New Passenger Services in Railway Stations Based on Mode Group Diversity Multiplexing Optical Fiber Communications

Nowadays, because of its wide bandwidth and high communication capability, the optical fiber is more and more used for high data rate transmission of information in railway environments. Conventionally, only one service is sent over the fiber at a time. However, many different services can be simultaneously conveyed in railway stations such as passenger information service, cellular phone, Wi-Fi... The objective of the work proposed in this paper is to demonstrate the potential benefits of transmitting radio signals over fiber in a railway environment. The main idea is to exploit the full capacity of the fiber by transmitting multiple services using the same fiber. Since, different services are operating in different frequency bands; we propose a new multiplexing technique called Mode Group Diversity Multiplexing （MGDM） to ensure the transmission of multiple services using the same fiber, without additional infrastructure. There are numerous advantages of the proposed technique, e.g., faster and reliable data exchange, high resolution video surveillance capability, high data rate information exchange in railway stations. We present, in this paper, the physical characteristics of optical fibers, performance of MGDM multiplexing technique, and the influence of the laser excitation conditions at the entrance of the fiber on the performances of the system.

Technical Research and Innovative Practice of Excellent Passenger Stations Design

The key points and strategies of the design of railway passenger stations in the new era are described.The distinctive features,design innovation points and design elements of high-quality projects of large transport hubs are analyzed through dissecting two cases of completed projects,ie Xiong'an Station and Beijing Chaoyang Station.In the light of the general requirements for passenger station construction of China State Railway Group Co.Lid the paper elaborates the development and application trends of railway passenger stations ofthe new erain terms of environmental protection,energy saving,economic efficiency,culture,convenient circulation and intelligence.In addition,new concepts,new technologies and new materials are actively developed and key technologies of the design of iconic excellent passenger stations of the new era are explored and summarized.

Metro passenger flow control with station-to-station cooperation based on stop-skipping and boarding limiting

Metro passenger flow control problem is studied under given total inbound demand in this work,which considers passenger demand control and train capacity supply.Relevant connotations are analyzed and a mathematical model is developed.The decision variables are boarding limiting and stop-skipping strategies and the objective is the maximal passenger profit.And a passenger original station choice model based on utility theory is built to modify the inbound passenger distribution among stations.Algorithm of metro passenger flow control scheme is designed,where two key technologies of stopping-station choice and headway adjustment are given and boarding limiting and train stopping-station scheme are optimized.Finally,a real case of Beijing metro is taken for example to verify validity.The results show that in the three scenarios with different ratios of normal trains to stop-skipping trains,the total limited passenger volume is the smallest and the systematic profit is the largest in scenario 3.

Importance Analysis of Urban Rail Transit Network Station Based on Passenger

Current urban rail transit has become a major mode of transportation, and passenger is an important factor of urban rail transport, so this article is based on passenger and the degree of the road network structure, calculating the point intensity of stations of urban rail transit, and then reaching a station importance by integrating many point intensities in a survey cycle time, and getting the station importance of urban rail transit network through concrete examples.

Optimization Scheme of Large Passenger Flow in Huoying Station,Line 13 of Beijing Subway System

This paper focuses on the distribution of passenger flow in Huoying Station,Line 13 of Beijing subway system.The transformation measures taken by Line 13 since operation are firstly summarized.Then the authors elaborate the facilities and equipment of this station,especially the node layout and passenger flow field.An optimization scheme is proposed to rapidly distribute the passenger flow in Huoying Station by adjusting the operation time of the escalator in the direction of Xizhimen.The authors adopt Queuing theory and Anylogic simulation software to simulate the original and the optimized schemes of Huoying Station to distribute the passenger flow.The results of the simulation indicate that the optimized scheme could effectively alleviate the traffic congestion in the hall of Huoying Station,and the pedestrian density in other places of the hall is lowered;passengers could move freely in the hall and no new congestion points would form.The rationality of the scheme is thus proved.

Analysis on Passenger Flow Characteristics of Subway Station Pedestrian Facilities

It is possible to improve the service level of the new subway station by analysing the passenger flow characteristics and optimizing the design of the pedestrian facilities of a station. In this paper, through the investigation of passenger flow status of different types of subway station on different sections, and analysis of the passenger flow characteristics of pedestrian facilities, such as station channels, stairs and escalators, some suggestions of pedestrian facilities parameters of the station design are put forward.

Passenger Flow Status Evaluation in Subway Station Based on Probabilistic Neural Network

This paper select the escalator with large flow in the station as the object, analysing the correlation of the AFC data of the in and out gates and the passenger flow parameters by passenger flow density and the passing time acquired and calculated in the waiting area of the prediction escalator to select the gates related to the predicted the escalator. NARX neural network is used to predict the model of the passenger flow parameters of the escalator waiting area based on the related gates＇ AFC data, then a probabilistic neural network model was established by using the AFC data and predicted passenger flow parameters as input and the passenger flow status in the escalator waiting area of subway station as output.The result shows the predicting model can predict the passenger flow status of the escalator waiting area better by the AFC data in the subway station. Research result can provide decision basis for the operation management of the subway station.

Research on Practice of Excellent Railway Passenger Station Construction and High-quality Development

Taking the construction of excellent passenger stations in Beijing-Tianjin-AHebei region as the research object,the paper discusses the implementation of the new concept of building up“well-connected fully-integrated,envioment-friendlyy passenger-oriented,economically-eficient,culturally-rich intelligent and convenient”railway passenger stations It then strives to analyze the connotation of an excellent railway passenger station,the construction and management methods,and the innovation of the working mechanism in the new era.It offers thoughts and methods for promoting the highquality development in the practice of construction for innovative development of excellent passenger stations.

Implementing New Requirements of Passenger Station Construction and Building Excellent Passenger Station

In line with the new concept of building up a“well-connected,fullyi integrated,environment-friendlypassenger-oriented,economically-efficient,culturally-rich,intelligent and convenient”railway station and the construction requirements of"elaborate,fine and exquisite construction of excellent passenger stations" put forward by China State Railway Group Co.Ltd.,design optimization and innovation are carried out in the construction of Nantongxi Railway Station and Pingtan Station in the aspects offunctional layout,decoration style,cultural enhancement,construction materials to be used,details treatment of the station buildings and the use of photoelectric technology,focusing on the consideration and research for furrther enhancing cultural confidence,deeply integrating into the regional features,inheriting historical context,innovating artistic expression,trying diversified integration,and exploring the use of science and technology in the contexl 0f the new era,and thus devoting to the construction of railway passenger stations in the new era which will meet the growing needs of the people for a better life.

New-concept Design Innovation of Passenger Station Construction for Qinghe Railway Station of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR

Qinghe Railway Station is the largest passenger station along the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR and will serve as the originating station of this line during the A 2022 Winter Olympics.It is also one of the eight major passenger stations in.Beijing.During the construction of this station,all units involved in the construction have made their effors to learn and understand the new concept of building up a“well-connected,filly-integrated,environment-friendly,passenger-oriented,economically-efficient,culturally-rich,inelligent and convenient”passenger station in the new era.Qinghe Railway Station of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR was completed and opened to traffic by the end of 2019 through exploration of new-concept design innovation for passenger station construction in the new era,which was widely praised by the general public.The paper summarizes how the new design concept of passenger station construction is innovated and implemented during the construction of Qinghe Railway Station,thus providing a reference for the future construction of passenger stations.

Research on Management Innovation and Development for Railway Passenger Station Construction

Based on the general high-quality development requirements for railway construction in the new era,combined with the new concept of railway passenger stations of China State Railway Group Co.Ltd,namely"being well-connected,fully-integrated,environmeni-friendlypassenger-oriented,economically-efficient,culturally-rich,intelligent and convenient"and aiming at the construction of exemplary passenger station projects,this paper summarizes the construction experience in construction,decoration furnishing culture and art expression of railway passenger stations,proposes the working patterns of formulating the implementation plans of exemplary railway passenger station projects and the expert reviews in innovative way studies and forms 6 special-subject designs such as for colorshape,space,environment,art and culture,as wellas the specific design requirements for 13 key areas including waiting hall entrance and exit corridor;VIP room,etc.,and summarizes and puts forward the construction management system of railway passenger stations in the new era,so as to ensure the expected exemplary project quality of railway passenger stations.

铁路智能客站数字孪生模型研究

铁路智能客站数字孪生模型是智能客站的重要组成部分,对于客运组织方案、设备配置及布局优化、安全应急等仿真具有重要意义。研究提出智能客站数字孪生五维模型,给出客站物理实体、客站数字孪生体、客站虚实连接、客站孪生数据、客站孪生体服务的内涵;设计客站孪生体服务的具体内容,包括可视化调度指挥、可视化监控运维等车站可视化服务,以及客运组织方案仿真、设备配置及布局优化模拟、安全应急仿真、环境舒适度调控仿真等模拟仿真服务;研究客站数字孪生体虚拟静模型与动行为模型建模关键技术。构建清河站数字孪生体并开展试验,验证可视化调度指挥、设备虚拟巡检、车站安全应急仿真等功能,实现清河站通过数字孪生体全面掌控车站状况。

深圳市轨道交通车站与土地利用互动性研究

城市轨道交通与土地利用发展相互影响,两者协调发展有助于缓解城市交通拥堵,是城市可持续发展的关键问题之一.利用中国深圳市1999年与2015年的建筑普查、土地利用以及轨道交通车站刷卡数据,从开发强度、用地信息熵、车站类型及早晚高峰客流量等多个指标精细化分析轨道交通车站运能与周边土地利用之间的内在联系,并引入“节点-场所”模型构建指标体系评价轨道交通车站与土地利用间的发展协调程度,利用k-means聚类分析将二者协调状态划分为从属状态、平衡状态及失衡状态.结果表明,随着轨道交通车站开发建设,深圳市轨道交通车站周边土地集约利用水平提高;车站客流量与周边土地利用指标的相关性显著,全天客流量与容积率和商办建筑面积显著正相关,早高峰客流量与居住建筑面积和建筑密度显著正相关,而与容积率显著负相关,晚高峰客流量则与商办建筑面积和道路网密度显著正相关.深圳市轨道交通车站与站点周边土地利用协调发展水平偏低,站点类型以节点和场所价值低度均衡发展的从属状态为主,而协调状态则较少且集中分布在中心区圈层.未来应进一步对失衡节点地区采取针对性的开发策略,提升集聚效应与服务水平.

基于数字孪生的客站安全态势推演技术研究

为实现铁路客站实时掌握安全变化趋势,将数字孪生技术引入客站安全管理领域。通过设计客站安全态势推演框架,构建客站安全觉察、理解、预测的安全态势感知模型和安全结果的推演4层体系;设计基于数字孪生的客站安全态势推演框架;根据旅客乘车流程为主线,抽取日常与突发事件时,客站人员-设备-列车-作业联动行为变化,形成客站数字孪生协作动行为模型,镜像反映客站安全态势推演过程;并以客站水灾事件为典型案例,细化态势推演协作动行为具体内容。研究结果表明:从外观保真性、数据采集准确性、过程模拟忠诚度3个孪生指标,验证清河站数字孪生技术在客站安全态势推演中的有效性。研究结果可为客站安全管理提供强有力的技术支撑。

地铁车站照度对乘客主观情绪和视觉绩效认知的影响研究

[目的]合理的照明环境对提高地铁车站服务水平、保证乘客疏散安全、促进公共交通可持续发展起着重要作用。为促进地铁车站照明环境设计的科学化和合理化,需研究地铁车站不同照度环境对乘客主观情绪和视觉绩效认知的影响。[方法]采用眼动追踪技术、视觉绩效认知评估技术、三维情绪评估模型相结合的方法,提出了眼动试验评估、视觉绩效认知评估、主观情绪评估3个评估类别共计8个参数的计算方法。设置了试验流程,将照度作为自变量,选取了5个照度水平进行试验研究。构建了不同照度同乘客主观情绪、视觉绩效认知参数之间的关系模型,并对试验结果分别进行了单因素方差分析、相关度分析及综合分析。[结果及结论]照度对乘客主观PAD(愉悦度、唤醒度、控制度)、视觉绩效认知均有显著影响。提高乘客的愉悦度和唤醒度,能够缩短乘客的视觉认知时间。照度在200~230 lx时,乘客的主观情绪、视觉绩效认知水平均达到最优。

基于站城融合视角的铁路客站更新策略研究——以日本诸多车站为例

现阶段我国既有铁路客站出现不能满足旅客出行、城市发展需求等问题。在此背景下,文章基于“站城融合”视角,提出铁路客站建设规模与人流量不匹配、建设模式与城市脱节、支撑更新相关政策缺乏等问题;进而结合虎之门、土浦、云雀丘等日本典型车站案例,针对相似问题的处理策略进行深入分析总结;最后从规划、建筑和政策三个维度提出更新设计策略。文章对铁路与城市协同更新建设和相关部门政策颁布有借鉴意义。

铁路客站屋盖结构传感器优化布置关键技术及软件开发研究

合理的传感器布设是站房结构健康监测的前提,也是响应信息精准采集的关键。针对既有传感器应变测点位置模糊、布设方法缺失等问题,以规范条文及模型分析结果为依据,基于Python语言编译并开发了铁路客站屋盖传感器优化布置程序。该程序旨在通过自定义限值筛选及智能优化算法,辅助工程人员更加高效地实现动、静态传感器的筛选及优化布置,避免传感器布置冗余造成的信号干扰及成本浪费,最大程度提高结构响应的覆盖率和灵敏度。研究结果表明:(1)该程序可直观显示需要应变监测的杆件,并清晰展示测点沿杆件方向的位置及其在构件截面的具体坐标,解决传统布设方式应变监测点模糊的问题;(2)基于粒子群优化算法及最小模态置信准则原理的加速度传感器布设方式,提高了测点布置的合理性和科学性,弥补了以经验为主导的传感器布置方法的不足;(3)该程序操作界面简单,在满足工程人员对监测点布设方案制定需求的基础上,提高了传感器筛选优化的效率。

高铁客站建设的创新实践

随着国家战略发展布局需要,铁路枢纽高铁站房建设规模和数量剧增,为客站品质、乘客体验提升带来了新的挑战。以近年来中铁建工集团有限公司承建的铁路站房为例,按照“畅通融合、绿色温馨、经济艺术、智能便捷”的建设方针和“精心、精细、精致、精品”的站房建设新要求,从客站建设的新思路、新技术、新工艺和新标准4个维度,结合客站建设实践经验,梳理新时代高铁客站建设的创新方法,为我国高铁站房建设进一步向智能化、工业化、人文化、绿色化方向发展提供有益参考。

南宁北站地域文化融合与绿色生态构建研究实践

以南宁北站精品站房为例,介绍其作为贵南高铁重要节点的设计与建设情况。从壮乡文化与交通建筑融合、地域特征与空间环境融合、民族文化与建筑细部结合等方面,阐述南宁北站将地域文化、城市特色以及传统文化元素巧妙融入现代交通枢纽的建筑设计中。通过对体现建筑标志性、突出在地性和展示文化性等方面的研究实践,提出在站房设计中不仅要关注功能性、美观性和舒适性,更需要重视适应地域气候、建构一体化、融合地域文化表达的设计理念和创作方法。

城市客运站点在城市空间结构形成与演化中的作用--以南京市为例

城市客运站点作为城际客流与城市客流的衔接点,既是城市客运体系中的关键节点,也是承载城市功能的重要场所,在城市空间结构的形成演化中具有重要作用。在分析城市客运站点对城市空间结构形成演化的作用机制基础上,以南京江南主城区为例,梳理了百余年来城市主要客运站点的变迁过程,利用POI数据从城市和站区两个层面分析了2007年以来城市空间结构的演化,探讨了客运站点变迁与城市空间结构演化两者之间的关系。研究结果表明,城市客运站点在节点层面上引导了城市拓展方向,并通过增长极效应影响城市空间结构,在场所层面上促进了站区圈层状空间格局的形成;南京城市空间在拓展方向上与主要客运站点的外迁方向一致,客运站运营状态深刻影响站区城市功能演化,客运站建成运营将提升城市功能活跃度,促进商务服务集聚,客运站停运后的再开发方案影响站区城市功能,商业开发将维持站区的活跃度,但功能闲置将降低站区城市功能活跃度。