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Local Government Debt Management Solutions 被引量:1
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作者 刘煜辉 《China Economist》 2014年第5期90-97,共8页
Two rounds of leveraging-up have led to a high debt ratio in the Chinese economy, triggered liquidity mismatch and increased systemic financial risks. The key causes of local government liabilities are soft budget con... Two rounds of leveraging-up have led to a high debt ratio in the Chinese economy, triggered liquidity mismatch and increased systemic financial risks. The key causes of local government liabilities are soft budget constraints and non-market-based factor allocation. Currently, the risks of local government liabilities are generally controllable. This paper concludes that the long-term solution to managing local government liabilities is to enhance budget constraint and institutional assurance and proposes countermeasures in the reform of urban construction investment and ftnancing mechanisms. 展开更多
关键词 local government liabilities financial risk liquidity mismatch budget constraint
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Europeanization and Multilevel Governance: Trying to Make Sense of International Activities of European Local Governments 被引量:1
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作者 Amau Gutierrez-Camps 《International Relations and Diplomacy》 2014年第2期85-101,共17页
This paper analyzes the links among Europeanization, multilevel governance, and international activities of local governments. To do so, a revision of the literature on these three areas is provided, with a special em... This paper analyzes the links among Europeanization, multilevel governance, and international activities of local governments. To do so, a revision of the literature on these three areas is provided, with a special emphasis on the effects that the Europeanization process (hierarchical and horizontal) and multilevel governance (type I and type II) have had over the internationalization of local governments. Thus, local governments' international activities have evolved and adapted to a complex system of governance. Furthermore, the paper offers a reflection on current trends such as European Union (EU) and national programmes aimed at fostering International initiatives of local governments, and the impact of the economic crisis on these activities. 展开更多
关键词 multilevel governance EUROPEANIZATION local governments
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Transfer payments from the central government to the local governments and the local governments' efforts on taxation: taking China as an example 被引量:1
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作者 YANG Ming-hong TANG Yuan-yan 《Ecological Economy》 2010年第3期206-216,共11页
The influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments on the local governments' efforts on taxation must be taken into consideration by every country for the design of the transf... The influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments on the local governments' efforts on taxation must be taken into consideration by every country for the design of the transfer payments. Based on the theoretical analysis on the influence of the transfer payments from the central government to the local governments' on the local governments' payments', this paper indicates that the local governments' efforts on taxation depends on the demand elasticity of the district for public goods, It increases with the increase of the elasticity. Judge the degree of the local govet:nment's efforts on taxation by measure 2. After an empirical analysis on the transJer payments from the central government to the local governments'from 2000 to 2004, this paper gets the con- clusion that the local governments' effbrts on taxation ctbates with the increase of supporting payments or with the increase of the ratio of transfer payments to local wiliing public paymentS. Under speCific Circumstances, the higher the ratio of transfer payments to the local fiscal expenditure is. the smaller the local governments' efforts' on taxation is" under the central payments, whereas' the higher the local income is, the higher the efforts is under the central pav- ments. Based on this', this paper gives the meaning of its eOrresponding pofiCieS. " 展开更多
关键词 Transfer payment local government Efforts on taxation Demand elasticity for public goods
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“Scrambling”: Logic of horizontal competition between local governments based on three cases of interprovincial disaster counterpart support
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作者 Xiaoqin Xie Shihui Ren Xiaoqing Wang 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 2022年第3期251-260,共10页
Interprovincial counterpart support is a cooperative system used by local governments to achieve horizontal flow of resources based on cross-regional cooperation.Existing research has mainly focused on governance ef‐... Interprovincial counterpart support is a cooperative system used by local governments to achieve horizontal flow of resources based on cross-regional cooperation.Existing research has mainly focused on governance ef‐ficiency,institutional advantages,and ranking incentives while ignoring the scrambling behavior and opera‐tional mechanisms of local governments formed by ranking incentives and territorial responsibilities.This study selected the Wenchuan earthquake,Yushu earthquake,and COVID-19 as three typical cases.We con‐structed a theoretical framework for competition among provincial local governments and found that competi‐tion in interprovincial disaster counterpart support followed a dual behavioral logic of“striving to be first”and“fear of being last”.Specifically,local governments will choose striving to be first under the logic of time coercion,content games,and territorial responsibility;they will choose fear of being last under the logic of re‐sponsibility avoidance and moral pressure.This type of scrambling-based horizontal competition reflects the logic of local government competition tournaments.This study further revealed the specific processes,mecha‐nisms,and results of horizontal local government competition,which can provide inspiration for cross regional and provincial cooperation. 展开更多
关键词 local governance government competition Counterpart support SCRAMBLING
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Good Local Government for Better Governance and Sustainable Human Development
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作者 Katarzyna Cichos 《Journal of Earth Science and Engineering》 2014年第4期227-235,共9页
The purpose of this article is to raise the question of how important decentralisation and local governments are for the successful transition and eventually for sustainable human development of a state. The paper foc... The purpose of this article is to raise the question of how important decentralisation and local governments are for the successful transition and eventually for sustainable human development of a state. The paper focuses on the gap between development or transition and decentralisation within academic and international policy discourse. In article, the author tries to answer such questions as how local government can contribute to SHD (sustainable human development). And how should the international community contribute to and support the transition and development process of the developing countries? Article shows that local self-government can be a school of democracy and responsibility for the wealth of the state and citizens. By sharing the Polish decentralisation experience, the author shows how important decentralisation might be for successful transition, democratization and sustainable development. The paper also includes a short introduction to the European Charter, recent African efforts like AMCOD or UCLGA and European Union development assistance policy. The purpose of this is to show how little attention is paid to local governments and decentralisation within international policy and how huge is the gap between Europe's (developed) states and Africa's (developing) states related to their decentralisation policy, law and practice. 展开更多
关键词 GOVERNANCE DEVELOPMENT local government decentralisation.
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The AHP-Based Assessment of Public Services With Respect to Different Groups of Customers of Polish Local Government
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作者 Anna Prusak Jacek Strojny +1 位作者 Piotr Stefanow Katarzyna Machaj 《Chinese Business Review》 2015年第11期547-560,共14页
The situation of the contemporary economic systems is based on their ability to ensure optimal response to the customer needs. There are several important groups of clients, who may determine development processes and... The situation of the contemporary economic systems is based on their ability to ensure optimal response to the customer needs. There are several important groups of clients, who may determine development processes and who are recipients of public services. They include: residents, entrepreneurs, tourists, and State Treasury. Local governments are equipped with a range of legal instruments to provide public services addressed to the selected clients. The objective of this paper is to present the application of the AHP method to assess the significance of the selected categories of public services for different groups of clients in Poland. The results allow setting priorities for future policy and adjust the tasks to the specific expectations of each group of clients. The model of assessment of public services was built using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Since the 1970's, this multicriteria decision-support method has been used by researchers and practitioners in many areas of socioeconomic life. The case study presented in this paper involved 14 experts--public administration workers in one of the districts in Southern Poland. The survey consisted of two stages. First, they assessed--using the AHP--the influence of each group of customers on local development processes. The most important was "business" (priority 38.7%), followed by "tourists" (29.7%), "citizens" (26.1%), and "central administration" (5.5%). Second, they evaluated at the five-point Liken scale the influence of over 20 different public services with respect to different groups of clients. The results were aggregated using arithmetic mean and multiplied by the priorities of the clients. The synthesized final score indicated the most significant public activities overall, which were "roads" (4.16), "transport" (3.93), and "tourism" (3.84). 展开更多
关键词 public services local government analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis public administration customer analysis
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Grand Strategies for Dealing With Chinese Local Government Debts
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作者 Mengzhong Zhang Youwei Qi 《Management Studies》 2017年第2期91-107,共17页
Local governmental debts in China seem to be in a more precarious position than local government debts in the USA. The scale of Chinese local government debts far surpasses that of the USA. Further, Chinese local gove... Local governmental debts in China seem to be in a more precarious position than local government debts in the USA. The scale of Chinese local government debts far surpasses that of the USA. Further, Chinese local government debts appear to be expanding at an alarming rate in the past decade or so. This research focuses on grand strategies for dealing with Chinese local government debts. There are five research questions for this paper: 1) What is the size of the Chinese government debts? 2) Are Chinese local government debts controllable? 3) Who or what caused the rapid increase of the Chinese local government debts? 4) Is it possible to have individual accountability for increasing local government debts in the future? and 5) Will it be helpful to create a local government debt management organization in the Chinese central government? Based on the available literature, this analysis also utilizes in death interviews with 13 government officials, policy analyst, and scholars. First, this paper identifies the size and categories of debts related to Chinese local governments. Then this paper illustrates various ways and methods of Chinese local governments to obtain leverage. After analyzing the causes and origins of these debts, the research demonstrates a potential local systematic risk. By contrast to its advantages and disadvantages, the paper suggests that the local governmental debts need to be constrained. It is important to restrict debt growth in terms of issuing, buying, repurchasing, collateralizing, etc. within a legal framework. With the consideration of political mechanisms in China, the research suggests that the central government establishes a specific organization to help normalize the local governmental debts with the function of supervision and management. The research also believes that it will be an effective way to control the growth of local debts if the central government can hold the relevant top leaders/officials of local governments to be accountable for their performances related to debt accumulation. 展开更多
关键词 DEBT debt size local government Chinese government individual ACCOUNTABILITY debt managementorganization
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Management Accounting Problems and Perspectives in the Local Government of Estonia: An Analysis From the Viewpoint of Parsons' Paradigm
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作者 Tarmo Kadak Lea Roostalu 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2013年第1期20-36,共17页
This case study focuses on the current and future needs of the management accounting within the Tallinn city government and their potential relationships with the sustainability reporting. This analysis is based on th... This case study focuses on the current and future needs of the management accounting within the Tallinn city government and their potential relationships with the sustainability reporting. This analysis is based on the study carried out within the city organizations in 2011. The questionnaire drawn up by the authors includes several questions about the current management accounting tools of the city and their development and support needs. The authors also add some questions related to the sustainability reporting, which is obligatory for the city as one of the members of the Aalborg Charter. The quantitative methodology was used. The authors' conclusion is that the level of the managerial accountability of the Estonian municipality is increasing and its sole economic focus is changing to a broader perspective. According to the findings of the study, the authors argue that both management accounting principles and sustainability principles are coming closer together. By using Talcott Parsons' adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency (AGIL) paradigm, the authors point out four critical components for implementing the sustainability reporting into a management accounting system. The results of this study highlight the role of values in the management accounting development, which is in harmony with the AGIL paradigm. 展开更多
关键词 adaptation goal attainment integration and latency (AGIL) paradigm BUDGETING cost accounting Estonia local government performance measurement sustainability reporting values
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Reforms on China's Fiscal System and Its Impact on Local Government Behavior
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作者 WANG Bai-ling LI Hui 《Chinese Business Review》 2007年第2期33-42,53,共11页
The fiscal system is an important part of national economic management and deals with the division of financial responsibility and power, regulates and defines the fiscal activities among different levels of governmen... The fiscal system is an important part of national economic management and deals with the division of financial responsibility and power, regulates and defines the fiscal activities among different levels of governments. The changes in economic system and economic structure decide the changes of fiscal function and fiscal structure, which results in the changes in intergovernmental distribution form and local government behavior. This paper takes a look at the stages of China's fiscal reform process and the impacts on local government behavior, and tries to find measures for perfecting the fiscal system reform to optimize local government behavior and guarantee a healthy national economy. 展开更多
关键词 fiscal system local government behavior fiscal system reform
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Financial Reporting Dilemmas for the Maltese Local Government
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作者 Josette Caruana GiorgiaMattei 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2017年第10期435-450,共16页
Maltese Local Councils are required to prepare financial reports compliant with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Through documentary research, this study examined the suitability of this requireme... Maltese Local Councils are required to prepare financial reports compliant with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Through documentary research, this study examined the suitability of this requirement and implications for institutional relationships. This study showed that IFRS statements are problematic to produce and interpret at the local level of government, and that, on their own, they are undermining the control needs of the Central Government. This study highlighted the important role of financial reporting for accountability by showing that the use of financial reporting systems that do not fit the reporting entity may actually lead to avoidance of accountability by mystifying reality. 展开更多
关键词 ACCOUNTABILITY agency theory central control economic result local government
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Local Government Behavior behind China's Excessive Investment under Decentralization——Theoretical and Empirical Analysis Based on Manufacturing Sector
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作者 段国蕊 臧旭恒 《China Economist》 2014年第4期86-98,共13页
This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions b... This paper investigates the effect of local government intervention on capital deepening of manufacturing sector by using interprovincial panel data sets of 28 Chinese provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions between 1994 and 2011.Theoretical research indicates that as a transitional economy,China's local government intervention in corporate investment behaviors will cause excessive investment,thus bringing about a long-term and sustained tendency of capital deepening in manufacturing sector.Empirical test further discovers that in a certain range,the phenomenon of capital deepening in manufacturing sector is not an inevitable result endogenous to economic development and technology progress,and that investment behaviors of manufacturing sector are largely subject to the external institutional environment.Fiscal decentralization has indeed promoted capital deepening of manufacturing sector.Financial credit expansion and interventions in SOEs are major instruments for local governments to intervene in the capital deepening of manufacturing sector and such an influence is particularly significant for China's central,western and northeast regions.Therefore,clarifying government functions and improving local government performance review mechanism are of great significance to the healthy development of China's manufacturing sector. 展开更多
关键词 fiscal decentralization local government behavior excessive investment capital deepening
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From Consolidation to Segment Reporting in Local Government: Accountability Needs, Accounting Standards, and the Effect on Decision-Makers
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作者 Giuseppe Grossi Elisa Mori Federica Bardelli 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2014年第1期32-46,共15页
Consolidated Financial Statements (CFSs) in the public sector represent useful financial tools to improve transparency and accountability toward internal and external users. This aggregate view is only a part of the... Consolidated Financial Statements (CFSs) in the public sector represent useful financial tools to improve transparency and accountability toward internal and external users. This aggregate view is only a part of the information needed in order to give politicians, managers, employees, financial institutions, rating agencies, and citizens a whole view of a local government's financial performance. It emerges the need to have segment information, covering specific policy areas for which it is appropriate to separately report financial and non-financial information. This paper, after having discussed the need for accountability and decision-making in a theoretical framework, gives account of a pilot project realized by the municipality of Reggio Emilia, which introduced CFSs and segment reporting. The empirical study is based on an action research as a methodological approach to solving practical problems. Finally, the paper also offers some practical suggestions to contribute to the applicability of the segment reporting in the public sector. 展开更多
关键词 Consolidated Financial Statements (CFSs) segment reporting International Public Sector AccountingStandards (IPSAS) local government action research
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Local Government-owner Bidder and Corporate Control Transfer
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作者 Shufang Deng 《Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing》 2006年第6期1-6,共6页
In this study, we discuss the financial constraints and the behavior of local governments. We expect that governments in relative wealthy region will act as a helping hand for companies trader its control on average, ... In this study, we discuss the financial constraints and the behavior of local governments. We expect that governments in relative wealthy region will act as a helping hand for companies trader its control on average, while those in relative poor region will be a grabbing hand. By dividing local governments into 3 categories according to its GDP per capita and Fiscal Revenue per capita, we test the relationship between government attributes and the long-term performance of listed companies in corporate control market. We find that target companies who are later controlled by the wealthiest government achieve better performance, while those who were later controlled by the poorest governments also achieve significant better long-term performance. 展开更多
关键词 local government ultimate ownership control transfer
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Practical Challenges in Comparing Chinese and American Local Government
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作者 Matthew S. Mingus Cheng Li Wang Yan 《International Relations and Diplomacy》 2015年第10期661-680,共20页
Parts of China are an advanced industrial society with excellent public transportation, universities, industry, and other modern features; while other parts (geographically and functionally) remain a developing nati... Parts of China are an advanced industrial society with excellent public transportation, universities, industry, and other modern features; while other parts (geographically and functionally) remain a developing nation. For China, to build a stronger and more equitable society requires much work to develop governance at the local level. In pursuit of this goal, China actively seeks to learn lessons from abroad, including from American local government. This article examines the similarities and differences between these two nations and their systems of government toward the end of identifying potential challenges to Chinese efforts to learn from American-style local governance. This is grounded in policy transfer theory, which guides the discussion of how to learn from other jurisdictions--from other jurisdictions within the nation, from other points in time within the nation, and from other nations. Perhaps the ultimate questions are, "Should China continue efforts to learn from external models or focus its energy internally?" and "Does China need a more clearly defined governance model rather than its current approach that simultaneously allows and questions a high degree of decentralization (both within the party and the government)?" This paper seeks to add to that intellectual discourse by applying recent data and a conceptual framework. 展开更多
关键词 policy transfer Chinese local government comparative institutions
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Research of Mechanism on the Impact of Local Governmental Competition on Farmland Conversion
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作者 CHEN Shi-cong LI Jian-qiang 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2011年第1期104-107,111,共5页
In the perspective of local governmental competition, the impact of local governmental competition on farmland conversion is analyzed in terms of political competition, factors competition and products competition, an... In the perspective of local governmental competition, the impact of local governmental competition on farmland conversion is analyzed in terms of political competition, factors competition and products competition, and the empirical analysis is conducted according to the provincial data from 2002 to 2007. The results show that the endowment of land resources correlates negatively with the scale of farmland conversion, and the population, the tendency of exceeding capital investment and the competition of research and development input correlate positively with the scale of farmland conversion. According to these research results, corresponding policies and countermeasures are put forward: we should overhaul the system of performance evaluation of local governmental officials; we should normalize the local governmental competitive behavior. 展开更多
关键词 local governmental COMPETITION FARMLAND FARMLAND c
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Emergency Management in Local Government
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作者 Rrahim Rexha 《Sociology Study》 2015年第11期832-836,共5页
Natural disasters, in all of their phases, have been and are part of social development processes, where their types describe development stages and their impact is reflected in cultural differences and social develop... Natural disasters, in all of their phases, have been and are part of social development processes, where their types describe development stages and their impact is reflected in cultural differences and social development processes. A big impact in this process has also the technological development, which has affected the society to face various crises. Unfortunately, policymakers have not learned a lesson from this and as a result, they do not prepare themselves and public to react adequately against these crises. Facts indicate that technological advancement created the possibility of presenting different development sizes of catastrophe. As a result, our planet represents "the world of danger" since development activities in one place affect the population outside its borders. This applies to natural and technological disasters, like: earthquakes, floods, fires, industrial and nuclear incidents, etc. Dynamical developments of our time require clarification of some problems which are very important for the security of every human being but also for the country and functioning of its security system. Although these cases are managed on daily basis at the lowest possible geographical, organizational, and legal level, again there are circumstances in which successful operations in managing an incident depend on the involvement of many governmental levels, functional agencies, and emergy response. These circumstances required effective and efficient reaction between a citizen as the first one to face the danger and local government bodies which are obligated for his protection. 展开更多
关键词 EMERGENCY natural disasters LEGAL MUNICIPALITY local government
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Research on the local government investment and fi nancing system innovation and risk assessment under the new-type urbanization background
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作者 Ruoqian Yang 《International Journal of Technology Management》 2016年第7期42-45,共4页
At present, with the new urbanization as the background of the situation in our country, local governments in China especiallyin the central region as the representative of Henan Province, is to take this opportunity ... At present, with the new urbanization as the background of the situation in our country, local governments in China especiallyin the central region as the representative of Henan Province, is to take this opportunity to create their own economic heights and industrialagglomeration, and constantly improve the level of urbanization of the original, but the town level cannot improve open the power of capital, thelocal government of is facing fi nancing, fi nancing platform, fi nancing channels and fi nancing policy and a series of fi nancing systems caused byfi nancing diffi culties. Therefore, as the perspective of the local government, a new study of investment and fi nancing system and the risk measure,can more effectively guide and encourage the existing capital city infrastructure and public services to improve the fi eld. 展开更多
关键词 local government URBANIZATION Mechanism innovation Risk assessment
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Socio-Economic Implication of Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas (NLNG) Project in Bonny Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria
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作者 Oluyemi Ayorinde Akintoye Abiodun Komomo Eyong +2 位作者 Peter Okpe Agada Opaminola Nicholas Digha Okibe James Okibe 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2016年第5期63-79,共17页
Notably, the Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas (NLNG) project is the pioneer Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plant in Nigeria, aimed at both the diversification of the petroleum industry and utilization of the vastly flared n... Notably, the Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas (NLNG) project is the pioneer Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plant in Nigeria, aimed at both the diversification of the petroleum industry and utilization of the vastly flared natural gas resources of the nation. However, large scale energy projects have been known to generate both positive and/or negative impacts. Environmental Management Plans (EMP) have often been the compendium of information on approved mitigations, which normally include activities that could maximize the benefits of the host communities, and it’s not unusual for the Community Development and Corporate Social Responsibility (CDCSR) department of such an organization to be saddled with these contributions. But the activities of Nigeria LNG Ltd.’s CSR department have often been the source of criticism, as well as aspiration for improvement by host communities and other stake holders. This article thus aims to present a comprehensive compendium of NLNG’s CDCSR activities, up to the year 2010, and also highlight the level of satisfaction of the immediate and distant host communities against the level of performance of other donors in the area. Also the arrays of negative socio-economic consequences of the Nigeria LNG Ltd.’s activities were identified based on community perception. The results generally showed that comparatively, NLNG project has made more innovative positive socio-economic and health contributions to its areas of operation than the three tiers of government and other donors (including SPDC and Mobil Producing Nigeria). Surprisingly, agitations against Nigeria LNG Ltd.’s activities have not overshadowed its community development provisions, which have been of major assistance in several communities. There is however a dire need to review several aspects of Nigeria LNG Ltd.’s CDCSR activities, especially in the fulfilment of documented promises, as well as in project conception and community participation, for better completed projects acceptance by indigenous host communities. Conflict management strategies also need to be improved, while the dissatisfaction over benefits in New Finima needs to be urgently addressed. 展开更多
关键词 Socio-Economic Development Impact Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Limited Niger Delta Area Bonny local government Area
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The effects of local government investment on economic growth and employment: evidence from transitional China
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作者 Zhang Weiguo Hou Yongjian 《Ecological Economy》 2009年第1期28-37,共10页
Based on the panel data of 28 provinces in the year of 1987-2001, this paper examines the effects of the local government investment on economic growth and employment. The empirical result shows that the local governm... Based on the panel data of 28 provinces in the year of 1987-2001, this paper examines the effects of the local government investment on economic growth and employment. The empirical result shows that the local government investment plays a significant positive role in economic growth and employment. However, while the proportion of local government investment to GDP had a remarkable rise after 1998, the elasticity of local government investment on economic growth declined, which shows that there is a big room for raising the efficiency of local government investment. Moreover. the empirieal examination shows that although local government investment had positive effect on employment, the elasticity had a decrease after 1994 when the tax-sharing system reform was put into practice. This shows that the positive role of local government investment on employment is also limited This paper argues that the role of local governments as investors must be weakened, and local governments of different levels should lessen direct economic intervention and concentrate on public regulation. 展开更多
关键词 local government investment Economic growth EMPLOYMENT
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Alternative policy implementation: Theoretical explanation and case analysis of local government's action logic
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作者 YANG Cheng-lai 《Ecological Economy》 2017年第3期273-278,共6页
Since the reform and opening up, the local government has played a key role in promoting the economic and social development of our country, and the effective implementation of the local government has become an impor... Since the reform and opening up, the local government has played a key role in promoting the economic and social development of our country, and the effective implementation of the local government has become an important research topic. Therefore, based on the literature, the observation method of in-depth interviews, practice investigation and participation is adopted in this paper, which focuses on the implementation of special groups of social assistance policy. The theoretical framework of government' rational choice reveals the status of local government implementation policies and behavior behind the mechanism and organizational structure. The study found that:(1) the local government is easy to choose a quantifiable policy to implement;(2) there is a coexistence between the local government departments;(3) the local government selectively meets the needs of special personnel;(4) the local government's seeking political promotion and power leads to its behavior alienation. 展开更多
关键词 selective policy implementation local government ORGANIZATION
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