Home mortgage loan lending firms are exposed to many business risks.This paper focuses on the mortgage loan borrower risks and proposes a prospective loss analysis approach in regard to loan repayment defaults of borr...Home mortgage loan lending firms are exposed to many business risks.This paper focuses on the mortgage loan borrower risks and proposes a prospective loss analysis approach in regard to loan repayment defaults of borrowers.For this purpose,a predictive modeling is presented in three stages.In the first stage,occurrence of borrower defaults in a mortgage loans portfolio is modeled through the generalized linear models(GLMs)type regressions for which we specify a logistic distribution for default events.The second stage of modeling develops a survival analysis in order to estimate survival probability and hazard rate functions for individual loans.Ultimately,an expectable loss amount model is presented in the third stage as a function of conditional survival probabilities and corresponding hazard rates at loan levels.Throughout all modeling stages,a large and real data set is used as an empirical analysis case by which detailed interpretations and practical implications of the obtained results are stated.展开更多
This paper analyzes English loan words in Korean language. English words and phrases are largely absorbed into Korean either out of filling lexical gap or at the whim of fashion. These words have been borrowed and ada...This paper analyzes English loan words in Korean language. English words and phrases are largely absorbed into Korean either out of filling lexical gap or at the whim of fashion. These words have been borrowed and adapted orthographically and become a part of Korean language. Some loan words have the same meaning or phonological features as their corresponding words, but some do not. The only real solution to the ＂false friends＂ is to be aware of them, to look out for them, and to learn them. Teachers of English need to raise learners＇ awareness of the existence of English-origin words in fheir mother tongues展开更多
This paper develops a model where two lenders to subprime borrowers compete with the interest rates charged and the severity of loan covenants. The model has a stable equilibrium, which demonstrates how an increase in...This paper develops a model where two lenders to subprime borrowers compete with the interest rates charged and the severity of loan covenants. The model has a stable equilibrium, which demonstrates how an increase in the number of borrowers or an increase in the cost of meeting covenants will reduce the severity of the covenants required by lenders, and each of these changes will increase the difference in the severity of the loan covenant levels. An increase in the expected losses to the lender from relaxing covenants will increase the severity of loan covenants, and this will also make the levels of severity more dispersed. Additional analysis demonstrates how exogenous shifts affect the interest rates charged by the lenders and their profits展开更多
During the process of language contact, a lot of language changes may appear, among which lexical borrowing, the origin lexical item from one language being used by another language, is one of the most common phenomen...During the process of language contact, a lot of language changes may appear, among which lexical borrowing, the origin lexical item from one language being used by another language, is one of the most common phenomena. As a result of globalization, the frequent contact with western culture and the English language has brought a huge amount of lexical borrowings to the Chinese language. This paper mainly looks at the language contact of the English loan words in Chinese in the following three methods, namely transliteration, semantic loan and a mixture of the two respectively. The discussion over the examination will contribute to the understanding of English as a lingua franca and its language contact with Chinese.展开更多
文摘Home mortgage loan lending firms are exposed to many business risks.This paper focuses on the mortgage loan borrower risks and proposes a prospective loss analysis approach in regard to loan repayment defaults of borrowers.For this purpose,a predictive modeling is presented in three stages.In the first stage,occurrence of borrower defaults in a mortgage loans portfolio is modeled through the generalized linear models(GLMs)type regressions for which we specify a logistic distribution for default events.The second stage of modeling develops a survival analysis in order to estimate survival probability and hazard rate functions for individual loans.Ultimately,an expectable loss amount model is presented in the third stage as a function of conditional survival probabilities and corresponding hazard rates at loan levels.Throughout all modeling stages,a large and real data set is used as an empirical analysis case by which detailed interpretations and practical implications of the obtained results are stated.
文摘This paper analyzes English loan words in Korean language. English words and phrases are largely absorbed into Korean either out of filling lexical gap or at the whim of fashion. These words have been borrowed and adapted orthographically and become a part of Korean language. Some loan words have the same meaning or phonological features as their corresponding words, but some do not. The only real solution to the ＂false friends＂ is to be aware of them, to look out for them, and to learn them. Teachers of English need to raise learners＇ awareness of the existence of English-origin words in fheir mother tongues
文摘This paper develops a model where two lenders to subprime borrowers compete with the interest rates charged and the severity of loan covenants. The model has a stable equilibrium, which demonstrates how an increase in the number of borrowers or an increase in the cost of meeting covenants will reduce the severity of the covenants required by lenders, and each of these changes will increase the difference in the severity of the loan covenant levels. An increase in the expected losses to the lender from relaxing covenants will increase the severity of loan covenants, and this will also make the levels of severity more dispersed. Additional analysis demonstrates how exogenous shifts affect the interest rates charged by the lenders and their profits
文摘During the process of language contact, a lot of language changes may appear, among which lexical borrowing, the origin lexical item from one language being used by another language, is one of the most common phenomena. As a result of globalization, the frequent contact with western culture and the English language has brought a huge amount of lexical borrowings to the Chinese language. This paper mainly looks at the language contact of the English loan words in Chinese in the following three methods, namely transliteration, semantic loan and a mixture of the two respectively. The discussion over the examination will contribute to the understanding of English as a lingua franca and its language contact with Chinese.
