Clinical Effectiveness of the Plate Screw Internal Fixation Technique in the Treatment of Patients with Traumatic Fractures of Long Bones in the Lower Extremities

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the plate screw internal fixation technique on the clinical outcomes of patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. Methods: From January 2022 to December 2023, 70 patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities were admitted to the hospital and randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the observation group, each consisting of 35 cases. The control group underwent traditional closed interlocking intramedullary nailing, while the observation group received internal fixation with steel plates and screws. Relevant surgical indicators, treatment effectiveness, and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups. Results: The observation group exhibited significantly short surgical duration (80.65 ± 5.01 vs. 88.36 ± 5.26 minutes), fracture healing time (13.27 ± 0.32 vs. 15.52 ± 0.48 weeks), and hospitalization days (10.49 ± 1.13 vs. 16.57 ± 1.15 days) compared to the control group (P = 0.000). The effective treatment rate was significantly higher in the observation group (29/82.86%) than in the control group (21/60.00%), with a significant difference observed (χ2 = 4.480, P = 0.034). Additionally, the complication rate in the observation group (2/5.71%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (8/22.86%), with a correlated difference (χ2 = 4.200, P = 0.040). Conclusion: The plate screw internal fixation technique demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in treating traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. It improves the healing rate, reduces complications, and represents a safe and effective treatment strategy worthy of widespread use and application.

Virtual Reconstruction of Long Bone Fracture in Car-to-pedestrian Collisions Using Multi-body System and Finite Element Method

Lower limb injures are frequently observed in passenger car traffic accidents.Previous studies of the injuries focus on long bone fractures by using either cadaver component tests or simulations of the long bone kinematics,which lack in-depth study on the fractures in stress analysis.This paper aims to investigate lower limb impact biomechanics in real-world car to pedestrian accidents and to predict fractures of long bones in term of stress parameter for femur,tibia,and fibula.For the above purposes,a 3D finite element(FE) model of human body lower limb(HBM-LL) is developed based on human anatomy.The model consists of the pelvis,femur,tibia,fibula,patella,foot bones,primary tendons,knee joint capsule,meniscus,and ligaments.The FE model is validated by comparing the results from a lateral impact between simulations and tests with cadaver lower limb specimens.Two real-world accidents are selected from an in-depth accident database with detailed information about the accident scene,car impact speed,damage to the car,and pedestrian injuries.Multi-body system(MBS) models are used to reconstruct the kinematics of the pedestrians in the two accidents and the impact conditions are calculated for initial impact velocity and orientations of the car and pedestrian during the collision.The FE model is used to perform injury reconstructions and predict the fractures by using physical parameters,such as von Mises stress of long bones.The calculated failure level of the long bones is correlated with the injury outcomes observed from the two accident cases.The reconstruction result shows that the HBM-LL FE model has acceptable biofidelity and can be applied to predict the risk of long bone fractures.This study provides an efficient methodology to investigate the long bone fracture suffered from vehicle traffic collisions.

The Effects of Absorbable Materials in the Treatment for Non-Weight-Bearing Bone Fractures of Extremities

Objective:To study the effects of absorbable materials in non-weight-bearing bone fractures of extremities.Methods:After 66 patients with nonweight-bearing bone fractures of extremities were selected,absorbable materials were used in the observation group and metal materials were used in the control group.Results:After treatment,the bone healing in the observation group was significantly improved(P<0.05).Conclusion:the application of absorbable materials in non-weight-bearing bone fractures of extremities is effective.

Bilateral Long Bone Fractures in a Patient with Sarcoid: A Case Report

Although there have been many reports of small bone and vertebral involvement in sarcoidosis, long bone pathology is rare. We report a case of almost identical bilateral fractures of the proximal femoral diaphysis during separated in time through a low-energy mode of injury, and explore the difficulties encountered when seeking radiological and tissue diagnosis.

Surgical treatment of metastatic bone disease of the distal extremities

Metastatic bone disease of the distal extremities,also known as acrometastasis,is very rare.Thus,there is very limited information regarding the clinical manifestations and methods of surgical treatment.The current available literature shows that acrometastases are often encountered in the context of advanced disease and are thus associated with poor patient survival.As metastatic bone disease is generally uncurable,the goal of surgical treatment is to provide the patient with good function with as few complications as possible.In this article,we discuss the clinical manifestation of acrometastases,the methods of surgical intervention,and the expected clinical outcome.Non-surgically managed pathological fractures generally remain ununited;therefore,conservative treatment is reserved for patients with poor general condition or dismal prognosis.The current evidence suggests that in lesions of the lower arm and leg,osteosynthesis(plate and screw fixation or intramedullary nail)is the most common method of reconstruction,whereas local excision or amputation are more commonly used in cases of more distal lesions(such as ankle,foot and hand).Following surgery most patients receive adjuvant radiotherapy,even though its role is poorly documented.Close collaboration between orthopedic surgeons and medical oncologists is necessary to improve patient care and treatment outcome.Further studies are needed in order to provide stronger clinical evidence and improve decision-making,in an effort to optimize the patients’quality of life and avoid the need for revision surgery.

Epidemiological and Clinical Pattern of Open Fractures of Long Bones of the Lower Limbs in the South-West Region of Cameroon: A 5-Year Review

Background: An open fracture is an injury in which the fracture site and/or hematoma communicates with the external environment. It is associated with significant morbidity and disability and is a challenge to the surgical team. The lower extremities are the most often exposed to traumatic injuries compared to other anatomical parts of the body. Patterns of open fractures differ with different mechanisms of injury and the segment of the long bone affected. The correct and timely management of open fractures is beneficial to the patients and leads to a more favorable outcome. This study aimed at describing the pattern of open fractures of long bones of the lower limb treated in 3 major hospitals of the south west region, Cameroon. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective review of files of patients with open fractures of long bones of the lower limb managed at the surgical units of three secondary health facilities in the South-West region of Cameroon from the 1st of January 2015 to the 31st of December 2019. The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes were recorded. The data was stored and analyzed using Epi info version 7.0 and SPSS version 23.0 respectively. Results: A total of 195 files of patients aged 8 to 80 years were studied. The main age group affected was between 20 - 40 years. There were 147 (75.4%) males and 48 (24.6%) females giving a sex-ratio of 3.1:1. The most common cause was road traffic crashes 142 (72.8%). In 98 cases (50.3%), the left side was more involved. The tibia was the most common long bone affected in 75 (38.5%) cases. Comminuted fracture was the most common fracture pattern encountered in 126 cases (64.6%). A total of 76 (39%) fractures were graded Gustilo-Anderson IIIA. External fixator was used in 112 cases (57.1%) and internal fixator in 86 cases (42.9%). We recorded 127 (65.1%) cases of wound infection and 143 (73.3%) cases of limb shortening as the most common complications. Other complications include: 20 cases (17.1%) of mal-union, 27 cases (22.5%) of delayed union, 18 cases (15.1%) of non-union and 50 cases (38.5%) chronic osteomyelitis. We recorded a mortality of 2.1%. Gustilo IIIB and IIIC were associated to chronic osteomyelitis (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Open fractures of long bones of the lower limb affect the active age group of the population and road traffic crashes are the most common causes. It tends to affect the left side and the tibia being the most fractured long bone. A reasonable proportion of these fractures subsequently get infected. Comminuted fracture is the common fracture pattern.

The Effects of Bone Screw Configurations on the Interfragmentary Movement in a Long Bone Fixed by a Limited Contact Locking Compression Plate

The locking compression plates (LCP) are efficient tools in open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), especially in osteoporotic bones. Two important factors of screw density and screw position can affect the functionality of the bone plate. Several studies have assessed the influence of the screw configurations on the bone-plate stiffness, but the effects of screw positions on the interfragmentary strain, εIF of LCP construct have not been investigated yet. In this study, finite element method was used to investigate the influence of screws number and position on the interfragmentary strain of LCP-femur system for a mid-shaft fracture. Results of this study showed that by insertion of screws closer to the fracture site, εIF decreases by 2nd degree polynomial function versus screw position, but by adding the screws from the ends of the plate, or by moving and placing the screws towards the fracture site, the reduction of εIF will be linear. Results of this study were compared and are in agreement with some studies in the literature, even though their scope was mostly stability of the bone-implant system, whereas our scope was focused on the interfragmentary strain.

四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的危险因素分析及风险预测模型的构建

目的 探讨四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的危险因素,并构建四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的风险预测模型。方法 选取2018年3月至2022年8月池州市人民医院手术治疗的226例四肢创伤骨折病人作为研究对象。应用Lasso分析筛选四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的预测因素,应用logistic回归分析筛选四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的危险因素,应用R软件构建四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的列线图模型,并对四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的列线图模型进行验证。结果 logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、年龄≥65岁、术中出血量≥300 mL、胃肠功能损伤、肺部感染、术前白蛋白<35 g/L、衰弱、输注胶体液及蛋白等是四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的危险因素(P<0.05)。四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的列线图模型的校正曲线显示预测值与实际值的拟合度较好;模型的AUC是0.84[95%CI:(0.80,0.87)];决策曲线显示阈值概率在2%~75%范围内时,应用该列线图预测四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症净获益值较高。结论 女性、年龄≥65岁、术中出血量≥300 mL、胃肠功能损伤、肺部感染、术前白蛋白<35 g/L、衰弱、输注胶体液及蛋白等是四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的危险因素,本研究基于以上8项危险因素构建的列线图能够对四肢创伤骨折病人术后低蛋白血症的防治工作起到帮助作用。

血清总Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽和β-Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽联合检测对早期预测四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合的临床价值

目的 探讨血清总Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)和β-Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽(β-CTX)联合检测对早期预测长骨骨折延迟愈合的临床价值。方法 测定156例四肢长骨骨折患者术后1、4、8、12周时的血清PINP和β-CTX水平,根据骨折愈合情况将患者分为延迟愈合组(30例)和正常愈合组(126例),比较两组的血清PINP和β-CTX水平。采用logistic回归分析四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合的影响因素,并采用ROC曲线分析术后血清PINP和β-CTX联合检测对四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合的早期预测效能。结果 两组骨折术后血清PINP和β-CTX水平呈升高趋势,在治疗后8周达高峰,随后下降。骨折术后4、8、12周时,延迟愈合组血清PINP和β-CTX水平均低于正常愈合组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,术后血清PINP和β-CTX水平是四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合的独立危险因素(P <0.05)。ROC曲线显示,术后血清PINP和β-CTX联合检测预测长骨骨折延迟愈合的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.861(P <0.05)。结论 术后血清PINP和β-CTX水平与四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合密切相关,二者联合检测有助于早期预测四肢长骨骨折延迟愈合。

长骨骨不连的发病率及手术治疗研究进展

骨不连是骨折并发症之一,其发病部位及病因多样化,治疗方式也不完全相同。不同因素之间相互作用,使之成为临床骨科医师棘手的难题。多数骨不连发生在长骨骨折后,以锁骨、肱骨、前臂、股骨、胫骨为主。临床治疗中,存在多种手术方式可供选择。笔者就近年来长骨骨不连的发病率及手术治疗现状进行综述,旨在为骨不连手术治疗方法的进一步研究和应用提供参考依据。

基于Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和羟基磷灰石的新型仿生人工骨膜修复材料在四肢长骨粉碎性骨折伴游离骨块中的应用

目的观察基于Ⅰ型胶原蛋白和羟基磷灰石的新型仿生人工骨膜修复材料在四肢长骨粉碎性骨折伴游离骨块中的应用效果。方法选取2021年1月—2022年8月临朐县人民医院因外伤致四肢长骨粉碎性骨折伴游离碎骨块的120例患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行骨折切开复位内固定治疗,根据患者是否同意术中使用人工骨膜修复材料进行分组研究,未使用者纳入对照组(n=54),使用骨膜修复材料者纳入观察组(n=66)。观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血量;术后定期复查X线,进行为期1年的持续随访观察,记录并比较两组患者骨折愈合时间。结果120例患者均顺利完成手术,两组患者术中出血量、手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组平均骨折愈合时间长于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组骨折延迟愈合、骨折不愈合发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对四肢长骨粉碎性骨折伴游离骨块中的患者应用人工骨膜修复材可促进骨折的修复愈合,减少骨折延迟愈合及不愈合的发生。

过表达lncRNA HAGLR促胫骨骨折大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的机制研究

目的研究骨质疏松(OP)-胫骨骨折(TF)大鼠长链非编码RNA同源盒D基因簇反义生长相关长链非编码RNA(lncRNA HAGLR)与其下游靶基因的表达情况,并探讨lncRNA HAGLR对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)成骨分化的作用与机制。方法30只SD雌性大鼠随机分为sham组、OP组、OP-TF组,每组10只。ELISA法检测大鼠血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)的水平。对大鼠MSC细胞系R7500使用成骨分化诱导培养基进行诱导,并分为MSC组和成骨诱导组(Osteogenic-MSC组)。分别转染pcDNA-HAGLR、pcDNA-NC、miR-19a-3p的模拟物(miR-19a-3p mimic)、mimic的阴性对照(NC mimic)、miR-19a-3p的抑制剂(miR-19a-3p inhibitor)、miR-19a-3p inhibitor的阴性对照(NC inhibitor)至R7500后进行相应分组。双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证lncRNA HAGLR和miR-19a-3p以及骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP2)和miR-19a-3p的靶向关系。qRT-PCR检测各组lncRNA HAGLR和miR-19a-3p的表达。Western blot检测BMP2、ALP、胶原蛋白I(COL-I)、骨钙素(OCN)、骨桥蛋白(OPN)的表达。ALP染色和AR染色检测MSC的成骨分化能力。结果OP组和OP-TF组的血清ALP和TRAP水平均高于sham组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而OP组与sham组胫骨组织中lncRNA HAGLR、miR-19a-3p、BMP2的表达水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而OP-TF组胫骨组织中lncRNA HAGLR、BMP2的表达水平均明显低于sham组和OP组(P<0.05),OP-TF组胫骨组织中miR-19a-3p的表达水平高于sham组和OP组(P<0.05)。与MSC组相比,Osteogenic-MSC组的lncRNA HAGLR表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),而miR-19a-3p的表达降低(P<0.05)。双荧光素酶报告基因实验表明lncRNA HAGLR与miR-19a-3p具有靶向关系,miR-19a-3p与BMP2具有靶向关系。pcDNA-HAGLR组的miR-19a-3p的表达水平低于pcDNA-NC组(P<0.05)。miR-19a-3p mimic组与NC mimic组的lncRNA HAGLR的表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与NC mimic组相比,miR-19a-3p mimic组BMP2的表达水平降低(P<0.05),miR-19a-3p表达水平升高(P<0.05)。pcDNA-HAGLR组细胞较pcDNA-NC组具有更强的成骨分化能力和更高的ALP活性(P<0.05)。miR-19a-3p inhibitor组细胞较NC inhibitor组具有更强的成骨分化能力和更高的ALP活性(P<0.05)。结论胫骨骨折大鼠lncRNA HAGLR和BMP2表达降低,miR-19a-3p表达增高。过表达lncRNA HAGLR通过靶向调控miR-19a-3p/BMP2轴促进大鼠MSC的成骨分化。

交锁髓内钉治疗创伤性下肢长管状骨骨折的临床效果

目的 探究对创伤性下肢长管状骨骨折患者开展交锁髓内钉治疗的效果。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年12月南京市栖霞区医院收治的创伤性下肢长管状骨骨折患者140例,按随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组,两组各70例,对照组采用传统钢板内固定术治疗,试验组采用交锁髓内钉内固定术治疗,对比两组手术重要指标、膝关节功能评分、术后疼痛度评分、关节恢复时间及术后并发症发生情况。结果 试验组手术出血量、手术时长、住院时长及术后关节功能恢复时间均短于对照组(均P <0.05);试验组疼痛、功能、活动度、屈曲畸形、肌力等膝关节功能评分均高于对照组(均P <0.05);两组疼痛度评分和并发症发生率均低于对照组(均P <0.05)。结论 运用交锁髓内钉内固定治疗法治疗创伤性下肢长管状骨骨折安全系数更高,能有效促进患者骨性愈合,减轻术后疼痛,避免关节功能障碍等并发症发生。

儿童四肢长骨干骨折术后骨折延迟愈合的影响因素分析

目的:探讨儿童四肢长骨干骨折术后骨折延迟愈合的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2021年3月—2022年4月某院手术治疗的120例四肢长骨干骨折患儿的基本资料。根据骨折延迟愈合的诊断标准将患儿分为延迟愈合组(n=26)和正常愈合组(n=94),术后检测血清25-OH-VD和骨代谢指标[甲状旁腺素(PTH)、总1型胶原氨基酸延长肽(PINP)、β-胶原特殊序列(β-CTX)]水平并进行比较,采用骨质疏松症自我效能量表(OSES)评估患儿的锻炼自我效能水平和骨量减少程度。采用单因素和多因素Logistic分析法明确影响四肢长骨干骨折患儿术后延迟愈合的独立因素,绘制ROC曲线分析诊断效能。结果:2组在性别、年龄、体重、居住地、骨折原因、部位、类型、固定方式方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但2组在锻炼自我效能是否良好、是否合并骨质疏松、术后血清25-OH-VD、PTH、PINP、β-CTX水平方面比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,锻炼自我效能是否良好(OR=2.032,95%CI=1.077~3.835)、合并骨质疏松(OR=5.114,95%CI=1.860~14.060)、术后血清25-OH-VD(OR=1.125,95%CI=1.040~1.217)、PTH(OR=1.132,95%CI=1.061~1.208)、PINP(OR=1.215,95%CI=1.027~1.438)、β-CTX(OR=5.966,95%CI=1.598~22.267)水平是四肢长骨干骨折患儿术后延迟愈合的独立影响因素(P均<0.05);经构建风险评估模型ROC曲线显示,以上因素联合检测AUC值为0.991,灵敏度、特异度分别为96.55%、89.65%。结论:四肢长骨干骨折患儿术后血清25-OH-VD、PTH、PINP、β-CTX水平和锻炼自我效能是否良好、是否合并骨质疏松是其术后延迟愈合的独立影响因素。在临床上应对相关因素予以有效控制,施以有针对性的防治措施降低骨折延迟愈合的发生风险。

超声引导下神经阻滞联合全麻用于老年下肢骨折术中的效果

【目的】探讨超声引导下神经阻滞联合全麻用于老年下肢骨折术中的效果。【方法】268例接受下肢骨折术的老年患者,随机分为观察组(超声引导下神经阻滞联合全麻,134例)与对照组(全麻,134例)。比较两组麻醉效果、麻醉药物使用剂量、苏醒时间、拔除喉罩时间、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)及不良反应;比较两组不同时点的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)。【结果】观察组麻醉优良率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组麻醉药物使用剂量少于对照组,苏醒时间、拔除喉罩时间短于对照组,术后VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组插喉罩时(T_(1))、切皮时(T_(2))、拔喉罩时(T_(3))的MAP、HR与麻醉前(T_(0))比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),对照组在T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时的MAP、HR均显著高于T_(0)时,观察组在T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时的MAP、HR显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组在T_(2)、T_(3)时的PT、TT、APTT均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组不良反应总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】超声引导下神经阻滞联合全麻对老年下肢骨折术患者血流动力学的影响较小,麻醉效果更好,围术期患者体征稳定,临床应用价值较高。

辅助钢板联合自体单采富血小板血浆治疗长骨骨折髓内固定后骨不连的临床效果

目的分析辅助钢板联合自体单采富血小板血浆(platelet-rich plasma,PRP)移植治疗四肢长骨骨折髓内固定后骨不连的临床疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2022年9月本院骨科创伤病区收治的四肢长骨干骨折髓内固定后骨不连患者33名,其中男28名,女5名;年龄22~55岁,平均为(37.2±6.7)岁。按入院顺序分为试验组(n=15)与对照组(n=18)。所有患者均保留髓内固定,骨折端加用重建钢板固定。试验组15例自体髂骨移植联合术中及术后使用自体单采PRP治疗。具体方法为术中将激活的自体PRP与患者自体髂骨充分融合后移植于骨缺损部位,术后借助超声引导,精准定位,术后14、28 d分别注射自体PRP 10 mL/(人)次;对照组18例仅以自体髂骨移植于骨缺损部位。随访观察并比较2组患者骨折临床愈合情况。结果33名患者均获得完整随访,随访时间9~30个月,平均(11.8±2.7)月;试验组与对照组比较,临床骨折愈合时间(月)为(5.25±1.18)vs(7.27±1.38)(P<0.05);术后6个月愈合率为93.3%(14/15)vs 61.1%(11/18)(P<0.05)。结论辅助钢板联合术中及术后使用自体单采PRP可促进四肢长骨干骨折髓内固定后骨不连愈合,利于患者早期功能锻炼。

长骨骨折动物模型的研究进展

创伤性骨折及应力性骨折为骨科常见疾病,其愈合过程中的骨转换、骨修复以及促进骨折愈合的相关研究具有广泛的发展前景。基础医学实验常选用动物四肢长骨骨折模型来研究各种干预措施对骨折愈合的作用机制,而骨折愈合是一个受到多因素影响,并涉及多分子、多通路的复杂过程。因此,为了更深入地探究其作用机制、加速成果转化和提高临床疗效,在实验研究中选择适宜的动物骨折模型制造方法显得尤为重要。基于此,本文对实验研究中常用作长骨骨折模型的动物种类和造模方法进行文献综述,归纳出骨缺损法、物理撞击法、力学弯折法、开放截骨法和钻孔法等5种方法,并对其优缺点及适用范围进行横向对比,旨在为骨折愈合干预机制研究提供适宜的骨折模型参考。

半髋关节置换术中应用加长柄骨水泥型假体治疗老年股骨转子间骨折患者的可行性分析

目的分析老年股骨转子间骨折患者半髋关节置换术中应用加长柄骨水泥型假体的可行性。方法选取2018年12月至2021年6月麻城市第二人民医院收治的104例老年股骨转子间骨折患者作为研究对象,根据骨水泥型假体类型分为骨水泥组(n=53)与生物型组(n=51)。两组均行半髋关节置换术治疗,骨水泥组半髋关节置换术中应用加长柄骨水泥型假体,生物型组半髋关节置换术中应用生物型加长柄。比较两组手术疗效、手术相关指标及视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、Barthel指数(BI)评分、髋关节活动度及术后并发症发生率。结果两组手术优良率比较差异无统计学意义。骨水泥组手术时间长于生物型组,总失血量、术后引流量及术后输血量均少于生物型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组首次下床活动时间比较差异无统计学意义。术后3 d、1周,两组VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义;术后1周,两组VAS评分均低于术后3 d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1个月,两组BI评分比较差异无统计学意义;术后3个月,两组BI评分均高于术后1个月,且骨水泥组高于生物型组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后,两组髋关节屈曲、内旋、外旋、内收、外展活动度均大于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组间比较差异无统计学意义。两组术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论半髋关节置换术中应用加长柄骨水泥型假体治疗老年股骨转子间骨折,可减少手术失血量,提高患者日常生活能力,改善髋关节功能。

钢板螺钉内固定技术治疗四肢长管骨创伤骨折患者的效果及对VAS评分、不良事件发生情况的影响

目的探讨钢板螺钉内固定技术治疗四肢长管骨创伤骨折患者的效果及对视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、不良事件发生情况的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2023年1月收治的80例四肢长管骨创伤骨折患者为研究对象,依据不同治疗方案将其分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组应用闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定术治疗,观察组应用钢板螺钉内固定技术治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的手术时间、住院时间及骨折愈合时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表(FMA)评分均升高,VAS评分均降低,且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的心理健康、躯体功能、角色状态及社会功能评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的骨钙素(BGP)、Ⅰ型前胶原羧基端肽(PⅠCP)水平均升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的不良事件总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论钢板螺钉内固定技术治疗四肢长管骨创伤患者的效果较好,其不仅可缩短手术时间,加快康复进程,改善肢体功能,还能降低疼痛程度,进一步提高生活质量,防范不良事件,值得推广与应用。

四肢长骨骨折患者术后应用多学科协作式疼痛管理的临床效果观察

目的 观察四肢长骨骨折患者术后采取多学科协作式疼痛管理(pMDT)模式的效果。方法 抽取2021年6月—2022年6月于中山大学附属第八医院就诊的四肢长骨骨折手术患者65例为研究对象,采取红蓝信封法分设参比组(常规护理,n=32)、分析组(pMDT模式护理,n=33)。比较术后各项康复指标差异;比较两组患者术后1d、术后2d、术后3d疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)]评分;比较干预前及干预1周后两组患者应对方式[采用简易应对问卷(SCSQ)]差异;比较干预1周后疼痛控制满意度[休斯顿疼痛情况调查表(HPOI)]差异。结果 与参比组比较,分析组住院时间、切口愈合时间、下床活动时间均显著更短,术后1d、术后2d、术后3d VAS评分显著更低(P<0.05);干预1周后分析组VAS评分及SCSQ消极应对评分更低(P<0.05);疼痛控制各项满意度均显著高于参比组(P<0.05)。结论 将pMDT模式应用于四肢长骨骨折术后护理中,能缓解患者术后疼痛,改善应对方式,促进术后康复,提高疼痛护理满意度,有较高临床应用价值。