In order to fill the gaps of the research on the data of automatic weather stations(referred to as automatic stations)not used for the climate characteristics of extremely short-time severe precipitation in Guizhou Pr...In order to fill the gaps of the research on the data of automatic weather stations(referred to as automatic stations)not used for the climate characteristics of extremely short-time severe precipitation in Guizhou Province,the climate characteristics of extremely short-time severe precipitation in Guizhou Province were compared and analyzed based on the hourly precipitation data of the automatic stations and the national weather stations(referred to as the national stations)from April to September during 2010-2019.The results show that the average state of maximum hourly precipitation of all stations(the automatic stations and the national stations)and national stations both are representative,but the data of all stations are more representative when the maximum hourly precipitation is extreme.The 99.5 th quantile is the most reasonable threshold of extremely short-time severe precipitation in each station.The spatial distribution of extremely short-time severe precipitation intensity in all stations and national stations is generally that the southern region is stronger than the northern region,and the intensity values are concentrated in the range of 40-50 mm/h.All stations data can better reflect the distribution characteristics of<40 and≥50 mm/h.The national stations data underestimates the precipitation intensity in the southern and northeastern marginal areas of Guizhou,and slightly exaggerates the precipitation intensity in the northern part of Guizhou.The monthly and diurnal variations of the frequency of extremely short-time severe precipitation in all stations and national stations are very obvious and the variation trend is the same,but the intensity of extremely short-time severe precipitation has no obvious monthly variation characteristics.There is no significant diurnal variation in the intensity of extremely short-time severe precipitation in all stations,but the diurnal variation in the data of national stations is significant.Since the frequency of extremely short-time severe precipitation in national stations is less,the diurnal variation in the intensity of extremely short-time severe precipitation in all stations is more statistically significant.展开更多
综合使用自动站、卫星TBB、探空、BJ-ANC雷达拼图、雷达变分同化分析系统(VDRAS)风场以及NCEP/GFS0.5°×0.5°分析资料,对漏报的2013年6月4日白天北京局地强降水天气过程及成因进行详细分析。结果表明:(1)该过程是在弱天...综合使用自动站、卫星TBB、探空、BJ-ANC雷达拼图、雷达变分同化分析系统(VDRAS)风场以及NCEP/GFS0.5°×0.5°分析资料,对漏报的2013年6月4日白天北京局地强降水天气过程及成因进行详细分析。结果表明:(1)该过程是在弱天气尺度背景(即没有明显西来槽和高空冷空气等天气尺度系统强迫)下产生的,且北京地区低层被由渤海湾侵入的偏东风(冷空气)控制,大气层结上暖下冷,有别于通常意义上的夏季强对流天气发生背景,因此造成其预报失误。(2)高空正涡度平流提供了一定的动力条件,但不足以触发强对流,其主要触发机制是低层偏东风冷空气侵入以及暖湿空气在冷空气和地形相互作用下强迫抬升,这一点在今后强对流预报中尤须关注。(3)当夏季早晨850 h Pa以下出现逆温层时,若当日白天太阳辐射升温状况良好,08时探空资料在使用时应进行订正,T-logp图订正后显示北京具有显著对流有效位能(CAPE);此外,较大的中低层垂直风切变和边界层内较大的湿度层结均为雷暴下山后明显增强并造成局地强降水提供了有利的环境条件。(4)雷暴前侧出流与东南风形成的辐合线造成了中尺度对流单体不断东移。展开更多
基金Scientific Research Project of Guizhou Meteorological Bureau(QQKD[2020]08-04).
文摘In order to fill the gaps of the research on the data of automatic weather stations(referred to as automatic stations)not used for the climate characteristics of extremely short-time severe precipitation in Guizhou Province,the climate characteristics of extremely short-time severe precipitation in Guizhou Province were compared and analyzed based on the hourly precipitation data of the automatic stations and the national weather stations(referred to as the national stations)from April to September during 2010-2019.The results show that the average state of maximum hourly precipitation of all stations(the automatic stations and the national stations)and national stations both are representative,but the data of all stations are more representative when the maximum hourly precipitation is extreme.The 99.5 th quantile is the most reasonable threshold of extremely short-time severe precipitation in each station.The spatial distribution of extremely short-time severe precipitation intensity in all stations and national stations is generally that the southern region is stronger than the northern region,and the intensity values are concentrated in the range of 40-50 mm/h.All stations data can better reflect the distribution characteristics of<40 and≥50 mm/h.The national stations data underestimates the precipitation intensity in the southern and northeastern marginal areas of Guizhou,and slightly exaggerates the precipitation intensity in the northern part of Guizhou.The monthly and diurnal variations of the frequency of extremely short-time severe precipitation in all stations and national stations are very obvious and the variation trend is the same,but the intensity of extremely short-time severe precipitation has no obvious monthly variation characteristics.There is no significant diurnal variation in the intensity of extremely short-time severe precipitation in all stations,but the diurnal variation in the data of national stations is significant.Since the frequency of extremely short-time severe precipitation in national stations is less,the diurnal variation in the intensity of extremely short-time severe precipitation in all stations is more statistically significant.
文摘综合使用自动站、卫星TBB、探空、BJ-ANC雷达拼图、雷达变分同化分析系统(VDRAS)风场以及NCEP/GFS0.5°×0.5°分析资料,对漏报的2013年6月4日白天北京局地强降水天气过程及成因进行详细分析。结果表明:(1)该过程是在弱天气尺度背景(即没有明显西来槽和高空冷空气等天气尺度系统强迫)下产生的,且北京地区低层被由渤海湾侵入的偏东风(冷空气)控制,大气层结上暖下冷,有别于通常意义上的夏季强对流天气发生背景,因此造成其预报失误。(2)高空正涡度平流提供了一定的动力条件,但不足以触发强对流,其主要触发机制是低层偏东风冷空气侵入以及暖湿空气在冷空气和地形相互作用下强迫抬升,这一点在今后强对流预报中尤须关注。(3)当夏季早晨850 h Pa以下出现逆温层时,若当日白天太阳辐射升温状况良好,08时探空资料在使用时应进行订正,T-logp图订正后显示北京具有显著对流有效位能(CAPE);此外,较大的中低层垂直风切变和边界层内较大的湿度层结均为雷暴下山后明显增强并造成局地强降水提供了有利的环境条件。(4)雷暴前侧出流与东南风形成的辐合线造成了中尺度对流单体不断东移。
