Privacy Protection Algorithm for the Internet of Vehicles Based on Local Differential Privacy and Game Model

In recent years,with the continuous advancement of the intelligent process of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV),the problem of privacy leakage in IoV has become increasingly prominent.The research on the privacy protection of the IoV has become the focus of the society.This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the existing location privacy protection system structure and algorithms,proposes a privacy protection system structure based on untrusted data collection server,and designs a vehicle location acquisition algorithm based on a local differential privacy and game model.The algorithm first meshes the road network space.Then,the dynamic game model is introduced into the game user location privacy protection model and the attacker location semantic inference model,thereby minimizing the possibility of exposing the regional semantic privacy of the k-location set while maximizing the availability of the service.On this basis,a statistical method is designed,which satisfies the local differential privacy of k-location sets and obtains unbiased estimation of traffic density in different regions.Finally,this paper verifies the algorithm based on the data set of mobile vehicles in Shanghai.The experimental results show that the algorithm can guarantee the user’s location privacy and location semantic privacy while satisfying the service quality requirements,and provide better privacy protection and service for the users of the IoV.

Central environmental protection inspection and carbon emission reduction: A tripartite evolutionary game model from the perspective of carbon neutrality

Since the carbon neutrality target was proposed,many countries have been facing severe challenges to carbon emission reduction sustainably.This study is conducted using a tripartite evolutionary game model to explore the impact of the central environmental protection inspection(CEPI)on driving carbon emission reduction,and to study what factors influence the strategic choices of each party and how they interact with each other.The research results suggest that local governments and manufacturing enterprises would choose strategies that are beneficial to carbon reduction when CEPI increases.When the initial willingness of all parties increases 20%,50%—80%,the time spent for the whole system to achieve stability decreases from 100%,60%—30%.The evolutionary result of“thorough inspection,regulation implementation,low-carbon management”is the best strategy for the tripartite evolutionary game.Moreover,the smaller the cost and the larger the benefit,the greater the likelihood of the three-party game stability strategy appears.This study has important guiding significance for other developing countries to promote carbon emission reduction by environmental policy.

Play the role of the university libraries in the research and heritage of the local cultural protection

The libraries, especially the university libraries, are the important gathering places of the human cultural knowledge and the inheritance, which usually house some important and rare historical literature books and materials. Especially the local university libraries in the minority agglomeration regions collect the cultural resources with the local ethnic characteristics, so the local university libraries should have the better geographical advantages and the advantages of the subject resources to give full play to the unique functions and values to study and inherit the local cultural protection.

Protection and Inheritance of Native Culture in the Landscape Design of Characteristic Towns

Chinese culture has a long history. Native culture, as an important part of China's traditional culture heritage, is rich in variety. In characteristic towns, native culture has strong local characteristics, and its protection and heritage has great value. This paper aimed to inherit traditional culture, protect the local characteristics of the towns, endow the town landscape with a unique cultural value, enhance people's cultural cohesion and identity of local culture and create characteristic towns with strong cultural characteristics.

Advancement in Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control Using PMU’s Model in MATLAB/SIMULINK

A big step forward to improve power system monitoring and performance, continued load growth without a corresponding increase in transmission resources has resulted in reduced operational margins for many power systems worldwide and has led to operation of power systems closer to their stability limits and to power exchange in new patterns. These issues, as well as the on-going worldwide trend towards deregulation of the entire industry on the one hand and the increased need for accurate and better network monitoring on the other hand, force power utilities exposed to this pressure to demand new solutions for wide area monitoring, protection and control. Wide-area monitoring, protection, and control require communicating the specific-node information to a remote station but all information should be time synchronized so that to neutralize the time difference between information. It gives a complete simultaneous snap shot of the power system. The conventional system is not able to satisfy the time-synchronized requirement of power system. Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is enabler of time-synchronized measurement, it communicate the synchronized local information to remote station.

Environmental Protection Legislation on China's Energy Development and In-situ Conversion

China's poor energy development and in-situ conversion legislation, environment laws and energy laws lead to a severe environmental issue in energy source. This paper uses comparison and logical methods to discuss Chapter 4 of Energy Law (Draft for Soliciting Opinions). Energy development is taken as a separate chapter; in-situ energy conversion is added to energy processing and conversion, common features are summarized to form general provisions and other provisions. According to respective characteristics of system for total amount control of energy development, performance guarantee system, environmental trust fund system, energy retaining system and environmental lien system, incorporate them into energy development, in-situ energy conversion and energy processing and conversion, in the hope of solving China's shortage of supply for environmental protection laws on energy development and in-situ conversion, responding to times of environmental protection, and optimizing China's Energy Law.

Weakly Supervised Object Localization with Background Suppression Erasing for Art Authentication and Copyright Protection

The problem of art forgery and infringement is becoming increasingly prominent,since diverse self-media contents with all kinds of art pieces are released on the Internet every day.For art paintings,object detection and localization provide an efficient and ef-fective means of art authentication and copyright protection.However,the acquisition of a precise detector requires large amounts of ex-pensive pixel-level annotations.To alleviate this,we propose a novel weakly supervised object localization(WSOL)with background su-perposition erasing(BSE),which recognizes objects with inexpensive image-level labels.First,integrated adversarial erasing(IAE)for vanilla convolutional neural network(CNN)dropouts the most discriminative region by leveraging high-level semantic information.Second,a background suppression module(BSM)limits the activation area of the IAE to the object region through a self-guidance mechanism.Finally,in the inference phase,we utilize the refined importance map(RIM)of middle features to obtain class-agnostic loc-alization results.Extensive experiments are conducted on paintings,CUB-200-2011 and ILSVRC to validate the effectiveness of our BSE.

Governance of protected areas: Kara Kara National Park, Victoria

This study explains various modes that can be applied for protected area. It analyses the requirements for good governance of protected area. A study area(Kara Kara National Park) is selected for identifying key challenges for implementing good governance of protected area. The challenges of good governance of protected area were investigated in this paper. The last part is based on the results from the third section and explores the strategies for addressing these challenges.

Privacy-Preserving Collaborative Filtering Algorithm Based on Local Differential Privacy

Mobile edge computing(MEC)is an emerging technolohgy that extends cloud computing to the edge of a network.MEC has been applied to a variety of services.Specially,MEC can help to reduce network delay and improve the service quality of recommendation systems.In a MEC-based recommendation system,users’rating data are collected and analyzed by the edge servers.If the servers behave dishonestly or break down,users’privacy may be disclosed.To solve this issue,we design a recommendation framework that applies local differential privacy(LDP)to collaborative filtering.In the proposed framework,users’rating data are perturbed to satisfy LDP and then released to the edge servers.The edge servers perform partial computing task by using the perturbed data.The cloud computing center computes the similarity between items by using the computing results generated by edge servers.We propose a data perturbation method to protect user’s original rating values,where the Harmony mechanism is modified so as to preserve the accuracy of similarity computation.And to enhance the protection of privacy,we propose two methods to protect both users’rating values and rating behaviors.Experimental results on real-world data demonstrate that the proposed methods perform better than existing differentially private recommendation methods.

Protected Areas, Subsistence Farming Systems and Nature Conservation

The preservation of the traditional subsistence farming systems and the conservation of natural values （habitats, fauna and flora）, in articulation with local development, was the key issues in this paper. The farmers have been able to manage the systems so as to cope with adverse conditions, but their future is quite uncertain. The methodology included： （1） field observation visits and cartographic information analysis of land use; （2） structured interviews with animal production and agro-forestry specialists; and （3） meetings with the participation of stakeholders. The paper concludes that depopulation is responsible for the increasing decline of agriculture and livestock. The decrease in agricultural activity in general and the consequent practices and traditional systems of agriculture causes changes in the landscape and has negative effects on nature conservation and biodiversity. Thus, we believe that the preservation and development of traditional economic activities linked to agriculture, agro-forestry and food processing are essential to maintain the typical landscape and to preserve natural values of Montemuro Site. The paper shows that in mountain areas, particularly those classified as nature network sites, farming, economic development and nature conservation are not antagonistic objectives.

Analysis of Participatory Approach Applied in Creating a New Protected Area Anjozorobe Angavo

The political will in compliance with the Convention on Biological Diversity brings to the establishment of MSPA （Madagascar system of protected areas）. The aim is to conserve biodiversity, alleviate poverty and develop the country. Participation and involvement of local population in natural resources management, consultation with all sectors and responsibilization of regional and local authorities in protected areas management are all the basic principles of MSPA. The paper brought focus in the understanding of this participation of local actors （populations, local authorities） and in their interests to participate in the protected area management in Anjozorobe Angavo. The research has been conducted by doing investigations and meetings with local actors. A typology of participations had been done. It has been indeed noticed that the understanding was differentiated then motivations to participate were not always the environmental one. The populations＇ participation could be either by convenience, or for personal interest, or imposed participation, or conscious participation. But in order to reach the purpose of the protected areas sustainable management, the operator should admit that the participation in protected areas management is imposed naturally and should consider those differences in visions; at last, the approach should motivate local populations to participate consciously.

纵向监管、地方选择性供地与产业结构绿色转型

地方政府的有效执行是中国式分权下提升中央发展战略实施绩效的关键,而中央政府对地方政府治理行为的有效监督则是其中至关重要的环节。本文基于2007—2019年中国微观工业用地供应以及中央环保督察的通报结果数据,采用广义双重差分法实证考察中央环保督察对地方政府选择性供地策略的影响及其机制。研究表明,中央环保督察促使地方政府降低污染密集型工业用地供应,增加清洁型工业用地供应,从而推动地区产业结构的绿色转型。机制分析发现,中央环保督察通过地方领导人职业发展激励机制以及产业转型能力机制对不同特征的城市工业土地供应结构策略产生异质性影响。本文结论对高质量发展背景下的央地互动关系与地方利用土地偏向性供给推动产业结构绿色转型具有政策启示。

市场结构、地方保护与异常审计费用

构建公平有序的市场体系需要厘清市场垄断和地方保护对审计契约的影响。以沪深两市2015-2022年的上市公司为研究样本,实证检验市场结构集中度对异常审计费用的影响,进一步考察地方保护对审计契约的调节效应。研究发现:(1)市场结构集中度对异常审计费用具有显著负向影响,而地方保护进一步增强负向关系;(2)在异常审计费用为负时市场结构集中度和地方保护对异常审计费用的影响更显著,而年报问询函外部监督效用受地方保护制约;(3)市场结构集中度通过代理成本和审计时长影响异常审计费用,进而损害会计信息的稳健性和可比性。

耕地保护田长制的政策工具谱系模型与政策启示——基于扎根理论的政策文本实证分析

研究目的:分析各省市相继出台的耕地保护田长制实施(工作)方案,描绘其政策工具全貌及其使用特征,为政策完善与优化提供参考。研究方法:扎根理论,内容分析法。研究结果:(1)耕地保护田长制的政策工具谱系模型为“四维驱动式凌锥模型”,该模型由目标导向型政策工具、系统变革型政策工具、过程控制型政策工具、能力建设型政策工具耦合而成;(2)“注意力分配—职权责明晰—有序化运作—积极性调动”是耕地保护田长制的政策工具使用逻辑,立足此逻辑有助于畅通耕地保护“最后一公里”;(3)当前耕地保护田长制在政策工具使用上存在组合结构不合理、可操作性不强、创新性不足、实质效力不高等问题。研究结论:未来应协调政策工具使用比例,优化组合结构的适配性;细化政策工具操作流程,增强内容要素的精准性;注重政策工具创新变革,培育内生动力的发展性;提升政策工具效力层级,夯实功能发挥的有效性。

地方生态环境治理何以发生形式主义?——基于20个中央生态环保督察典型案例的组态分析

基于20个中央生态环保督察典型案例,采用定性比较分析方法(csQCA),透视地方生态环境治理形式主义行为的多种组态,以解释地方生态环境治理何以发生与再生产形式主义。研究发现:任何单一因素均无法构成形式主义问题产生的必要条件或充分条件,地方生态环境治理形式主义的产生实为“多重复杂并发因果”;六条路径、三类条件组态构成了地方环境治理形式主义产生的主要驱动机制,即“经济约束”驱动型,“注意力兑现悬浮”驱动型与“避责思维”驱动型,各因素的有效结合以“殊途同归”的方式引发形式主义的发生与再生产等。为了防范地方生态环境治理形式主义的产生,厚植高质量发展的绿色底色,提升人民群众的生态环境福祉,当前亟需在推动产业转型以促进“经济”“环保”目标的平衡、内外协同以兑现政府环境注意力,以及精准问责以疏解官员“避责”情结等方面下大功夫。

人工鱼礁群对单桩基础局部冲刷防护效应的试验研究

为探究人工鱼礁群对单桩基础冲刷的影响,在波流水槽中开展局部冲刷物理模型试验,分析不同波流条件、鱼礁类型、布置方式以及鱼礁群与桩基础距离条件下鱼礁群的自身稳定性及其对桩基的防护效果.结果表明:立方体空心礁相比实心礁具有更好的稳定性,交错布置对桩基础冲刷的防护效果优于均匀布置形式;纯流作用下,人工鱼礁群桩基础冲刷深度的削弱效果随流速的增大而减小;波流作用下,空心礁对桩基础冲刷深度的削弱效果更优;2种礁体的不同平面布置形式对桩基础冲刷范围的削弱程度相近;鱼礁群与桩基础前缘距离的改变影响桩基础冲刷深度和冲刷形态.

系统观指引下的省域保护传承本土化体系构建探索

我国城乡历史空间的治理体系和聚落体系都具有很强的区域整体性、系统性.“省”是我国的地方最高级别政区,是治理体系中承上启下的关键层级,其形成发展演化区别于城市、乡村等聚落类型,具有特殊的逻辑机制和典型特征.当前,国家正在推动建立多层级、全覆盖的城乡历史文化保护传承体系,构建省域保护传承体系是其中的重要一环,也是一项开创性的工作.基于此,以系统观的研究视角为切入点,以安徽省为例,分别从省域价值研判、保护格局构建、保护策略制定三大方面尝试建立省域保护传承体系的基本框架,为新时期我国历史文化保护本土化理论方法的创新提供有益借鉴.

北京市地方标准《卫生应急一次性防护用品使用规范》修订解读

目的旨在使卫生应急人员充分理解并掌握《卫生应急一次性防护用品使用规范》(DB11/T 1291—2023)技术要点,最大限度减少职业暴露的发生。方法从适用范围、防护分级、防护用品选择、附录等方面解读修订标准与原标准内容的差异和修订原因。结果修订标准扩展了其适用范围;增加并细化不同等级防护用品的使用场景;新增一次性隔离衣、防护面罩、动力送风式空气呼吸器的使用要求,去掉长管空气呼吸器及相关要求、参考标准;新增防护用品使用注意事项;调整防护用品的穿脱顺序。结论北京市地方标准《卫生应急一次性防护用品使用规范》的修订为卫生应急人员个体防护及传染病与职业暴露的防控提供参考。

环保机构垂直管理改革与企业绿色创新

在加快推进发展方式绿色转型的背景下,环境治理体系现代化是突破环境规制低效率困局的关键路径,而环保机构垂直管理改革是生态环境监管体制的重大创新。本文以2013-2021年A股上市公司为研究样本,基于各省市环保机构垂直管理改革实施方案在时间和空间上渐进颁布的准自然实验情境,借助多期三重差分法,探讨了环保机构垂直管理改革对企业绿色创新的影响。实证研究发现,环保机构垂直管理改革会对企业绿色创新产生促进作用。经过动态效应检验、安慰剂检验等一系列稳健性检验,影响效应仍然存在。机制分析表明,垂直管理改革有助于强化基层环保机构监管,弱化地方保护主义,从而增强污染企业的环境规制压力并促进企业绿色转型。异质性检验发现,改革的正向影响在样本所处地区市场化水平较低、地方政府经济竞争压力较大、国有企业、融资约束较弱的企业等情况下更加明显。本文不仅为促进企业绿色创新提供了新的视角,也为理解环保机构垂直管理改革的政策效果贡献了经验证据,为进一步推进环保垂直监管提供了政策参考。

地方环境治理何以有效?——中央环保督察背景下省域数据的动态QCA分析

中央环保督察背景下地方环境治理何以有效?运用动态QCA方法对三时段全国各省数据的分析发现,地方治理有效的核心条件组态共有10种类型,压力型体制作用机制始终发挥重要影响,环保理念在中央持续发力下逐渐得以塑造并正向作用于实践,多元主体参与和常态化治理格局正在缓慢形成,同时各地区影响治理成效的因素也存在显著差异。要继续推进环境治理的国家战略,仍需继续保持中央督察的高频压力,但应精准发力,特别注重全社会环保理念的培育,推动多元主体参与的常态化机制建设,激活区域资源,发挥地区特色优势拓宽治理路径。