAI） during propofol sedation. Methods： According to propofol effect site concentration, 24 patients for operation were randomly allocated to group 1 （1.0 μg/mL）, group 2 （1. 5μg/mL） and group 3 （2.0 μg/mL）. Propofol was administered intravenously, points Hegu （LI4） and Neiguan （PC6） were electro-acupunctured, and changes in AAI were recorded. Results： AAI significantly rose in all groups during the initial several minutes after electro-acupuncture and significantly fell in group 2 at 20 min after electro-acupuncture（P〈 0.05）.Conclusion： AAI can sensitively reflect pain response during electro-acupuncture and electro-acupuncture can strengthen propofol sedation at its medium concentration.
