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A Knowledge-based System for the Analysis of the Ability of Paying back Loans 被引量:1
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作者 Zhu Ming(朱明) +1 位作者 Yang Baoan(杨保安) 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2001年第1期123-126,共4页
This paper describes the development of a knowledgebased system (KBS) for determining whether or not, and under what conditions, a bank Ioan officer should grant a business loan to a company. The prototype system deve... This paper describes the development of a knowledgebased system (KBS) for determining whether or not, and under what conditions, a bank Ioan officer should grant a business loan to a company. The prototype system developed focuses on what is bank loans risks management, how to prevent risk by the analysis of the ability of paying back loans. The paper makes the structural analysis involved in the system's decision situation, the structured situation diagram or model, dependency diagram and the document needed by the KBS prototype system thus are developed. Through testing the samples from loan business, the quality for the analysis of the ability of paying back loans can be effectively evaluated by the KBS prototype system. 展开更多
关键词 KNOWLEDGE-BASED system (KBS) the KBS prototype system the ABILITY of paying BACK loans bank loanS risk management.
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Intelligent Decision Support System for Bank Loans Risk Classification 被引量:1
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作者 杨保安 马云飞 俞莲 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2001年第2期144-147,共4页
Intelligent Decision Support System (IISS) for Bank Loans Risk Classification (BLRC), based on the way of integration Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Expert System (ES), is proposed. According to the feature of BL... Intelligent Decision Support System (IISS) for Bank Loans Risk Classification (BLRC), based on the way of integration Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Expert System (ES), is proposed. According to the feature of BLRC, the key financial and non-financial factors are analyzed. Meanwhile, ES and Model Base (MB) which contain ANN are designed . The general framework,interaction and integration of the system are given. In addition, how the system realizes BLRC is elucidated in detail. 展开更多
关键词 BANK loanS Risk Classification Artificial Neural Network ( ANN ) EXPERT system ( ES ) Intelligent Decision Support system (IDSS).
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Designing of Commercial Bank Loans Risk Early Warning System Based on BP Neural Networks 被引量:1
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作者 杨保安 季海 《Journal of China Textile University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2000年第4期110-113,共4页
According to the index early warning method, a commercial bank loans risk early warning system based on BP neural networks is proposed. The warning signal is mainly involved with the financial situation signal of loan... According to the index early warning method, a commercial bank loans risk early warning system based on BP neural networks is proposed. The warning signal is mainly involved with the financial situation signal of loaning corporation. Except the structure description of the system structure the demonstration of attemptive designing is also elaborated. 展开更多
关键词 Index EARLY WARNING Method BP Neural Networks BANK loanS risk management FINANCIAL SITUATION EARLY WARNING Signal
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Review of Arbitral Award of Network Loan and Analysis of Construction of Implementation Review Rules
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作者 Li Guo 《Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies》 2024年第2期32-37,共6页
The network arbitration cases arising from the network lending disputes are pouring into the courts in large numbers.It is reported that the network arbitration system of some arbitration institutions even“can accept... The network arbitration cases arising from the network lending disputes are pouring into the courts in large numbers.It is reported that the network arbitration system of some arbitration institutions even“can accept more than 10,000 cases every day,”while online lending is booming,it has also caused a lot of contradictions and disputes,and traditional dispute resolution methods have failed to effectively respond to the need for efficient and convenient resolution of online lending disputes.This paper tries to study the arbitral award of online loans and proposes the construction of implementation review rules. 展开更多
关键词 Online loan arbitration Execute Review rules CONSTRUCT
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Hybrid 1DCNN-Attention with Enhanced Data Preprocessing for Loan Approval Prediction
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作者 Yaru Liu Huifang Feng 《Journal of Computer and Communications》 2024年第8期224-241,共18页
In order to reduce the risk of non-performing loans, losses, and improve the loan approval efficiency, it is necessary to establish an intelligent loan risk and approval prediction system. A hybrid deep learning model... In order to reduce the risk of non-performing loans, losses, and improve the loan approval efficiency, it is necessary to establish an intelligent loan risk and approval prediction system. A hybrid deep learning model with 1DCNN-attention network and the enhanced preprocessing techniques is proposed for loan approval prediction. Our proposed model consists of the enhanced data preprocessing and stacking of multiple hybrid modules. Initially, the enhanced data preprocessing techniques using a combination of methods such as standardization, SMOTE oversampling, feature construction, recursive feature elimination (RFE), information value (IV) and principal component analysis (PCA), which not only eliminates the effects of data jitter and non-equilibrium, but also removes redundant features while improving the representation of features. Subsequently, a hybrid module that combines a 1DCNN with an attention mechanism is proposed to extract local and global spatio-temporal features. Finally, the comprehensive experiments conducted validate that the proposed model surpasses state-of-the-art baseline models across various performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC. Our proposed model helps to automate the loan approval process and provides scientific guidance to financial institutions for loan risk control. 展开更多
关键词 loan Approval Prediction Deep Learning One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network Attention Mechanism Data Preprocessing
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A Study on the Ideographic Trend of Chinese Loan Words in Translation
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作者 臧国宝 普映山 《海外英语》 2011年第6X期7-8,共2页
Based on the redefinition of Chinese loan words and corresponding types of Chinese loan words, this article makes an initiative hypothesis that nowadays the ideographic trend of Chinese loan words is being hastened to... Based on the redefinition of Chinese loan words and corresponding types of Chinese loan words, this article makes an initiative hypothesis that nowadays the ideographic trend of Chinese loan words is being hastened to a greater degree than before.Depending on the Prototype Models Theory for the types of Chinese loan words, a comprehensive analysis of this trend is made in four aspects:the transfer from transliteration loans to loan translation;the ideographic trend of transliteration loans;the full ideograph of shift loan words;word-for-word translation of loan words. 展开更多
关键词 Chinese loan WORDS types of loan WORDS IDEOGRAPHIC TREND
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宏观审慎政策与房地产系统性风险——基于房地产对银行风险传染的视角
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作者 陈珏津 周晔 王亚梅 《现代金融研究》 北大核心 2025年第1期69-80,共12页
本文基于行业层面的跨国面板数据,研究宏观审慎政策对房地产系统性风险的影响。研究发现,宏观审慎政策的实施能够抑制房地产对银行的系统性风险传染,且主要通过提高银行的贷款质量和防范房价暴跌发挥抑制效应;LTV(贷款价值比)和DSTI(债... 本文基于行业层面的跨国面板数据,研究宏观审慎政策对房地产系统性风险的影响。研究发现,宏观审慎政策的实施能够抑制房地产对银行的系统性风险传染,且主要通过提高银行的贷款质量和防范房价暴跌发挥抑制效应;LTV(贷款价值比)和DSTI(债务收入比)两项政策工具能够较好地抑制来自房地产行业的风险;与宽松的宏观审慎政策相比,紧缩的政策更能发挥抑制房地产系统性风险的效果;宏观审慎政策的风险防范效果受到房地产企业盈利能力和国家金融发展程度的影响。本文还基于中国的市场环境,证实中国的宏观审慎政策在防范房地产系统性风险方面具有良好成效。 展开更多
关键词 宏观审慎政策 系统性风险 房地产 银行贷款
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English Loan Words in Chinese and Their Impact on Chinese
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作者 范金玲 杨雁 《海外英语》 2017年第4期185-187,206,共4页
The development of China has tremendously enhanced the intercultural communication among various nations and ethnic groups. As a result, more and more words are borrowed from English into Chinese to express those west... The development of China has tremendously enhanced the intercultural communication among various nations and ethnic groups. As a result, more and more words are borrowed from English into Chinese to express those western-oriented objects,concepts, values, etc. This paper focuses on English loan words and their impact on Chinese. First, their classification will be presented; then, this paper will elaborate on the main characteristics of them; at last, their lexical as well as cultural impact on Chinese are revealed. Overall, it aims at proving that English loan words help promote the development and innovation of the Chinese language and enhance the performance of different language learners thus facilitating international exchange and crosscultural communication. 展开更多
关键词 English loan words transliterated words lettered words loan-translated words
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Determinants of loan repayment among agricultural microcredit finance group members in Delta state, Nigeria 被引量:3
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作者 Solomon Enimu Emmanuel O.Eyo Eucharia A.Ajah 《Financial Innovation》 2017年第1期303-314,共12页
Background:This study examined the determinants of loan repayment among microcredit finance group members in Delta State,Nigeria.Methods:To capture the determinants of loan repayment in the study area,a total of 48 mi... Background:This study examined the determinants of loan repayment among microcredit finance group members in Delta State,Nigeria.Methods:To capture the determinants of loan repayment in the study area,a total of 48 microcredit groups and 300 microcredit group members were randomly selected through a multi-stage random sampling technique.The study data was collected by questionnaire.Statistical tools such as simple descriptive statistics(table,frequency,percentage and mean)and a multiple regression analysis were used to examine the data.Results:The results indicate that females form a greater proportion of the study area microcredit group members at 70%,moreover 73%of the respondents have a household size of between 6 to 10 persons.These findings revealed that the groups had a mean 8 years of existence with a mean membership size of 13 persons.Further,an average interest rate of 40 percent per annum was charged on loans,with mean loan duration of 6 months.The regression’s result demonstrated that the determinants of the group member’s loan repayment included the group member’s age,household size,house income,and educational level,the amount of credit received,length of stay in their locality,distance to the credit source,supervision and disbursement lag.Conclusion:Therefore it was suggested that the various agricultural microcredit finance groups should carefully examine the significant determinants of loan repayment for the approach’s viability and sustainability and for optimum repayment performance. 展开更多
关键词 Determinants loan repayment MICROCREDIT Groups Members Delta state
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Global Financial Crisis and Accounting Rules: The Implications of the New Exposure Draft (ED) Financial Instruments: Expected Credit Losses on the Evaluation of Banking Company Loans 被引量:11
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作者 Gianluca Risaliti Greta Cestari Mariarita Pierotti 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2013年第9期1141-1162,共22页
During the financial crisis, the delayed recognition of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments was identified as a weakness in existing incurred loss model of impairment stated by International Account... During the financial crisis, the delayed recognition of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments was identified as a weakness in existing incurred loss model of impairment stated by International Accounting Standards (IAS) 39, because it is believed that this delay might generate pro-cyclical effects. In response to the recommendations of G20, Financial Crisis Advisory Group (FCAG), and other international bodies, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has undertaken, since 2009, as a part of the project to replace IAS 39, a project (partially shared with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)) aimed at introducing an expected loss model of impairment. Within the scope of this subset project, the IASB has previously issued two exposure documents proposing models to account for expected credit losses: an exposure draft (ED) Financial Instrument: Amortized Cost and Impairment, published in November 2009, and a supplementary document (SD) Financial Instrument: Impairment, published jointly with the FASB in January 2011. However, neither of the two proposals received strong support from interested parties. Recently, the IASB, after the FASB's decision to withdraw from the joint project and to develop a separate expected credit loss model based on a single measurement approach consisting in the sole recognition of lifetime expected credit losses, published a third proposal--Ahe so-called expected credit losses model (ED/2013/3 Financial Instruments: Expected Credit Losses). 展开更多
关键词 impairment expected credit losses International Accounting Standards (IAS) 39 financial instruments global financial crisis banking company loans credit quality
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Central bank digital currency,loan supply,and bank failure risk:a microeconomic approach 被引量:3
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作者 Jooyong Jun Eunjung Yeo 《Financial Innovation》 2021年第1期1945-1966,共22页
Central bank digital currencies(CBDCs),which are legal tenders in digital form,are expected to reduce currency issuance and circulation costs and broaden the scope of monetary policy.In addition,these currencies may a... Central bank digital currencies(CBDCs),which are legal tenders in digital form,are expected to reduce currency issuance and circulation costs and broaden the scope of monetary policy.In addition,these currencies may also reduce consumers’need for conventional demand deposits,which,in turn,increases banks’loan provision costs because deposits require higher rates of return.We use a microeconomic banking model to investigate the effects of introducing an economy-wide,account-type CBDC on a bank’s loan supply and its failure risk.Given that a CBDC is expected to lower the cost of liquidity circulation and become a strong substitute for demand deposits,both the loan supply and the bank failure risk increase.These increases are countered by subsequent increases in the rates of return on term deposits and loans,which,in turn,reduce the loan supply and thus bank failure risk.These offsetting forces lead to no significant change in banking,as long as the rate of return on loans is below a certain threshold.However,once the rate is above the threshold,bank failure risk increases,thereby undermining banking stability.The problem is more pronounced when the degree of pass-through of funding costs to the loan rate is high and the profitability of a successful project is low.Our results imply that central banks wishing to introduce an economy-wide,account-type CBDC should first monitor yields on bank loans and consider policy measures that induce banks to maintain adequate liquidity reserve levels. 展开更多
关键词 Central bank digital currency Bank failure risk loan supply
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Loan growth and bank solvency:evidence from the Pakistani banking sector 被引量:2
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作者 Muhammad Kashif Syed Faizan Iftikhar Khurram Iftikhar 《Financial Innovation》 2016年第1期292-304,共13页
Background:The dramatic loan growth and changes in the Pakistani banking system in mid-2000s have led to significant research attention on borrowers and lenders.This expansion and diversification in financial sector w... Background:The dramatic loan growth and changes in the Pakistani banking system in mid-2000s have led to significant research attention on borrowers and lenders.This expansion and diversification in financial sector was driven by structural reforms,political stability and significant economic growth.Against this background,this study investigates the loan growth and risk-taking behavior of the banks during the expansionary periods of lending.Method:This study used dynamic two-step system generalized method of moment’s estimation technique,based on data taken from 32 banks in Pakistan over 2006-2014.Result:Loan growth has a significant effect on bank-specific and macroeconomicspecific variables.Loan growth in the previous year raises non-performing loans and decreases the solvency of banks with a time lag of many years.The driving force behind this phenomenon is weak prudential regulation among competitors,the asymmetric information of the borrowers,and,most importantly,that banks underestimate the risk of lending during credit booms.Conclusion:More regulatory measures are required to ensure a strong financial system when the volume of non-performing loan grows significantly.An increase in the capital requirement policy for rapidly growing banks is also needed because the problem of abnormal loan growth cannot be detected at the current time.At the same time,strong supervision is necessary to avoid the adverse consequences of borrower selection. 展开更多
关键词 loan growth Non-performing loans Bank solvency
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Bank loan information and information asymmetry in the stock market:evidence from China 被引量:1
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作者 Yanyi Ye Yun Wang Xiaoguang Yang 《Financial Innovation》 2022年第1期1514-1541,共28页
In this study,we use bank loan information to construct proxies for corporate transparency and examine whether these measures reflect information asymmetry in the stock market.Our analysis is based on a novel dataset ... In this study,we use bank loan information to construct proxies for corporate transparency and examine whether these measures reflect information asymmetry in the stock market.Our analysis is based on a novel dataset of stock transactions and bank loans of all publicly listed firms on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange,covering January 2008 to June 2013.We find that firms with outstanding loans have a lower level of information asymmetry in the stock market,whereas firms with defaulted loans have a higher level of asymmetry.Further evidence demonstrates that the effect of loan default on information asymmetry in the stock market is more pronounced when these loans are borrowed from joint-equity commercial banks or multiple banks and when the default occurs under inactive market conditions.Our results remain robust to a series of endogeneity and sensitivity tests and provide suggestive evidence of a close connection between the credit loan and stock markets. 展开更多
关键词 Bank loan information Information asymmetry Corporate transparency loan default information PIN
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A Review of Rural Policy-favored Petty Loan Forest Property Certificate Mortgage 被引量:1
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作者 Li ZHOU Yuhui LI 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2014年第8期8-11,17,共5页
Studying petty loan forestry property mortgage mode has significant practical meaning in fund-raising and income-increasing in the forest- agriculture industry,restructuring and expanding the industry as well as setti... Studying petty loan forestry property mortgage mode has significant practical meaning in fund-raising and income-increasing in the forest- agriculture industry,restructuring and expanding the industry as well as setting up scientific industrial public policies. On the basis of literature analysis and field research data,this paper will classify and analyze research papers studying in forestry,property mortgage,and therefore draws conclusions on relevant concepts of petty loan forestry property mortgage,economics and property rights theory as well. At present,the studies of petty loan forestry property mortgage are more practical that are lack of an overall theoretical framework. Considering China's real situation of petty loan forestry property mortgage mode,we have investigated some foreign cases in operating forestry property mortgage systemically and some challenges and difficulties confronted by stakeholders in real cases. Therefore,we put forward that in the current period the fund-raising in forestry industry should focus on establishing and improving an overall rural petty loan forestry property mortgage mode. 展开更多
关键词 FOREST PROPERTY CERTIFICATE Small loan MORTGAGE Fu
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Determining pledged loan-to-value ratio:an option pricing perspective 被引量:1
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作者 Ran Zhang Jing Zhang Shuang Xu 《Financial Innovation》 2015年第1期246-258,共13页
Background:We investigated the determination of the pledged loan-to-value ratio in an optionpricing environment and mainly articulated the theoretical framework and analytical method.Methods:The basic idea is that the... Background:We investigated the determination of the pledged loan-to-value ratio in an optionpricing environment and mainly articulated the theoretical framework and analytical method.Methods:The basic idea is that the present value of the pledged loan payoff is equal to a put option’s value.While the interest rate is fixed and the loan is without coupon,we analyzed the pledged loan-to-value ratioin the option pricing perspective and got it that the pledged loan-to-value ratio is decided by term,excessreturn,and the value volatility of the pledge.Next,we extended the same work to coupon loan and portfoliopledge circumstances.For zero coupon and fixed interest rate circumstances,we performed a numericalanalysis.Results:Our results indicate the following:the pledged loan-to-value ratio is a convex decreasing function ofthe term;and the pledged loan-to-value ratio is a concave decreasing function of the value volatility of the pledge;and the pledged loan-to-value ratio is a concave increasing function of the risk premium.For floating interest rate circumstances,we should specify the function form between the loan interest and the risk-free rate.Conclusions:The scientific measurement of the pledged loan-to-value ratio means that simple rules of thumb or the VaR method may lead to mispricing,which could create the possibility of arbitrage.In this way,a new direction for trading derivative products of pledges will be provided. 展开更多
关键词 Pledged loan loan-to-value ratio Put option Term structure of pledged ratio Value volatility of pledge
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An Analysis of the Loan Exit Gaming on Relationship Lending in China 被引量:2
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作者 Zhiyong Shi Bo Zhang 《Chinese Business Review》 2005年第10期64-70,共7页
This paper analyzes the loan exit on relationship lending in China. We define the relationship lending and analyze the value that both banks and borrowers will obtain in relationship lending, as well as some risks the... This paper analyzes the loan exit on relationship lending in China. We define the relationship lending and analyze the value that both banks and borrowers will obtain in relationship lending, as well as some risks they will face, and then analyze the behaviors of loans exit with game theory. Our results suggest that, in general, relationship lending is helpful for the commercial banks and the enterprises to communicate information and enhance financing efficiency, while in the loan exit gaming, only when the decision of loan exit is made authentic promised by the banks, can the relationship lending effectively exert their positive function, and maintain the health cooperation between borrowers and lenders. 展开更多
关键词 relationship lending banking loan management gaming
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Analysis of Risks in the Individual Housing Mortgage Loan with Game Theory
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作者 刘春红 吴晨 《Journal of China Textile University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 1999年第4期81-83,共3页
Through using game theory,a game model of lendingand borrowing money between banks and individuals isestablished to explain how the risks come into being and are transferred in the dynamic point of view.Some sug-gesti... Through using game theory,a game model of lendingand borrowing money between banks and individuals isestablished to explain how the risks come into being and are transferred in the dynamic point of view.Some sug-gestions about how to avoid the risks are proposed. 展开更多
关键词 GAME INDIVIDUAL HOUSING MORTGAGE loan risk
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Framework of pricing a revolver loan in the case of dependent defaults
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作者 詹原瑞 么向华 张雪玉 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 EI CAS 2006年第3期354-359,共6页
In this paper we analyze the main characteristics of correlative clients and the revolver loan and reduced form models for the correlative clients A and B in real-life. This is done by decomposing the default intensit... In this paper we analyze the main characteristics of correlative clients and the revolver loan and reduced form models for the correlative clients A and B in real-life. This is done by decomposing the default intensity into specific default intensity and homogenous default intensity. We also use a mathematical formula of the default joint distribution function and the marginal distribution function in the physical measure to deduce the martingale measure. The modeling idea on pricing the revolver loan with client A is presented by applying reduced form model. Through calculating the cost and income fund flows under the martingale measure, the framework of a “break-even” pricing model is established. The conclusion is that the interest rate of a revolver loan for client A on the “break-even” point is not related to the maximum authorized amount and the drawdown amount at that time under some assumptions, but only rests with credit rating and homogenous default intensity of client A and B as well as loan term of client A. 展开更多
关键词 reduced form models revolver loan dependent default PRICING
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Problems in Development of Micro-credit Loans to Farmers in China and Countermeasures
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作者 Lu TAN 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2014年第5期5-7,10,共4页
There are problems of inadequate natural endowment and weak stamina in the development of micro-credit loans to farmers in China. Specifically,existing problems include narrow profit space,serious non-agricultural tre... There are problems of inadequate natural endowment and weak stamina in the development of micro-credit loans to farmers in China. Specifically,existing problems include narrow profit space,serious non-agricultural trend of funds,high dependence on government support,short life cycle,and constantly increasing operating risks. These problems are related to endogenous drawback in design,defect in operating procedure,lagging in relevant policies and measures,and vacancy in risk compensation mechanism. 展开更多
关键词 MICRO-CREDIT loan to FARMERS Risk compensation MEC
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Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of Rural Households' Credit and Loan Demand——Investigation Based on Jianhu County, Jiangsu Province
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作者 LIU Hua, JI Li School of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2010年第12期70-74,共5页
By using the relevant data from 273 valid questionnaires of rural households in Jianhu County, Jiangsu Province, this study emphasizes on the factors of rural households' credit and loan demand by Probit model. Th... By using the relevant data from 273 valid questionnaires of rural households in Jianhu County, Jiangsu Province, this study emphasizes on the factors of rural households' credit and loan demand by Probit model. The results show that the factors that influencing the credit demand of rural households include the features of the rural households, the economic activities of rural households and so on. Among the factors, the operation expenditure of rural households, the education degree of the household head and the understanding degree of the rural credit policies have great impact on the rural households' credit and loan demand. In the end, the suggestions on the basis of the research are put forward: developing diversified economy; improving rural households' income; increasing the reserve of rural labor resources and enhancing farmers' quality; strengthening the promotion of rural credit cooperative and perfecting the service quality of rural credit cooperative. 展开更多
关键词 RURAL households CREDIT and loan DEMAND Influencin
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