2016年8月24日19:00至25日08:00(北京时)在500 h Pa副热带高压控制下,甘肃中东部、陕西关中出现强对流暴雨,19个乡镇出现大暴雨,最大降水量达158.7 mm,小时最大降水量达79.1 mm,且伴随雷电天气,呈现典型的强对流天气特征。利用卫星、雷...2016年8月24日19:00至25日08:00(北京时)在500 h Pa副热带高压控制下,甘肃中东部、陕西关中出现强对流暴雨,19个乡镇出现大暴雨,最大降水量达158.7 mm,小时最大降水量达79.1 mm,且伴随雷电天气,呈现典型的强对流天气特征。利用卫星、雷达、地面加密资料、ECMWF细网格资料、NCEP再分析资料和常规观测资料,重点分析造成短时强降水的中尺度系统的发生、发展以及中尺度对流系统传播特征。结果表明,大暴雨主要由2个中尺度对流系统产生;中尺度对流系统的发生、发展与中尺度地面辐合线有密切关系;低层动力场的切变扰动在六盘山两侧形成东西向的辐合线,雷暴单体在辐合线附近强烈发展,整体随辐合线向偏南方向移动;六盘山以西的辐合线影响甘肃中部,六盘山东侧的辐合线在移动中分裂为两段:东段继续向偏南方向移动,影响甘肃陇东;西段移到关中西部时,沿峡谷进入关中西部的偏北风,受地形影响转为西北风,使辐合线由东西向转为南北向,雷暴单体随辐合线沿地形走向自西向东移动,影响关中;有利的动力、热力因素,对六盘山东侧中尺度对流系统的加强和传播方向的改变起到重要作用。展开更多
As a follow-up of a previously published article on the synoptic background of the development of the severe convective weather that happened in Chongqing on 6 May 2010, this study further examines the initiation of t...As a follow-up of a previously published article on the synoptic background of the development of the severe convective weather that happened in Chongqing on 6 May 2010, this study further examines the initiation of the severe convective weather via a better high-resolution simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model. It is found that the cold front approaching Chongqing from the northwest played a critical role in the initiation of the severe convective weather. As the cold front approached Chongqing, the low-to-mid level updrafts ahead of the front acted to increase the atmospheric lapse rate via the stretching effect, which in combination with the low-level diabatic heating induced by the sensible heat fluxes and infrared radiation emitted from the ground surface led to the continuous decrease of the low-level static stability and the increase of the convective available potential energy （CAPE） in Chongqing area. This provided necessary unstable energy for the development of deep moist convection. Furthermore, along with the reaching of a nearly east-west-oriented mesoscale convergence line from the southeast of Chongqing, the outflow right above the cold front began to interact with that above the mesoscale convergence line and induced distinct convergence at the altitude of approximately 1-2 km in the triangular area sandwiched by the cold front and the mesoscale convergence line. It is found that the updrafts associated with this convergence provided lifting necessary for the initiation of the severe convection. The sensitivity experiment without the terrain west of Chongqing indicates that the local topography did not play an important role in the initiation of this severe convective weather.展开更多
文摘2016年8月24日19:00至25日08:00(北京时)在500 h Pa副热带高压控制下,甘肃中东部、陕西关中出现强对流暴雨,19个乡镇出现大暴雨,最大降水量达158.7 mm,小时最大降水量达79.1 mm,且伴随雷电天气,呈现典型的强对流天气特征。利用卫星、雷达、地面加密资料、ECMWF细网格资料、NCEP再分析资料和常规观测资料,重点分析造成短时强降水的中尺度系统的发生、发展以及中尺度对流系统传播特征。结果表明,大暴雨主要由2个中尺度对流系统产生;中尺度对流系统的发生、发展与中尺度地面辐合线有密切关系;低层动力场的切变扰动在六盘山两侧形成东西向的辐合线,雷暴单体在辐合线附近强烈发展,整体随辐合线向偏南方向移动;六盘山以西的辐合线影响甘肃中部,六盘山东侧的辐合线在移动中分裂为两段:东段继续向偏南方向移动,影响甘肃陇东;西段移到关中西部时,沿峡谷进入关中西部的偏北风,受地形影响转为西北风,使辐合线由东西向转为南北向,雷暴单体随辐合线沿地形走向自西向东移动,影响关中;有利的动力、热力因素,对六盘山东侧中尺度对流系统的加强和传播方向的改变起到重要作用。
基金Supported by the National(Key)Basic Research and Development(973)Program of China(2012CB417201)China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY200706033)National Natural Science Foundation of China(40921160382)
文摘As a follow-up of a previously published article on the synoptic background of the development of the severe convective weather that happened in Chongqing on 6 May 2010, this study further examines the initiation of the severe convective weather via a better high-resolution simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model. It is found that the cold front approaching Chongqing from the northwest played a critical role in the initiation of the severe convective weather. As the cold front approached Chongqing, the low-to-mid level updrafts ahead of the front acted to increase the atmospheric lapse rate via the stretching effect, which in combination with the low-level diabatic heating induced by the sensible heat fluxes and infrared radiation emitted from the ground surface led to the continuous decrease of the low-level static stability and the increase of the convective available potential energy （CAPE） in Chongqing area. This provided necessary unstable energy for the development of deep moist convection. Furthermore, along with the reaching of a nearly east-west-oriented mesoscale convergence line from the southeast of Chongqing, the outflow right above the cold front began to interact with that above the mesoscale convergence line and induced distinct convergence at the altitude of approximately 1-2 km in the triangular area sandwiched by the cold front and the mesoscale convergence line. It is found that the updrafts associated with this convergence provided lifting necessary for the initiation of the severe convection. The sensitivity experiment without the terrain west of Chongqing indicates that the local topography did not play an important role in the initiation of this severe convective weather.
