Due to the nonlinearity of the reactor power system, the load tracking situation is closely related to the initial steady-state power and the final steady-state power after the introduction of the state feedback contr...Due to the nonlinearity of the reactor power system, the load tracking situation is closely related to the initial steady-state power and the final steady-state power after the introduction of the state feedback controller. Therefore, when the initial power and the final stable power are determined, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to find the optimal controller parameters to minimize the load tracking error. Since there are many combinations of initial stable power and final stable power, it is not possible to find the optimal controller parameters for all combinations, so the neural network is used to take the final stable power and the initial stable power as input, and the optimal controller parameters as the output. This method obtains the optimal state feedback controller switching control method can achieve a very excellent load tracking effect in the case of continuous power change, in the power change time point, the response is fast, in the controller parameter switching time point, the actual power does not fluctuate due to the change of controller parameters. .展开更多
In this paper, we focus on the estimation of time delays caused by adversaries in the sensing loop (SL). Based on the literature review, time delay switch (TDS) attacks could make any control system, in particular a p...In this paper, we focus on the estimation of time delays caused by adversaries in the sensing loop (SL). Based on the literature review, time delay switch (TDS) attacks could make any control system, in particular a power control system, unstable. Therefore, future smart grids will have to use advanced methods to provide better situational awareness of power grid states keeping smart grids reliable and safe from TDS attacks. Here, we introduce a simple method for preventing time delay switch attack on networked control systems. The method relies on an estimator that will estimate and track time delays introduced by an adversary. Knowing the maximum tolerable time delay of the plant’s optimal controller for which the plant remains stable, a time-delay detector issues an alarm signal when the estimated time delay is larger than the minimum one and directs the system to alarm state. In an alarm state, the plant operates under the control of an emergency controller that is local to the plant and remains in this mode until the networked control system state is restored. This method is an inexpensive and simple way to guarantee that an industrial control system remains stable and secure.展开更多
Analyzes the mechanism of overvoltage when contactless tap changer switch which is applied in distributing transformer converted directly.When the device convert the tap off,it employs the way that the SSR is switche...Analyzes the mechanism of overvoltage when contactless tap changer switch which is applied in distributing transformer converted directly.When the device convert the tap off,it employs the way that the SSR is switched on when voltage through zero and switched off when current through zero.But in the experiment we found that overvoltage will occur in the process of changing tap changer.The paper illustrates the mechanism of overvoltage in theory by analyzing the equivalent circuit and using analytic method of transition process.展开更多
四开关Buck-Boost(FSBB)变换器采用四模式工作,有效降低了输入电压接近输出电压时电感电流的平均值,缓解了单模式控制、双模式控制和三模式控制效率低的问题。然而,传统的软开关或恒频硬开关控制方式难以在全负载范围内保持高效率工作...四开关Buck-Boost(FSBB)变换器采用四模式工作,有效降低了输入电压接近输出电压时电感电流的平均值,缓解了单模式控制、双模式控制和三模式控制效率低的问题。然而,传统的软开关或恒频硬开关控制方式难以在全负载范围内保持高效率工作。提出了一种新颖的变频控制策略,以提高宽负载范围内的效率。轻载时采用高频软开关控制,重载时采用低频硬开关控制,以提高宽负载范围下的整体效率。基于四模式FSBB的损耗模型,提出了针对负载电流的变频控制,并给出了详细的损耗分析。为验证分析的正确性,搭建了一台5 k W的实验样机。实验结果表明,在宽负载范围内,通过频率变化实现软开关和硬开关相结合的变频控制方式有效优化了整体效率,峰值效率达到98.5%。展开更多
文摘Due to the nonlinearity of the reactor power system, the load tracking situation is closely related to the initial steady-state power and the final steady-state power after the introduction of the state feedback controller. Therefore, when the initial power and the final stable power are determined, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to find the optimal controller parameters to minimize the load tracking error. Since there are many combinations of initial stable power and final stable power, it is not possible to find the optimal controller parameters for all combinations, so the neural network is used to take the final stable power and the initial stable power as input, and the optimal controller parameters as the output. This method obtains the optimal state feedback controller switching control method can achieve a very excellent load tracking effect in the case of continuous power change, in the power change time point, the response is fast, in the controller parameter switching time point, the actual power does not fluctuate due to the change of controller parameters. .
文摘In this paper, we focus on the estimation of time delays caused by adversaries in the sensing loop (SL). Based on the literature review, time delay switch (TDS) attacks could make any control system, in particular a power control system, unstable. Therefore, future smart grids will have to use advanced methods to provide better situational awareness of power grid states keeping smart grids reliable and safe from TDS attacks. Here, we introduce a simple method for preventing time delay switch attack on networked control systems. The method relies on an estimator that will estimate and track time delays introduced by an adversary. Knowing the maximum tolerable time delay of the plant’s optimal controller for which the plant remains stable, a time-delay detector issues an alarm signal when the estimated time delay is larger than the minimum one and directs the system to alarm state. In an alarm state, the plant operates under the control of an emergency controller that is local to the plant and remains in this mode until the networked control system state is restored. This method is an inexpensive and simple way to guarantee that an industrial control system remains stable and secure.
基金Harbin science an technology officecontract num ber is 0 0 112 110 98
文摘Analyzes the mechanism of overvoltage when contactless tap changer switch which is applied in distributing transformer converted directly.When the device convert the tap off,it employs the way that the SSR is switched on when voltage through zero and switched off when current through zero.But in the experiment we found that overvoltage will occur in the process of changing tap changer.The paper illustrates the mechanism of overvoltage in theory by analyzing the equivalent circuit and using analytic method of transition process.
文摘四开关Buck-Boost(FSBB)变换器采用四模式工作,有效降低了输入电压接近输出电压时电感电流的平均值,缓解了单模式控制、双模式控制和三模式控制效率低的问题。然而,传统的软开关或恒频硬开关控制方式难以在全负载范围内保持高效率工作。提出了一种新颖的变频控制策略,以提高宽负载范围内的效率。轻载时采用高频软开关控制,重载时采用低频硬开关控制,以提高宽负载范围下的整体效率。基于四模式FSBB的损耗模型,提出了针对负载电流的变频控制,并给出了详细的损耗分析。为验证分析的正确性,搭建了一台5 k W的实验样机。实验结果表明,在宽负载范围内,通过频率变化实现软开关和硬开关相结合的变频控制方式有效优化了整体效率,峰值效率达到98.5%。
