Effect of Reducing Application of Chemical Fertilizers and Chemical Pesticides on Physiological Traits,Yield and Quality of Radish

This paper studied the effect of reducing application of chemical fertilizer,increasing application of functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides on physiological traits,yield and quality of radish. The results showed that applying functional organic fertilizer and trace elements and fully using biological pesticides could help to significantly improve the radish fleshy root yield,increase soluble sugar and vitamin C content,reduce crude fiber and nitrate content,but had no significant influence on radish moisture content,glucosinolates and chlorpyrifos content in organophosphorus pesticides.

Residual Effect of Long Term Application of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on Selected Chemical Properties of a Savanna Alfisol

The residual effect of organic and mineral fertilizers on selected chemical properties of an Alfisol in the long term soil fertility trial established in 1950 at Samaru, Nigerian savanna was assessed. The trial was left fallow for fourteen years due to lack of funds. Topsoil was collected from plots that received three levels of cow dung （D）, nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） in all possible combinations. The soils were analyzed for selected chemical properties. Except for significant effect of applied P on available P, sole application of cow dung, N or P had no significant effect on all the measured soil properties. The interaction of D and P significantly affected the mean values of exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and ECEC in the range of 1.12-1.96, 0.62-1.11, 0.37-0.64 and 2.82-4.11 cmol/kg respectively. The most important results were the ability of the plot that received neither D nor P to significantly increase these parameters than the plots that received only one of the treatments. The results show that the fallow period has changed the effects of application of organic and mineral fertilizers on the soil chemical properties under continuous cultivation by modifying them towards those of a native savanna Alfisol.

Effect of Long-Term Application of K Fertilizer and Wheat Straw to Soil on Crop Yield and Soil K Under Different Planting Systems

Effect of application of K fertilizer and wheat straw to soil on crop yield and status of soil K in the plough layer under different planting systems was studied. The experiments on long-term application of K fertilizer and wheat straw to soil in Hebei fluvo aquic soil and Shanxi brown soil in northern China were begun in 1992. The results showed that K fertilizer and straw could improve the yields of wheat and maize with the order of NPK ＋ St 〉 NPK 〉 NP ＋ St 〉 NP, and treatment of K fertilizer made a significant difference to NP, and the efficiency of K fertilizer in maize was higher than in wheat under rotation system of Hebei. In contrast with Shanxi, the wastage of soil potassium was a more serious issue in the rotation system in Hebei, only treatment of NPK ＋ St showed a surplus of potassium and the others showed a wane. K fertilizer and straw could improve the content of water-soluble K, nonspecifically adsorbed K, non-exchangeable K, mineral K, and total K in contrast to NP; however, K fertilizer and straw reduce the proportion of mineral K and improve proportion of other forms of potassium in the two locating sites. Compared with the beginning of orientation, temporal variability character of soil K content and proportion showed a difference between the two soil types; furthermore, there was a decrease in the content of mineral K and total K simultaneously in the two locating sites. As a whole, the effect of K fertilizer applied to soil directly excelled to wheat straw to soil. Wheat straw to soil was an effective measure to complement potassium to increase crop yield and retard the decrease of soil K.

Effects of Different Nitrogen Applications on Soil Physical, Chemical Properties and Yield in Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.)

Application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is one of the most important approaches on improving maize grain yield. However, as is known to all, overuse N fertilizer not only leads to decline of N use efficiency and maize yield, but also leads to potential risk to environment pollution. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of N fertilizer applications with nine different treatments on soil physical-chemical characters and maize grain yield using hybrid variety Zhengdan 958 in 2011 and 2012. Results indicated that the soil bulk densities of T2 (CK) and T1 were the lowest compared to other treatments in 2011 and 2012, respectively, whereas the soil bulk density of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were higher than other treatments. The soil porosity and field capacity of T5 in 2011 and T3 in 2012 were lower than other treatments, but those of CK in 2011 and T1 in 2012 were higher than other treatments. The pH values of T3 to T7 were lower than other treatments. These results indicated that the soil bulk densities were increased, whereas the soil porosity, field capacity and values pH were decreased by N application at different stages. N application could increase the N contents of leaf and stem, whereas less or excess N application should not significant improve maize yield. Although the soil organic matter and total N contents of T3 were the highest in both 2011 and 2012, the yield of T4 is the highest in both 2011 and 2012. The application amount, period and times of N fertilizer were important to maize yield.

Production Benefits of Double-Cropping Rice Under Optimized Application of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizers Combined with Chinese Milk Vetch and Straw Co-Returning to Fields

In order to explore the technology and effects of reducing nitrogen and potassium fertilizer applications in double-cropping rice,a field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of optimized application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combined with returning Chinese milk vetch and straw to fields on yield,fertilizer utilization efficiency,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci),chlorophyll content(SPAD value)and soil physical and chemical properties in late rice harvest period.The results showed that the optimized application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combined with the integrated technology of Chinese milk vetch and straw co-returning to the field could enhance the photosynthetic efficiency of double-cropping rice,increase rice yield,and enhance soil biological activity,especially T4 treatment involving the returning of Chinese milk vetch and straw to the field instead of 30%nitrogen fertilizer achieved the highest rice yield,fertilizer use efficiency,net photosynthetic rate and soil biological activity.Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment T2,the total rice yield of T4 treatment increased by 4.1%,among which the early rice and late rice increased by 6.3%and 2.4%,respectively;Pn,Gs and SPAD values of flag leaves at full heading stage significantly increased,and the contents of soil active organic carbon,alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and readily available potassium significantly increased.

Effect of Long-Term Fertilization on Organic Nitrogen Forms in a Calcareous Alluvial Soil on the North China Plain

In order to illustrate the change of nitrogen （N） supply capacity after long-term application of manure and chemical fertilizer, as well as to properly manage soil fertility through fertilizer application under the soil-climatic conditions of the North China Plain, organic N forms were quantified in the topsoil with different manure and chemical fertilizer treatments in a 15-year fertilizer experiment in a Chinese calcareous alluvial soil. Soil total N （TN） and various organic N forms were significantly influenced by long-term application of chemical fertilizer and manure. TN, total hydrolysable N, acid-lnsoluble N, amino acid N and ammonium N in the soil increased significantly （P 〈 0.05） with increasing manure and fertilizer N rates, but were not influenced by increasing P rates. Also, application of manure or N fertilizer or P fertilizer did not significantly influence either the quantity of amino sugar N or its proportion of TN. Application of manure significantly increased （P 〈 0.05） hydrolysable unknown N, but adding N or P did not. In addition, application of manure or N fertilizer or P fertilizer did not significantly influence the proportions of different soil organic N forms.

Effect of Long-Term Fertilization on Soil Enzyme Activities Under Different Hydrothermal Conditions in Northeast China

Human activities have altered weather patterns by causing an increase in greenhouse gas. The effects of climate change have been studied, including effects on some ecosystems throughout the world. There are many studies on changes in the soil due to climate change, but much of them did not extend their research to soil enzyme that integrates information on soil microbial status and soil physical-chemical conditions. Meanwhile, there are lots of experimental fields established to study effects of long-term fertilization on soil enzyme activities, but many did not compare the difference of soil enzyme activities and did not analyze the effect of climatic factors on soil enzyme activities with long-term fertilization under different hydrothermal conditions. In this study, we compared soil enzyme activities of three long-fertilization stations which had different hydrothermal conditions in Northeast China, and analyzed the relationship of hydrothermal condition, soil chemical properties with soil enzyme activities. Hydrothermal conditions （annual temperature and total rainfall） decreased in order of Gongzhuling （Jilin Province, China ） Harbin （Heilongjiang Province, China） Heihe （Heilongjiang Province, China） over the course of the long-term fertilization experiment. Sunshine hours showed the longest in Gongzhuling, the second in Heihe, and the last in Harbin. However, the order of soil enzymes was not in agreement with hydrothermal conditions. Overall, the order of soil enzymes for the same treatment among three stations was consistent in 2008 with in 2009. Correlation analysis demonstrated that different soil enzymes achieved the different affected levels by climatic factors under different fertilization treatments. Urease activity showed a significant relationship with sunshine hours in no fertilizer （CK） treatment （R=-0.91, P0.01） and relative humidity in mineral fertilizers plus manure （MNPK） treatment （R=0.82, P0.05）. Phosphatase activity exhibited a negative correlation with annual mean temperature, annual mean maximum temperature and annual mean minimum temperature, and their correlation coefficients were separately -0.83, -0.79, and -0.83 at P0.05 in CK treatment. Invertase activity was highly and positively correlated with sunshine hours in CK treatment （R=0.94, P0.01）. Catalase activity showed significant negative correlations with minimum relative humidity in CK treatment （R=-0.81, P0.05）, and positive correlations with sunshine hours in M treatment （R=0.83, P0.05）. There were no climatic factors which strongly affected on dehydrogenase in all treatments. Soil enzyme activities were closely related to the soil chemical properties. Soil urease activity was positively correlated with available P （P0.05）. With exception of correlation between invertase and total P at P0.05, phosphase, invertase, catalase, and dehydrogenase showed significant positive correlations with soil chemical properties （P0.01）. It was a comprehensive process that biologic and abiotic factors were effect on soil enzyme activities under different fertilization treatments. To sum up, the variation of hydrothermal conditions in different climate zones and soil chemical properties affect integrally metabolic activity and metabolic finger print of microbial communities in black soil.

Effects of long-term fertilization on soil gross N transformation rates and their implications

Application of fertilizer has been found to significantly affect soil N cycling. However, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of long-term fertilization on soil gross N transformation rates is still lacking. We compiled data of observations from 10 long-term fertilization experiments and conducted a meta-analysis of the effects of long-term fertilization on soil gross N transformation rates. The results showed that if chemical fertilizers of N, P and K were applied in balance, soil p H decreased very slightly. There was a significantly positive effect of long-term fertilization, either chemical or organic fertilizers or their combinations, on gross N mineralization rate compared to the control treatment（the mean effect size ranged from 1.21 to 1.25 at 95% confidence intervals（CI） with a mean of 1.23）, mainly due to the increasing soil total N content. The long-term application of organic fertilizer alone and combining organic and chemical fertilizer could increase the mineralization-immobilization turnover, thus enhance available N for plant while reduce N losses potential compared to the control treatment. However, long-term chemical fertilizer application did not significantly affect the gross NH4＋ immobilization rate, but accelerated gross nitrification rate（1.19; 95% CI： 1.08 to 1.31）. Thus, long-term chemical fertilizer alone would probably induce higher N losses potential through NO3– leaching and runoff than organic fertilizer application compared to the control treatment. Therefore, in the view of the effects of long-term fertilization on gross N transformation rates, it also supports that organic fertilizer alone or combination of organic and chemical fertilizer could not only improve crop yield, but also increase soil fertility and reduce the N losses potential.

蔬菜废弃物沼液对土壤性质和生菜品质的影响

比较了不同比例的蔬菜废弃物沼液配施化肥对土壤性质和生菜品质的影响.结果表明:施用沼液后土壤的孔隙率、总氮含量、有机质含量、速效磷、速效钾和pH均升高,提升的幅度大体上随沼液用量的增大而增大;蔬菜废弃物沼液能增加生菜的鲜重,同时可以使生菜的总糖、还原糖和维生素C含量增加,沼液与化肥配施比单独施加沼液的效果好.

部分有机肥代替化肥对中强筋小麦产量及品质的影响

为探索淮北麦区高产、优质中强筋小麦在保持产量和品质情况下的绿色施肥方式。以中强筋小麦‘徐麦44’为材料,研究设计3种施肥方式:单施化肥(T_(1))、1/3有机肥+2/3化肥配施(T_(2))、单施有机肥(T_(3)),通过对籽粒蛋白质含量、粉质质量指数、面粉吸水率、面团的形成时间和稳定时间、粉质质量指数等粉质参数、淀粉含量、淀粉糊化特性、籽粒容重进行测定,并进行差异显著性检验,分析施肥对产量及品质的影响。结果表明,T_(2)处理的产量及其三因素、籽粒容重、沉降值、吸水率、淀粉含量、糊化特性与T_(1)处理相比均无显著差异,而籽粒蛋白质含量、形成时间、稳定时间、粉质质量指数均显著高于T_(1)处理,弱化度显著低于T_(1)处理;与T_(1)、T_(2)处理相比,T_(3)处理显著降低了中强筋小麦的产量及其三因素、蛋白质含量、容重、沉降值以及粉质参数,但是增加了籽粒的淀粉含量和糊化特性相关参数。T_(2)处理在减少化肥施用量的情况下能够稳定小麦产量与品质,甚至在有些品质参数上有所提升,提高了中强筋小麦的面筋强度及加工品质,这在淮北麦区高产、优质中强筋小麦生产绿色施肥方式的探索上有一定指导意义。

化肥减量配施有机肥对木薯生长及根际土壤细菌菌群的影响

为了研究化肥减量配施有机肥对木薯根际土壤细菌多样性和群落结构及产量的影响,采用Illumina Nova 6000测序平台,对未施肥(CK)、有机肥(T_(1))、常规施肥+有机肥(T_(2))和化肥减施+有机肥(T_(3))等施肥方式处理下的华南12号木薯根际土壤进行16S rRNA高通量测序分析。结果表明,与CK相比,T_(3)处理不仅能显著增加木薯株高和茎粗,还能提高木薯产量。在相似水平为97%下聚类分析得到木薯根际土壤OTUs,分别为3603个(CK)、1688个(T_(1))、1276个(T_(2))和3317个(T_(3))。不同施肥方式改变土壤细菌的多样性和丰度,其物种多样性由高到低依次为:CK>T_(3)>T_(1)>T_(2)。基于土壤细菌群落的PCoA和聚类分析,CK和T_(3)细菌群落结构组成较为相似,T_(1)与T_(2)细菌群落结构组成相似。不同施肥处理下木薯根际土壤中优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、放线菌门和绿弯菌门。化肥减施配施有机肥增加了变形菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度,降低了厚壁菌门和绿弯菌门的相对丰度。冗余性分析结果表明速效钾是影响木薯根际土壤菌群的主要效应因子。研究表明,化肥减量配施有机肥不仅能增加木薯的产量,还能改变木薯根际土壤细菌群落结构和多样性,为发展绿色、高效、可持续的木薯产业提供坚实的理论支撑。

增施铃肥对化学封顶棉花光合特性、秋桃发育及产量的影响

化学封顶会加快棉花衰老进程,造成棉花养分供应不足,影响顶部棉铃正常发育,导致棉花顶部不结铃、结铃少、铃质量低,最终影响产量。为解决该问题,以J206-5为试验材料,采用裂区试验设计,主区设置2个铃期增施尿素处理[0 kg/hm^(2)(N0)和150 kg/hm^(2)(N1)],副区设置4种铃期叶面肥喷施处理[不喷施叶面肥(F0)和喷施1%硫酸钾(F1)、0.1%硼酸盐(F2)、0.3%磷酸二氢钾(F3)],共8个处理,探究化学封顶条件下增施铃肥对棉花光合能力、秋桃发育及产量形成的影响。结果表明,棉花功能叶SPAD值在增施铃肥后21 d达到峰值,所有处理中以N1F3处理SPAD值最高,较N0F0提高15.02%。增施铃肥后21 d,N0水平下F3、F1、F2处理净光合速率(Pn)分别较F0处理显著提高20.72%、17.71%和14.42%,N1水平下,F3、F1处理分别较F0处理显著提高20.00%、11.81%。增施铃肥处理的秋桃棉铃长度、体积均高于N0F0处理,其中除N0F2处理外,各处理秋桃棉铃长度均与N0F0处理差异显著。在同一氮肥水平下,F1—F3处理秋桃棉籽与纤维干质量均高于F0处理;N0水平下,F1与F3处理棉籽、纤维干质量分别较F0处理显著提高31.43%、25.53%与38.57%、35.46%;N1水平下,F1—F3处理棉籽干质量较F0处理显著提高32.92%、17.39%、37.89%,F1与F3处理的纤维干质量分别较F0处理提高23.81%与32.65%。增施铃肥各处理的秋桃单铃质量与籽棉产量均高于N0F0处理,其中N1F3处理秋桃单铃质量最大(6.18 g),较N0F0处理显著提高14.44%;除N0F2、N1F0、N1F2处理外,各处理籽棉产量均显著高于N0F0处理,其中N1F3处理籽棉产量最高,达7 273.35 kg/hm^(2),较N0F0处理显著提高30.20%。综上所述,基于棉花化学封顶且纯氮施用量为南疆常规水平300~375 kg/hm^(2)条件下,建议于棉花铃期增施尿素150kg/hm^(2)配合叶面喷施0.3%磷酸二氢钾,可提升棉花光合能力,利于秋桃生物量的积累,增加棉花秋桃数量及单铃质量,进而提高棉花产量。

扬州市农田肥料投入现状调查及对策分析

为精准评估扬州市主要农作物肥料投入量,摸清其投入现状及存在问题,提出平衡施肥的丰产对策。基于统计数据和实地调查数据,分析了“十三五”期间(2016—2020年)扬州市各县(市、区)氮、磷、钾肥投入量变化、各县(市、区)化肥和有机肥施用总量(氮、磷、钾肥总量)变化等特征。结果表明,“十三五”期间(2016—2020年)扬州各县(市、区)肥料施用量总体呈下降趋势。其中有机肥施用量以2017年为转折点,呈先逐年增加后下降趋势。宝应县平均有机肥施用量最高,广陵区平均有机肥施用量最低。化肥施用量总体呈下降趋势,广陵区化肥平均施用量最低,江都区化肥平均施用量最高。整体上扬州市氮肥施用总量呈逐年下降,磷和钾肥施用总量呈逐年上升趋势。在此基础上,阐述了扬州市当前存在的化学肥料比例偏高、化肥氮肥总量投入居高不下、肥料运筹简单化等问题,并提出了优化施肥结构,充分利用有机肥;调整施肥比例,合理平衡施肥;科学研判墒情,提高施肥效率等化肥使用的建议,以确保“十四五”期间进一步提高耕地质量,促进农业高质高效绿色可持续发展。

化肥减量配施有机肥和微生物菌剂对麦后复种娃娃菜产量与品质的影响

研究化肥减量配施有机肥和微生物菌剂对娃娃菜生长、产量及品质的影响,为麦后复种娃娃菜科学施肥提供依据。以娃娃菜品种春玉黄为试验材料,设置常规施肥、化肥减量增施不同比例有机肥和微生物菌剂等7个处理,测定娃娃菜株高、地上部和地下部干鲜质量、鲜菜产量、净菜产量、净菜率以及维生素C、可溶性总糖、矿物质元素含量等指标,研究不同处理对麦后复种娃娃菜生长、生物产量和经济产量的影响。结果表明,化肥减施并增施有机肥能显著提高娃娃菜植株的株高、地上部和地下部干鲜质量、鲜菜产量和净菜产量;适量减少化肥并配施有机肥和微生物菌剂可以促进娃娃菜生长并获得高产,同时能显著提高娃娃菜维生素C、可溶性总糖、可溶性固形物和Ca、Fe、Zn矿物质元素的含量,提升娃娃菜的品质和营养价值。化肥减施配施有机肥和微生物菌剂各处理均可以提高娃娃菜的品质和产量,其中以JF4处理(化肥减施40%+增施有机肥7500 kg·hm^(-2)+微生物菌剂75 kg·hm^(-2))效果最佳,可作为该区域麦后复种娃娃菜的优化施肥方案。

有机肥和化肥配施对大豆产量的影响

为了探讨安徽省阜阳市太和县有机肥和化肥配施对大豆产量的影响,设置了6个试验处理,研究不同施肥水平下大豆产量和品质的差异。结果表明,处理B(140 kg/hm^(2)尿素+40 kg/hm^(2)有机肥+70 kg/hm^(2)硫酸钾+50 kg/hm^(2)过磷酸钙)的有机肥和无机肥配施量最有利于促进大豆产量、品质及质量的提升。

基于农机和水肥一体化模式探讨苹果种植中化肥合理施用量

我国苹果产业正处在高速发展期,但化肥施用量过多对苹果产业发展造成不利影响。在关于减施增效技术的诸多研究中,水肥一体化技术是实现苹果种植减肥增效的重要手段。以山东莱西主栽东大寨苹果为试材,研究水肥一体化模式下苹果种植的合理化肥施用量。试验设置处理1为常规施肥,全年化肥施用量为1.16kg/株,处理2为水肥一体化模式,全年化肥施肥0.75kg/株,处理3为水肥一体化模式,全年化肥施肥0.55kg/株。测定不同处理组苹果的产量、果实品质等指标。试验结果表明:基于水肥一体化模式下苹果种植建议全年施用化肥量为0.75kg/株,以保证获得更高的苹果产量与最优品质。

有机肥与无机肥配施对小麦产量及土壤质量的影响

为深入探究有机肥与无机肥配施对小麦生长发育、产量形成以及土壤质量的综合效应,从而为当地小麦生产制订科学合理的施肥策略,在实现化肥减量的同时提高肥料利用效率。本试验设置了5种不同的处理方案:空白对照组(CK)、常规化肥单独施用组、化肥用量减少20%并配合有机肥施用组、化肥用量减少40%并配合有机肥施用组,以及化肥用量减少60%并配合有机肥施用组,通过田间小区试验方法进行对比研究。结果表明,不同比例的有机肥与无机肥配施方式对小麦植株生长特性、最终产量表现及土壤性质均有一定影响。其中,当化肥用量减少20%并配施有机肥的处理条件下,小麦的产量达到较优水平(8910 kg/hm^(2))。相较于单一使用化肥的情况,有机肥与无机肥合理配施不仅能够明显促进小麦的生长与高产,还能有效地改善和优化土壤质量,体现出良好的生态效益和经济效益。

泰顺县推进茶园“绿色双减技术”工作实践与思考

近年来,浙江省泰顺县开展茶园“绿色双减技术”示范与推广工作,实施了“数字化色板诱集技术+天敌友好型LED杀虫灯诱杀技术+灰茶尺蠖性信息素诱捕技术”防控模式,取得诸多成效和亮点。然而,实践中仍存在技术广泛推广困难、推广缺乏长效机制和资金投入不足等问题。基于此,文章提出进一步强化宣传引导和政策引导,加强认证管理和监管执法,提升人才队伍素质,以及推进产学研合作等发展建议,以期为提高泰顺县茶产业的科技支撑水平,实现产业转型升级提供参考。

化肥减量施用会影响中国的粮食安全吗?

化肥作为重要的农业生产资料,对粮食增产贡献巨大,但过量施用也造成了农业“内卷化”、农业面源污染、粮食质量安全等问题。2015年,中国开始实施化肥零增长行动方案,推行化肥减量增效工作。该文通过构建Cobb-Douglas生产函数模型与多元回归模型,以探讨化肥减量政策对粮食产量的影响,并设计了化肥减量施用的三种方案。结果表明,在确保中国粮食安全的前提下,化肥施用量可逐步减少至国际公认的化肥施用安全上限,在此水平上不仅能够达到足够的产量水平保障粮食安全,同时化肥施用量也恢复至安全范围以内,极大地减少了对粮食本身以及生态环境的破坏。因此,在化肥减量施用过程中,应加强宣传教育以树立高效节约观念,完善配套的政策和制度建设,推进粮食全产业链整体技术创新,持续推进精准施肥、科学施肥技术。

种下分层施用有机肥和化肥对花生产质量的影响

采用花生营养分层调控-起垄-播种一体机,通过研究花生种下分层施用有机肥与化肥对花生生长发育、养分积累、产量和品质、土壤理化性状的影响,旨在为砂姜黑土区夏花生微域土壤调理、高效施肥提供科学依据。结果表明,与有机肥和化肥撒施相比,种下施肥能改善花生农艺性状、提高经济性状,改善土壤理化性状,增加花生养分积累量,油酸含量平均增加1.94个百分点,产量平均增加554.0 kg/hm^(2),增产11.2%,其中,花生种下5和8 cm分层施用有机肥600 kg/hm^(2)和化肥600 kg/hm^(2)产量最高,为5759.4 kg/hm^(2)。花生种下5和8 cm分层施用有机肥和化肥的产量比种下5 cm同层施用有机肥和化肥的产量平均增加175.7 kg/hm^(2),平均增产3.3%,油酸含量平均增加0.89个百分点。化肥减施25%时,花生种下施用有机肥和化肥比有机肥和化肥撒施产量平均增加258.1~419.4 kg/hm^(2),平均增产5.2%~8.5%,油酸含量平均增加0.75~1.71个百分点,其中花生种下5和8 cm分层施用有机肥和化肥的增产提质效果最好。总之,花生种下5和8 cm分层施用有机肥600 kg/hm^(2)和化肥450 kg/hm^(2),与撒施有机肥600 kg/hm^(2)和化肥600 kg/hm^(2)相比,化肥减施25%,花生增产419.4 kg/hm^(2),增产8.5%,能实现有机肥和化肥协同增效,达到化肥减施和大面积均衡增产的目的,应在夏花生主产区推广应用。