Locust bean gum(LBG)is a typical galactomannan isolated from carob bean(Ceratonia siliqua L.)cultivated in the Mediterranean area.Due to its superior biodegradable,rheological and film-forming properties,LBG has been...Locust bean gum(LBG)is a typical galactomannan isolated from carob bean(Ceratonia siliqua L.)cultivated in the Mediterranean area.Due to its superior biodegradable,rheological and film-forming properties,LBG has been used alone or combined with other biopolymers(e.g.,polysaccharides,proteins and lipids)to develop films.Till now,different kinds of functional ingredients(e.g.,montmorillonite,bacteriocins,antibiotics,plant extract,essential oils and microbial cells)have been added into LBG-based films.Notably,the physical and functional properties of LBG-based films are affected by many factors,such as the structure of LBG,the type and content of other biopolymers and functional ingredients,and the physical treatment of film-forming solution.LBG-based films can be not only used as active packaging and edible coating in food industry but also used as wound dressings in pharmaceutical industry.For the first time,this review focuses on the recent advances in the preparation,characterization,physical and functional properties,and potential applications of LBG-based films.展开更多
In this research, locust bean gums were removed from seeds with different extraction methods and some physicochemical properties were analyzed for gums and also locust beans. Three different extractions were treated a...In this research, locust bean gums were removed from seeds with different extraction methods and some physicochemical properties were analyzed for gums and also locust beans. Three different extractions were treated at different temperatures and durations of sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 60%) solution, hydrochloric acid (HCl, 30%) solution and boiling water. Following dehulling and drying processes, seeds were milled and locust bean gums (LBG) were obtained eventually. The color values, moisture, protein, ash, sugar, pH, total acidity, soluble solids content, foreign particulates, acid insoluble ash contents and viscosity curves were compared for all samples. The results exhibited that the highest ash (1.94%) and protein (6.65%) contents were determined by water extraction gum, the highest acid-insoluble ash (3.58%) and foreign particulates (44.17%) contents were determined by HCl extraction gum. The lowest protein (5.01%), acid insoluble ash (1.29%), the foreign particulates (34.99%) and the highest viscosity value (533.9 mPas) were found from H2SO4 extraction gum. The results of investigation also showed that the H2SO4 extraction method was found to be more appropriate than HCl and water extraction methods to obtain a good quality gum.展开更多
Infant malnutrition is a significant issue in Côte d’Ivoire, and this study aims to address it by formulating infant flours using local ingredients. Fermentation, germination, and malting methods were used to en...Infant malnutrition is a significant issue in Côte d’Ivoire, and this study aims to address it by formulating infant flours using local ingredients. Fermentation, germination, and malting methods were used to enhance the quality of six formulated flours, all based on Fonio and supplemented with Bambara groundnut, African locust bean fruit pulp, and cashew kernels. Results showed that Fonio had the highest carbohydrate content, while Bambara groundnut and Cashew kernels were rich in protein and lipid content. African locust bean fruit pulp was rich in fiber and Vitamin C, with a high β-carotene value. The cashew kernel had the highest energy value. Regarding mineral composition, African locust bean fruit pulp had the highest potassium content, while Bambara groundnut and African locust bean fruit pulp were rich in sodium. Cashew kernel and Fonio had higher iron and calcium content. Bambara groundnut had a higher zinc content, while cashew kernel had a higher magnesium content. The formulated flours made from fermented Fonio grains and enriched with Bambara groundnut, African locust bean fruit pulp, and cashew kernel had varying protein, fiber, carbohydrate, ash, and fat contents. The flour formulated with sprouted Fonio and enriched with the same ingredients had higher protein content and energy value than the other fermented seed-based flours. The mixed flours produced with fermented seeds and the flour produced from sprouted seeds met international standards. Overall, these findings offer valuable insights into the nutritional composition of the formulated flours and their potential to combat infant malnutrition in Côte d’Ivoire.展开更多
Severe blood loss due to traumatic injuries remains one of the leading causes of death in emergency settings.Chitosan continues to be the candidate material for hemostatic applications due to its inherent hemostatic p...Severe blood loss due to traumatic injuries remains one of the leading causes of death in emergency settings.Chitosan continues to be the candidate material for hemostatic applications due to its inherent hemostatic properties.However,available chitosan-based dressings have been reported to have an acidic odor at the wound site due to the incorporation of acid based solvents for their fabrication and deformation under compression owing to low mechanical strength limiting its usability.In the present study semi-IPN cryogel was fabricated via Schiff's base cross-linking between the polyaldehyde groups of oxidized dextran and thiolated chitosan in presence of locust bean gum(LBG)known for its hydrophilicity.Polymerization at12C yielded macroporous semi-IPN cryogels with an average pore size of 124.57±20.31 mm and 85.46%porosity.The hydrophobicity index of LBG reinforced semi-IPN cryogel was reduced 2.42 times whereas the swelling ratio was increased by 156.08%compare to control cryogel.The increased hydrophilicity and swelling ratio inflated the compressive modulus from 28.1 kPa to 33.85 for LBG reinforced semi-IPN cryogel.The structural stability and constant degradation medium pH were also recorded over a period of 12 weeks.The cryogels demonstrated lower adsorption affinity towards BSA.The cytotoxicity assays(direct,indirect)with 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells confirmed the cytocompatibility of the cryogels.The hemolysis assay showed<5%hemolysis confirming blood compatibility of the fabricated cryogel,while whole blood clotting and platelet adhesion assays confirmed the hemostatic potential of semi-IPN cryogel.展开更多
The washout resistance of injectable calcium phosphate cement（CPC） is highly requisite for more widely clinical applications. In this work, locust bean gum（LBG） was used as the anti-washout agent to improve the wa...The washout resistance of injectable calcium phosphate cement（CPC） is highly requisite for more widely clinical applications. In this work, locust bean gum（LBG） was used as the anti-washout agent to improve the washout resistance of CPC. The results indicated that the washout resistance was greatly improved,and meanwhile the injectability, setting time and compressive strength slightly decreased when the content of LBG was no more than 1.0%. Additionally, the CPC with 1.0% LBG exhibited good cell compatibility of the mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells（mBMSCs）. Therefore, the 1.0% LBG content was proposed to serve as a useful additive in CPC as a result of its ability to promote washout resistance, which may play an important role in clinical applications.展开更多
基金This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid for scientific research from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31571788)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20151310)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Jiangsu Province.
文摘Locust bean gum(LBG)is a typical galactomannan isolated from carob bean(Ceratonia siliqua L.)cultivated in the Mediterranean area.Due to its superior biodegradable,rheological and film-forming properties,LBG has been used alone or combined with other biopolymers(e.g.,polysaccharides,proteins and lipids)to develop films.Till now,different kinds of functional ingredients(e.g.,montmorillonite,bacteriocins,antibiotics,plant extract,essential oils and microbial cells)have been added into LBG-based films.Notably,the physical and functional properties of LBG-based films are affected by many factors,such as the structure of LBG,the type and content of other biopolymers and functional ingredients,and the physical treatment of film-forming solution.LBG-based films can be not only used as active packaging and edible coating in food industry but also used as wound dressings in pharmaceutical industry.For the first time,this review focuses on the recent advances in the preparation,characterization,physical and functional properties,and potential applications of LBG-based films.
基金“Suleyman Demirel University Unit of Scientific Research Project Commission”for funding of the research and“Directorate of Konya Provincial Control Laboratory”for their support to methodology.
文摘In this research, locust bean gums were removed from seeds with different extraction methods and some physicochemical properties were analyzed for gums and also locust beans. Three different extractions were treated at different temperatures and durations of sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 60%) solution, hydrochloric acid (HCl, 30%) solution and boiling water. Following dehulling and drying processes, seeds were milled and locust bean gums (LBG) were obtained eventually. The color values, moisture, protein, ash, sugar, pH, total acidity, soluble solids content, foreign particulates, acid insoluble ash contents and viscosity curves were compared for all samples. The results exhibited that the highest ash (1.94%) and protein (6.65%) contents were determined by water extraction gum, the highest acid-insoluble ash (3.58%) and foreign particulates (44.17%) contents were determined by HCl extraction gum. The lowest protein (5.01%), acid insoluble ash (1.29%), the foreign particulates (34.99%) and the highest viscosity value (533.9 mPas) were found from H2SO4 extraction gum. The results of investigation also showed that the H2SO4 extraction method was found to be more appropriate than HCl and water extraction methods to obtain a good quality gum.
文摘Infant malnutrition is a significant issue in Côte d’Ivoire, and this study aims to address it by formulating infant flours using local ingredients. Fermentation, germination, and malting methods were used to enhance the quality of six formulated flours, all based on Fonio and supplemented with Bambara groundnut, African locust bean fruit pulp, and cashew kernels. Results showed that Fonio had the highest carbohydrate content, while Bambara groundnut and Cashew kernels were rich in protein and lipid content. African locust bean fruit pulp was rich in fiber and Vitamin C, with a high β-carotene value. The cashew kernel had the highest energy value. Regarding mineral composition, African locust bean fruit pulp had the highest potassium content, while Bambara groundnut and African locust bean fruit pulp were rich in sodium. Cashew kernel and Fonio had higher iron and calcium content. Bambara groundnut had a higher zinc content, while cashew kernel had a higher magnesium content. The formulated flours made from fermented Fonio grains and enriched with Bambara groundnut, African locust bean fruit pulp, and cashew kernel had varying protein, fiber, carbohydrate, ash, and fat contents. The flour formulated with sprouted Fonio and enriched with the same ingredients had higher protein content and energy value than the other fermented seed-based flours. The mixed flours produced with fermented seeds and the flour produced from sprouted seeds met international standards. Overall, these findings offer valuable insights into the nutritional composition of the formulated flours and their potential to combat infant malnutrition in Côte d’Ivoire.
文摘Severe blood loss due to traumatic injuries remains one of the leading causes of death in emergency settings.Chitosan continues to be the candidate material for hemostatic applications due to its inherent hemostatic properties.However,available chitosan-based dressings have been reported to have an acidic odor at the wound site due to the incorporation of acid based solvents for their fabrication and deformation under compression owing to low mechanical strength limiting its usability.In the present study semi-IPN cryogel was fabricated via Schiff's base cross-linking between the polyaldehyde groups of oxidized dextran and thiolated chitosan in presence of locust bean gum(LBG)known for its hydrophilicity.Polymerization at12C yielded macroporous semi-IPN cryogels with an average pore size of 124.57±20.31 mm and 85.46%porosity.The hydrophobicity index of LBG reinforced semi-IPN cryogel was reduced 2.42 times whereas the swelling ratio was increased by 156.08%compare to control cryogel.The increased hydrophilicity and swelling ratio inflated the compressive modulus from 28.1 kPa to 33.85 for LBG reinforced semi-IPN cryogel.The structural stability and constant degradation medium pH were also recorded over a period of 12 weeks.The cryogels demonstrated lower adsorption affinity towards BSA.The cytotoxicity assays(direct,indirect)with 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells confirmed the cytocompatibility of the cryogels.The hemolysis assay showed<5%hemolysis confirming blood compatibility of the fabricated cryogel,while whole blood clotting and platelet adhesion assays confirmed the hemostatic potential of semi-IPN cryogel.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51172074)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2015AA033601)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou City of China (Grant No.201508020017)the Research Foundation for the Author of the Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of Guangdong Province (Grant No.sybzzxm 201024)
文摘The washout resistance of injectable calcium phosphate cement（CPC） is highly requisite for more widely clinical applications. In this work, locust bean gum（LBG） was used as the anti-washout agent to improve the washout resistance of CPC. The results indicated that the washout resistance was greatly improved,and meanwhile the injectability, setting time and compressive strength slightly decreased when the content of LBG was no more than 1.0%. Additionally, the CPC with 1.0% LBG exhibited good cell compatibility of the mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells（mBMSCs）. Therefore, the 1.0% LBG content was proposed to serve as a useful additive in CPC as a result of its ability to promote washout resistance, which may play an important role in clinical applications.
