The Impacts of Flood and Local Communities’ Coping Strategies along the River Gambia

Flood disasters as Climate change hazards are common in developing countries, particularly in communities along the river Gambia. Local communities, for instance, had their local coping strategies that enabled them to stay in their communities even amid these ordeals, and climate change disaster threats. This work strives to understand flood impacts and the local peoples’ adaptation or coping strategies along the River Gambia basin. A community-based cross-sectional research study of 422 research participants of which 294 are males (69.7%) and females 128 (30.3%), and a focus group discussion of 10 groups which comprised 5 female groups and 5 male groups respectively found that 98.6% of the households experienced floods in their community, and 70.6% experienced flood in their houses, 2.1% have impending flood information and 88.4% do not know evacuation centres. The majority of the households had some local coping strategies, but they acknowledged their insufficient effectiveness. The result also shows that the impact of floods on farmlands, roads, buildings, and livestock was greatly felt. Coping strategies such as sandbags, raised elevations, contour bonds, dikes, and buildings on highlands were all found to be common mechanisms the local people used. The study opines that floods affect communities, but the effects vary depending on individual assets.

Feature Selection with a Local Search Strategy Based on the Forest Optimization Algorithm

Feature selection has been widely used in data mining and machine learning.Its objective is to select a minimal subset of features according to some reasonable criteria so as to solve the original task more quickly.In this article,a feature selection algorithm with local search strategy based on the forest optimization algorithm,namely FSLSFOA,is proposed.The novel local search strategy in local seeding process guarantees the quality of the feature subset in the forest.Next,the fitness function is improved,which not only considers the classification accuracy,but also considers the size of the feature subset.To avoid falling into local optimum,a novel global seeding method is attempted,which selects trees on the bottom of candidate set and gives the algorithm more diversities.Finally,FSLSFOA is compared with four feature selection methods to verify its effectiveness.Most of the results are superior to these comparative methods.

Climate Change Impacts, Local Knowledge and Coping Strategies in the Great Ruaha River Catchment Area, Tanzania

Climate change has profound implications for managing freshwater resources and species dependent on those resources. Water is an essential component of the life support system of the earth, and a basic resource for socio-economic development. The Great Ruaha River Catchment Area is a dynamic and complex ecosystem requiring inclusion climate change adaptation in the management of the freshwater and natural resources available to reduce the severity of climate change impacts. Rainfall has decreased considerably during the last 10 - 30 years, and characterised by high interannual variability, seasonal shifts and variable seasonal distribution with unpredictable onset and ending of rains and shortened growing seasons. Temperature has increased considerably during this period causing increased evapotranspiration losses and incidences of pest and diseases. The freshwater of Ruaha River and it tributaries are vulneable to changing climate, such as drought, which can negatively impact on the livelihoods of the people through de- creased crop and livestock production, and on local biodiversity. The changing climate has had negative impacts on, among other aspects, land use and water shortages for irrigation, livestock and domestic uses. This has compelled riparian communities in the catchment to devises coping strategies including practicing irrigation to provide supplementary water to crops, using drought tolerant crop varieties, rationing of irrigation water in farmlands, wetland cultivation, and diversification to non-agricultural activities. Despite the existence of many indicators used for local climate forecasting, there are limitations to local adaptation, including among others, poverty, institutional aspects and limited integration of climate adaptation in various sectors. The bulk of indigenous knowledge could be integrated into formal adaptation planning, and may be important components of environmental conservation at the local level.

Protective and Constructive Strategies of Rural Landscape Elements in Local Landscape Planning

As a carrier of traditional techniques and local culture, local landscape contains profound theofies of garden aesthetics and landscape ecology. Creating a local landscape is not only important to modem urban landscape design and utban planning, but also an. important part of the construction of current distinctive towns. Based on the analysis of the application of native landscape elements in urban gardens, the research points out the innovative design and application of the local landscape elements. Moreover it uses the artistic expression techniques of extracting the native landscape elements into the garden landscape as the entry point, and analyzes the designing principle and planning key points in die ptocess of creating a local landscape of the cultural square park in charactenstic towns, providing constructing and protecting strategies for creating a landscape of rural landscapes in China＇s landscape planning.

Strategy of Human Resources Localization for Multinational Corpora-tions in China

With the swift growth of China's economy in recent years, the number of multinational corporations in China is increasing rapidly, and during their process of management, the strategy of human resources localization is widely used. Though there are a lot of scholars who have done research on advantages, negative effects and implementation of this strategy, there are still not enough studies have been made about the enlightenments for China. Therefore, this study aims at representing more modern and advanced opinions by stating superiority and inferior of multinational corporations' human resources localization strategy on the basis of predecessors' studies. This study is based on multinational corporation human resources localization theories, research on certain multinational corporations located in China, and data and information from relative journals, books,newspapers and internet. The conclusion of this paper is as below: though human resources localization strategy has obvious advantages, the management shall control the"degree"in case of"over-localization"; secondly, as Chinese corporations, it is necessary to possess their own core technology instead of being a manufacturer only; and last, Chinese corporations should learn from foreign multinationals that balancing between globalization and localization, to maximize the benefits.

The Research of the Localization Marketing Strategy of Amazon in Germany

Amazon Germany has formulated a series of marketing strategies based on the shopping habits of German consumers and it has achieved success.This article summarizes the current marketing strategies of Amazon in Germany,and explores the key factors for the success of this marketing strategy.By comparing with other e-commerce platforms,this article critically analyzes the innovation and deficiency of Amazon in Germany.

Discussion on Localization Management Strategy of KFC

In the contemporary society, localization and globalization are inseparable. For multinational corporations, enhancing the relationship between multinational corporations and host countries can achieve a win-win situation. Through analyze the localization management strategies in the field of menu, slogan,ingredient and public relationship of of KFC and conclude that Chinese culture, the needs, preference of Chinese people, good government relationship is more important to multinational corporations.

On the Problems and Strategies Addressed to the Development of Local Colleges

Local colleges are the main bodies of Chinese higher education. Their proper and sound development will do good to the development of local economy and society. Compared with famous and key universities, their development is in inferior state and there are lots of problems. This article analyses the problems during their development process, then it puts forward relevant strategies so as to provide reference for the development of local colleges.

车内单座椅局部区域有源噪声控制研究

目前,汽车局部区域降噪主要通过有源降噪头枕来降低人耳处的噪声,但乘客的移动会影响降噪效果.结合人头跟踪系统可解决这一问题,代价是增加系统的复杂性和成本.以车门扬声器为次级声源,在副驾驶位置乘客头部周围较大的区域进行局部降噪,并优化误差传感策略提升其降噪性能.首先,建立轻度阻尼边界的闭空间声场有限元模型;然后,基于该模型研究了某一局部区域内取得3 dB降噪效果的频率上限、误差点数量和位置对降噪效果的影响以及误差点布放的优化问题;最后,在典型城市道路上进行不同车速下的有源噪声控制实验.结果表明,车速为50,60和80 km·h^(-1)时,副驾驶头部区域内(0.4 m×0.4 m×0.2 m)3 dB降噪的频率上限约为370 Hz,误差点位置对降噪效果有较大影响.采用遗传算法优化误差点选择可提高降噪性能,使用12个优选误差点即可达到使用75个均匀布放误差点的降噪效果.

“在地国际化”视域下高等职业教育中外合作办学质量认证体系研究

“在地国际化”是突破高校师生跨境流动的传统观念,在本土创设国际化学习环境、教学资源和育人机制的教育模式。中外合作办学是高等职业教育“在地国际化”的载体与表现形式。在“在地国际化”视域下,中外合作办学存在理念更迭滞缓、认证系统与评价体系未协同、缺乏国际通行认证指标体系等问题,高等职业教育中外合作办学质量认证体系的建构将满足面向全球,培养国际化人才质量保障需求。依据“输入-环境-输出”理论模型,高等职业教育中外合作办学“在地”发展质量认证体系的构建与应用旨在凸显夯实高等职业教育国际化人才培养质量观、实现国际化高技能人才在地培养的实质等效和增强“在地”培养国际化技术技能型人才实力的应用价值。

地方本科院校研究性教学改革的困境及破解策略

地方本科院校研究性教学改革推进艰难,处于边缘化的尴尬境地。传统灌输式的教学依旧处于主导地位。地方本科院校研究性教学面临着教师教学制度性话语权虚置、科学研究对教学的侵蚀、学生学习消费主义、综合素质测评异化等困境。为全面深入推进地方本科院校研究性教学改革,可从组织结构、管理制度等层面着手,即重塑权力结构,赋予专业权力;推进科学研究与教学的融合;遏制学生学习消费主义,重构和谐的师生关系;构建基于胜任力的综合素质测评与多通道专项激励。

基于筛选策略的动态环境下激光SLAM算法

现有的同步定位与建图(SLAM)方法在理想条件下运行稳定,但在动态环境中会因移动物体特征点云的误匹配导致定位误差增大。为解决此问题,提出了一种动态点云检测算法。首先利用惯性测量装置信息对点云数据预处理,包含去畸变等操作;然后剔除地面点云,采用弯曲体素结构对非地面点云进行聚类;接着,通过匈牙利算法关联和匹配两帧之间的聚类,同时利用惯性信息统一坐标系;最后设计一种筛选策略,先用边界框交并比和质心速度粗略筛选动态聚类,再用z轴(高度)分布相似性进行精细筛选。实验结果表明,所提算法能够识别并滤除实验环境中的大部分动态点云聚类;与LIO-SAM算法相比,四种场景下的定位均方根误差平均降低了17.75%;平均精确率和召回率相比Removert分别提升14.81%和5.90%。

基于服务漯河市地方文化传播的师范生专业社团建设路径探索

高校肩负着地方文化传播和发展的使命,基于服务漯河市地方特色文化传播目的,结合漯河市地方文化优势,以漯河职业技术学院师范生专业社团为例,分析师范生专业社团在服务地方文化传播方面的不足,提出推动高职院校师范生专业社团服务地方文化传播建设的策略。

基于强化学习的离散层级萤火虫算法检测蛋白质复合物

蛋白质复合物的检测有助于从分子水平上理解生命的活动过程。针对群智能算法检测蛋白质复合物时假阳/阴性率高、准确率低、种群多样性下降等问题,提出了基于强化学习的离散层级萤火虫算法检测蛋白质复合物(reinforcement learning-based discrete level firefly algorithm for detecting protein complexes,RLDLFA-DPC)。引入强化学习思想提出一种自适应层级划分策略,动态调整层级结构,能有效解决迭代后期种群多样性下降的问题。在层级学习策略中个体向两个优秀层级学习,避免算法陷入局部最优。为了提高蛋白质复合物检测的精度,结合个体环境信息提出自适应搜索半径的局部搜索策略。最后,在酵母蛋白质的4个数据集上,与8种经典的蛋白质复合物检测方法进行对比,验证了该方法的有效性。

局部标准差优化的密度峰值聚类算法

密度峰值聚类(clustering by fast search and find of density peaks,DPC)算法是一种基于密度的聚类算法,它可以发现任意形状和维度的类簇,是具有里程碑意义的聚类算法。然而,DPC算法的样本局部密度定义不适用于同时发现数据集的稠密簇和稀疏簇;此外,DPC算法的一步分配策略使得一旦有一个样本分配错误,将导致更多样本的错误分配,产生“多米诺骨牌效应”。针对这些问题,提出一种新的样本局部密度定义,采用局部标准差指数定义样本局部密度,克服DPC的密度定义缺陷;采用两步分配策略代替DPC的一步分配策略,克服DPC的“多米诺骨牌效应”,得到ESDTS-DPC算法。与DPC及其改进算法KNN-DPC、FKNN-DPC、DPC-CE和经典密度聚类算法DBSCAN的实验比较显示,提出的ESDTS-DPC算法具有更好的聚类准确性。

面向密度分布不均数据的加权逆近邻密度峰值聚类算法

针对密度分布不均数据,密度峰值聚类算法易忽略类簇间样本的疏密差异,导致误选类簇中心;分配策略易将稀疏区域的样本误分到密集区域,导致聚类效果不佳的问题,本文提出一种面向密度分布不均数据的加权逆近邻密度峰值聚类算法。该算法首先在局部密度公式中引入基于sigmoid函数的权重系数,增加稀疏区域样本的权重,结合逆近邻思想,重新定义了样本的局部密度,有效提升类簇中心的识别率;其次,引入改进的样本相似度策略,利用样本间的逆近邻及共享逆近邻信息,使得同一类簇样本间具有较高的相似度,可有效改善稀疏区域样本分配错误的问题。在密度分布不均、复杂形态和UCI数据集上的对比实验表明,本文算法的聚类效果优于IDPC-FA、FNDPC、FKNN-DPC、DPC和DPCSA算法。

论人才强国战略下职业启蒙教育发展的时代进路

人才是第一资源,建设人才强国是实现中国式现代化的核心要义。职业启蒙教育作为本体“成己成人成物”的一种早期关照,必然成为人才强国建设的根基性策略。镜鉴美国融合式、日本进阶式和德国链条式职业启蒙教育模式,发现各国均以个人职业潜力培育为策略来提升人力资源的内生质量。因此,为了拓宽我国青少年多元化成长通道,强化国家人才储备的广度与深度,应当以点筑基、以面扩展、以链串联、以网织就,多维结构探赜本土职业启蒙教育发展理路。即以中小学创建校本职业启蒙课来稳固人才培育的启蒙链,以不同类型学校间共建职业启蒙教育基地来拓宽人才成长的进阶链,以校外研学实践基地的活动供给来补强人才育训的陶冶链,以校企联动创设真实职业场域来延伸人才发展的价值链,最终推动职业启蒙教育以高质量的育人品性为人才强国建设服务。

地方高校新工科国际化人才培养模式探索与实践

通过分析地方高校国际化人才培养的必要性,提出了在新工科背景下提升人才培养质量与国际竞争力的对策。从更新教育理念,构建人才培养体系,强化课程建设,加强校企合作,扩大对外开放,加强师资队伍建设,推进资源建设,提高管理效能等方面给出了具体的措施。最后通过应用实践检验了教师的国际化教育教学能力,学生的创新实践能力、跨文化交流能力均得到有效提升。

地方管理视角下国土空间规划技术标准优化策略

国土空间治理现代化的重要手段是通过国土空间规划有效落实国家重大战略,而央地协同、因地制宜的技术标准则是支撑地方高质量国土空间规划编制、审查、实施等管理工作的重要保障。结合地方国土空间规划管理工作,梳理“多规合一”新时期地方管理对技术标准的新诉求以及现阶段技术标准对其的支撑状况,提出了构建条块协调、动态优化的“三维”技术标准体系和研制内容精细化、传导标准化、审查智慧化的技术标准,对加强技术标准在地方管理工作中“实用、管用、好用”有所参考。

黑龙江省因地制宜发展新质生产力的“三实”策略

发展新质生产力对于推进黑龙江省实现高质量发展意义重大。新质生产力概念源于马克思主义生产力理论,经中国特色社会主义经济实践得以创立并不断丰富发展,以满足新时代发展的需求。其内涵特征规定了新质生产力核心在于创新,关键在于质优,本质在于体现先进生产力。黑龙江省发展新质生产力有着自身生产力要素的优劣势。据此,提出“三实”策略——实践创新、实体升级和实效监管,旨在为黑龙江省因地制宜发展新质生产力提供策略参考。