INTERFACE DAMAGE ANALYSIS OF FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES WITH DUCTILE MATRIX

A cohesive zone model is employed to simulate the fiber/matrix interface damage of composites with ductile matrix. The study is carried out to investigate the dependence of the interface damage and the composite tensile strength on the micro parameters of the composite. These parameters contain fiber packing pattern, fiber volume fraction, and the modulus ratio of the fiber to the matrix. The investigation reveals that though the high fiber vo lume fraction, the high fiber′s modulus and the square fiber packing can supply strong reinforcement to the composite, the interface damage is susceptible in these cases. The tensile strength of the composite is dominated by the interface strength when the interface debonding occurs.

Effect of Silane Coupling Agent Concentration on Interfacial Properties of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composites

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the concentration of silane coupling solution on the tensile strength of basalt fiber and the interfacial properties of basalt fiber reinforced polymer composites.The surface treatment of basalt fibers was carried out using an aqueous alcohol solution method.Basalt fibers were subjected to surface treatment with 3-Methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane at 0.5 wt.%,1 wt.%,2 wt.%,4 wt.%and 10 wt.%.The basalt monofilament tensile tests were carried out to investigate the variation in strength with the concentration of the silane coupling agent.The microdroplet test was performed to examine the effect of the concentration of the silane coupling agent on interfacial strength of basalt reinforced polymer composites.The film was formed on the surface of the basalt fiber treated silane coupling agent solution.The tensile strength of basalt fiber increased because the damaged fiber surface was repaired by the firm of silane coupling agent.The firm was effective in not only the surface protection of basalt fiber but also the improvement on the interfacial strength of fiber-matrix interface.However,the surface treatment using the high concentration silane coupling agent solution has an adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the composite materials,because of causing the degradation of the interfacial strength of the composite materials.

Reinforcing effects of modified Kevlar~ fiber on the mechanical properties of wood-flour/polypropylene composites

Kevlar fiber （KF） is a synthesized product with strong mechanical properties. We used KF as a reinforcement to improve the mechanical properties of wood-flour/polypropylene （WF/PP） composites. KF was pretreated with NaOH to improve its compatibility with the thermoplastic matrix. Maleated polypropylene （MAPP） was used as a coupling agent to improve the interfacial adhesion between KF, WF, and PP. Incorporation of KF improved the mechanical properties of WF/PP composites. Treatment of KF with NaOH resulted in further improvement in mechanical strength. Addition of 3% MAPP and 2% hydrolyzed KF （HKF） led to an increment of 93.8% in unnotched impact strength, 17.7% in notched impact strength, 86.8% in flexure strength, 50.8% in flexure modulus, and 94.1% in tensile strength compared to traditional WF/PP composites. Scanning electron microscopy of the cryo-fractured section of WF/PP showed that the HKF surface was rougher than the virgin KF, and the KF was randomly distributed in the composites, which might cause a mechanical interlocking between KF and polypropylene molecules in the composites.

Study of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene Effect on Resin Impregnated Bamboo Fiber Polypropylene Composit

Previously, Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and phenolic resin were used for resin impregnated bamboo fiber reinforced PP composites which was manufactures for resin impregnated bamboo fiber with polypropylene (PP). Resin impregnation method can show improvement on tensile strength of fiber. However, to reduce the contact surface area and low inter-facial shear strength (IFSS) between impregnated resin and matrix, using 40% weight fraction of bamboo fiber in PP matrix, PVA impregnated composites with mean flexural and tensile strength 10% higher than untreated composites were produced butphenolic resin impregnated fiber reinforced composition’s mechanical properties were decreased. In this study maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used to increase interfacial shear strength between resin impregnated fiber and PP. With 10% MAPP, IFSS between resin impregnated fiber and PP increased more than 100% and reinforced composites. MAPP with untreated, phenolic resin and PVA impregnated cases showed similar mechanical properties. Yet in water absorption test, the PVA treatment with bamboo/PP composites increased water absorption ratio. But with 10% MAPP, matrix PP water absorption ratio decreased like phenolic resin impregnated fiber reinforced composites. 10% MAPP with resin impregnated bamboo fiber reinforced PP composites can improve IFSS, mechanical properties of composite and can decrease water absorption PVA resin impregnated bamboo fiber reinforced composites.

Observation and Study of Fracture Behaviour for Fiber Reinforced Cement

Polypropylene, carbon, aramid and polyethylene fibers reinforced cement composites were fabricated respectively. Their fracture behaviors were observed using scanning electron microscopy and the bonding between fiber and matrix was observed in detail.

Fatigue properties of special kind of reinforced concrete composite beams

The special reinforced concrete composite beam consists of a steel fiber reinforced self-stressing concrete composite layer and a reinforced concrete T-beam, and constructional bars are set up at their bonding interface. Fatigue properties of the composite beam under the action of negative moment were experimentally studied. Through inverted loading mode the load-beating state of a composite beam was simulated under the action of negative moment. With the ratios of constructional bars being 0, 0.082% and 0.164% respectively as parameters, the effects of constructional bars on the properties of composite beam, such as fatigue life, crack propagation, rigidity loss as well as damage behavior of bonding interface, were studied. The mechanism of the constructional bars on the fatigue properties of the composite beams and the restriction mechanism of crack widths and rigidity loss were analyzed. The test results show that the constructional bars can enhance the shear resistance of the bonding interface between composite layer and old concrete beam and restrict expanding of steel fiber reinforced self-stressing concrete, which are beneficial to synergistic action of composite layer and old concrete beam, to reducing the stress amplitude of bars and the crack width of composite layer, and to increasing the durability and fatigue life of the composite beam.

Facile preparation of a SiC@SiO_(2)nanowire-toughened ZrB_(2)-SiC/SiC bilayer coating with good interfacial bonding,high toughness,and excellent cyclic ablation resistance on C/CA composites

Preparing antioxidant coatings to address the inherent oxidation sensitivity of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon aerogel(C/CA)composites is a feasible way to promote their application in oxidizing environments as thermal insulation materials.However,preparing the coatings with excellent oxidation and ablation resistance while avoiding evident damage to the C/CA substrate still remains a challenge.Herein,a SiC@SiO_(2)nanowire-toughened ZrB2–SiC/SiC bilayer coating with a large thickness of 500μm was prepared on C/CA using a one-step low-temperature reaction sintering method,which simultaneously formed a sintered outer layer with even-distributed nanowires and a siliconized gradient inner layer.By courtesy of the synergic thermal response of the layers and the crack deflection induced by the nanowires,the resulting coating has moderate residual compressive stress of 0.08–1.22 GPa in the interface,high interfacial bonding strength of 6.02 MPa,and good fracture toughness of 4.36 MPa·m^(1/2).Benefited from the optimum components and improved structure,the coating shows excellent cyclic ablation resistance with linear ablation rates of 0.1μm/s at 1650℃for 1500 s(300 s×5 cycles)and 0.4μm/s at 1850℃for 900 s(300 s×3 cycles).The one-step preparation strategy contributes to little damage to the substrate,thus showing the well-preserved mechanical and thermal insulation properties.

Study on SCS-6/Ti-6A1-4V Composite

Fiber reinforced titanium matrix composite is considered as a superior material for advanced lightweight aerospace application. Fiber/matrix interfacial reaction has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of the composites. The SCS-6 SiC fiber reinforced Ti-6Al-4V matrix composite was prepared by foil-fiber-foil (FFF) method at ONERA, France. Stripe samples were cut from the as-consolidated composites and sealed in silicon carbide tube. One group of the samples were annealed for 58h at 550°C, 700°C, 850°C and 1000°C, the other group were annealed at 1000°C for 43h, 58h, 80h, lOOh, respectively. The interface investigation indicated that the connection between SiC fiber and the matrix is favorite in the composite. And the interface width for as-consolidated composite is only about 0.8um. The interface width increase with the prolong of annealing time and the increase of annealing temperature. But the increment for the latter is not as high as the former one, which means the annealing time may be the prior factor to influence the interface reaction. The interface width for the composite annealed at 1000°C for lOOh is about 20um. Interface composition of the composite detected by EDX is as follows: Ti 87.58 wt %, V 4.91 wt %, Al 4.06wt%, Si 3.45 wt %.

纤维增强热塑性复合材料/金属连接界面调控研究进展

综述了纤维增强热塑性复合材料/金属界面连接机制和界面调控的国内外研究动态,涵盖粘附和机械结合两种机制。简要概述了粘附机制的主要结合力类型,探讨了粘附机制下连接界面轻度较差的原因;重点关注了机械方法、化学方法、金属表面增材处理和激光加工4类机械结合界面调控方法,其中化学方法的使用会对环境造成一定危害,且难以精确控制微结构的形貌尺寸。而金属表面增材制备微观结构的方法目前还存在难以实现完全锚固且易变形造成应力集中的问题。利用高能量密度激光对金属表面进行粗化、清洗以及引入化学基团,可以在毫米、微米和纳米等不同尺度下调控微结构形貌,对接头强度的改善效果远高于喷砂、喷丸、砂纸打磨、铣削加工等机械方法。同时,超快脉冲激光与材料相互作用时间极短,热影响小,能加工出跨尺度复合结构,相比于其他金属表面处理方式,超快激光表面处理能更大程度上提高接头强度。

电化学修饰碳纤维表面技术研究进展

高性能碳纤维与复合材料基体之间的界面构筑是充分发挥碳纤维优异力学性能的关键。电化学修饰作为一种有效的碳纤维表面改性方法,在碳纤维复合材料的设计与制造过程中得到了较为广泛的应用。本文综述了近年来基于电化学方法,包括电化学氧化、电化学接枝及电化学沉积等,对碳纤维惰性表面进行修饰改性的研究进展,并对将来电化学修饰碳纤维的发展前景和方向进行了展望。

纤维束拉伸件几何尺寸对界面横向拉伸强度影响分析

纤维与基体的界面对复合材料的力学性能和耐久性有很大影响。相比于传统界面测试方法得到的界面剪切强度(IFSS),采用横向纤维束拉伸试验测得的横向拉伸界面强度可直观地反映纤维束与树脂间的界面性能,同时不受纤维组织微结构的影响,是树脂传递模塑(Resin transfer moul-ding, RTM)成型三维机织复合材料性能预测所需的重要参数。本工作建立了一种考虑纤维与树脂的热膨胀系数差异以及树脂固化收缩影响的横向纤维束拉伸试样的有限元模型,分析界面处的横向应力分布和破坏模式。然后用RTM工艺制备碳纤维束增强环氧树脂横向拉伸试验件,结果验证了模型的准确性。比较不同横向拉伸试样在界面处的受力状态,结果表明,十字型试样能有效改善边缘应力集中的现象,且在界面中心区域受力均匀,得到的横向拉伸强度更加精确。此外,讨论了十字型样品的伸出端宽度、长度等特征尺寸以及增强纤维类型对测试结果的影响。在选择纤维束横向拉伸试样时,为获得更加准确的界面横向拉伸强度,试样伸出端的宽度应尽可能大一些,但需要小于伸出端总长度的1/2以获得理想的破坏模式。

连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料嵌件注射成型研究进展

连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料的嵌件注射成型工艺通过结合连续和非连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料的优势,提升了产品的力学性能和生产效率,广泛应用于航空航天和新能源汽车领域。介绍了连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料嵌件注射成型工艺特点及应用,综述了材料体系、界面改性、工艺参数对嵌件注射成型制件界面结合性能和力学性能的影响。最后总结了嵌件注射成型复合材料目前研究存在的问题以及提升界面性能的方法,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。

基于上浆处理的碳纤维/聚丙烯纤维毡复合材料的制备及性能研究

碳纤维/热塑性树脂基复合材料因其综合性能好、耐变形、可循环利用等优异性能在复合材料领域拥有良好前景,界面作为两相的过渡区域,起到应力传递作用,对复合材料的力学性能有重要影响。通常采用上浆剂使碳纤维表面改性,从而提高界面结合能力。本文针对一种碳纤维/聚丙烯混合毡进行上浆,采用模压成型制备复合材料。通过透气性、透光性测试分析了上浆均匀性和对混合毡结构的效果,通过拉伸、弯曲及冲击试验研究了上浆对复合材料力学性能的影响效果,并分析了上浆剂的作用机理。结果表明,上浆后,复合材料的拉伸强度提高了22.52%,弯曲强度提高了7.57%,冲击强度提高了39.07%。

纤维掺量对花岗岩残积土剪切特性的影响

为探究纤维掺量对花岗岩残积土的剪切特性的影响,采用气动直剪仪对纤维加筋花岗岩残积土试样进行直剪试验。考虑纤维掺量、剪切速率、竖向应力等因素,分析不同剪切速率和竖向应力下纤维掺量对花岗岩残积土剪切特性的影响。试验结果表明:竖向应力为300 kPa时,与未掺纤维相比,纤维掺量分别为0.3%、0.6%、0.9%时,剪切强度分别增加了23%、46.1%、79.2%,即掺加纤维对花岗岩残积土剪切强度有明显的增强作用。内摩擦角随着纤维掺量的增加而增大,黏聚力随着纤维掺量的增加而增加。低竖向应力下,土样先剪缩再剪胀;高竖向应力下,土样只发生剪缩。在低速剪切的情况下,剪切速率对花岗岩残积土的剪切强度特性影响较小;剪胀程度随剪切速率增加而增强。

模拟地震作用下PP-ECC桥墩抗弯性能试验研究

为研究聚丙烯纤维水泥基复合材料(PP-ECC)桥墩与普通混凝土桥墩在压弯荷载作用下承载力差异,本文通过拟静力试验对6个局部采用PP-ECC桥墩和2个普通混凝土桥墩的抗弯性能进行试验研究。结合PP-ECC桥墩的破坏过程,确定PP-ECC桥墩的压弯破坏的特征点,之后基于PP-ECC材料的简化本构模型推导出PP-ECC桥墩的理论开裂、屈服和极限荷载公式。对PP-ECC材料进行单轴拉伸和单轴压缩试验,得到简化PP-ECC本构模型的特征参数,通过试验结果对计算结果进行验证,并对比不同轴压比和PP-ECC区高度下桥墩的抗弯承载力、最大变形的差异。结果表明:PP-ECC桥墩在开裂之后,受拉区PP-ECC并未退出工作,而是协同受拉钢筋参与截面受力;PP-ECC桥墩在达到极限荷载时,裂缝稳态发展,没有出现普通混凝土桥墩保护层混凝土大面积剥落的情况;局部采用PP-ECC桥墩极限荷载时最大变形较普通混凝土桥墩有较大提升,且增加轴压比会降低桥墩的变形能力;在较高轴压比下增加PP-ECC区高度,桥墩的抗弯承载力提升了8.8%;使用简化本构模型计算PP-ECC桥墩特征点抗弯承载力时计算精度为0.86~1.13,且方差分析值偏小,具备良好的计算精度。

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的界面

从碳纤维、树脂基体、界面3个层次对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的界面研究进行了综述,重点介绍了碳纤维表面特性表征及改性方法、树脂基体特性及改性方法和界面分析表征手段,由此提出了纤维/树脂界面的研究路线,简要分析了复合材料界面研究的前景与趋势。为了实现纤维/树脂界面的良好匹配,充分发挥碳纤维复合材料的性能优势,需完善界面表征手段、明确界面微观性能与复合材料宏观性能的关系、深化研究界面对复合材料湿热性能及失效模式的影响等。

玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料研究进展

对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的研究近况进行了简单介绍,对其界面改性、增韧增强、结晶行为、长切玻璃纤维增强、材料性能及成型工艺条件进行了较详细的讨论,并对该复合材料今后的研究进行了展望。

玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料界面改性研究

研究了聚丙烯 (PP)微粒与马来酸酐 (MAH)在紫外线辐照下进行接枝反应。考察了单体MAH的用量、辐照时间等对接枝率的影响 ,以及接枝率与复合材料弯曲强度和冲击韧性的关系。通过IR、DSC和力学性能测试表明 ,在紫外线辐照下可实现PP -MAH固相接枝 ,而且接枝PP含量的提高使复合材料的弯曲强度和冲击韧性得到改善。

纤维增强脆性基复合材料的力学性能和破裂过程研究

研究了弱界面长纤维增强脆性基复合材料在单轴拉伸荷载下的力学性能及其破裂机理和破坏过程。采用基于细观损伤力学基础上开发的针对材料破坏过程分析的MFPA2D数值模拟程序,考虑材料物理力学参数在细观尺度上的非均匀性,对复合材料的变形、损伤直至失稳破坏的全过程进行数值模拟。结果表明当脆性基体复合纤维后,复合材料的强度、刚度都随之提高,并随纤维的增加而增加;复合材料的韧性也大为增强,可观察到界面脱粘、裂纹偏折、纤维桥联和拔出等现象,并得到相应的声发射模拟结果。

剑麻纤维/玻璃纤维混杂增强聚丙烯复合材料的结构与性能

采用熔融共混和模压成型方法将废剑麻纤维(SF)和玻璃纤维(GF)混杂增强聚丙烯(PP)制备SF/GF/PP木塑复合材料。研究复合材料力学性能、热性能、晶型结构和微观结构,探讨混杂纤维增强基体树脂的界面行为。结果表明:所制得复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量都有不同程度的提高。同时,热稳定性、PP相的结晶速率及结晶度也有所提高,晶态结构无变化,仍是典型的α晶型。