In vitro Culture of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rats and Differentiation into Retinal Neural-like Cells

In order to study the in vitro culture and expansion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rats （rMSCs） and the possibility of rMSCs differentiation into retinal neural cells, the bone marrow-derived cells in SD rats were isolated and cultured in vitro. The retinal neural cells in SD rats were cultured and the supernatants were collected to prepare conditioned medium. The cultured rMSCs were induced to differentiate by two steps. Immunofluorescence method and anti-nestin, anti-NeuN, anti-GFAP and anti-Thyl. 1 antibodies were used to identify the cells derived from the rMSCs. The results showed that the in vitro cultured rMSCs grew well and expanded quickly. After induction with two conditioned media, rMSCs was induced to differentiate into neural progenitor cells, then into retinal neural-like cells which were positive for nestin, NeuN, GFAP and Thyl. 1 detected by fluorescence method. The findings suggested that rMSCs could be culture and expanded in vitro, and induced to differentiate into retinal neural-like cells.

Biological Characteristics of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cultured in Vitro

Some biological characteristics of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured in vitro were observed. hMSCs were isolated from bone marrow and purified by density gradient centrifugation method, and then cultured in vitro. The proliferation and growth characteristics of hMSCs were observed in primary and passage culture. MSCs of passage 3 were examined for the purify by positive rate of CD29 and CD44 through flow cytometry. Human bone marrow MSCs showed active proliferation capacity in vitro. The purify of MSCs separated by our method was higher than 90 %. It was concluded that hMSCs have been successfully cultured and expanded effectively. It provided a foundation for further investigation and application of MSCs.

Culture conditions for equine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and expression of key transcription factors during their differentiation into osteoblasts

Background： The use of equine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSC） is a novel method to improve fracture healing in horses. However, additional research is needed to identify optimal culture conditions and to determine the mechanisms involved in regulating BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts. The objectives of the experiments were to determine： 1） if autologous or commercial serum is better for proliferation and differentiation of equine BMSC into osteoblasts, and 2） the expression of key transcription factors during the differentiation of equine BMSC into osteoblasts. Equine BMSC were isolated from the sterna of 3 horses, treated with purchased fetal bovine serum （FBS） or autologous horse serum （HS）, and cell proliferation determined. To induce osteoblast differentiation, cells were incubated with L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate and glycerol-2-phosphate in the presence or absence of human bone morphogenetic protein2 （BMP2）, dexamethasone （DEX）, or combination of the two. Alkaline phosphatase （ALP） activity, a marker of osteoblast differentiation, was determined by ELISA. Total RNA was isolated from differentiating BMSC between d 0 to 18 to determine expression of runt-reloted tronscrJption foctor2 （Runx2）, osterix （Osx）, and T-box3 （Tbx3）. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Results： Relative to control, FBS and HS increased cell number （133 ± 5 and 116 ± 5%, respectively; P 〈 0.001） and 5-bromo- 2＇-deoxyuridine （BrdU） incorporation （167 ± 6 and 120 ± 6%, respectively; P 〈 0.001）. Treatment with DEX increased ALP activity compared with control （1,638 ± 38%; P 〈 0.001）. In the absence and presence of Dex, BMP-2 did not alter ALP activity （P 〉 0.8）. Runt-reloted transcription foctor2 expression increased 3-fold （P 〈 0.001） by d 6 of culture. Osterix expression increased 94old （P 〈 0.05） by d 18 of culture. Expression of Tbx3 increased 1.8-fold at d 3 （P 〈 0.01）; however expression was reduced 4-fold at d 18 （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions： Dexamethasone, but not BMP-2, is required for differentiation of equine BMSC into osteoblasts. In addition, expression of Runx2 and osterix increased and expression of Tbx3 is reduced during differentiation.

Pre-degenerated peripheral nerves co-cultured with bone marrow-derived cells: a new technique for harvesting high-purity Schwann cells

Schwann cells play an important role in the peripheral nervous system, especially in nerve repair following injury, so artificial nerve regen- eration requires an effective technique for obtaining purified Schwann cells. In vivo and in vitro pre-degeneration of peripheral nerves have been shown to obtain high-purity Schwann cells. We believed that in vitro pre-degeneration was simple and controllable, and available for the clinic. Thus, we co-cultured the crushed sciatic nerves with bone marrow-derived cells in vitro. Results demonstrated that, 3 hours after injury, a large number of mononuclear cells moved to the crushed nerves and a large number of bone marrow-derived cells infiltrated the nerve segments. These changes promoted the degradation of the nerve segments, and the dedifferentiation and proliferation of Schwann cells. Neural cell adhesion molecule and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression were detected in the crushed nerves. Schwann cell yield was 9.08 ± 2.01 ×104/mg. The purity of primary cultured Schwann cells was 88.4 ± 5.79%. These indicate a successful new method for ob- taining Schwann cells of high purity and yield from adult crushed sciatic nerve using bone marrow-derived cells.

Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulated by Osteoblasts under EMF Exposure in a Co-culture System

This study examined the osteogenic effect of electromagnetic fields （EMF） under the simulated in vivo conditions. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） and rat osteoblasts were co-cultured and exposed to 50 Hz, 1.0 mT EMF for different terms. Unexposed single-cultured BMSCs and osteoblasts were set as controls. Cell proliferation features of single-cultured BMSCs and osteoblasts were studied by using a cell counting kit （CCK-8）. For the co-culture system, cells in each group were randomly chosen for alkaline phosphatase （ALP） staining on the day 7. When EMF exposure lasted for 14 days, dishes in each group were randomly chosen for total RNA extraction and von Kossa staining. The mRNA expression of osteogenic markers was detected by using real-time PCR. Our study showed that short-term EMF exposure （2 h/day） could obviously promote prolifera- tion of BMSCs and osteoblasts, while long-term EMF （8 h/day） could promote osteogenic differen- tiation significantly under co-cultured conditions. Under EMF exposure, osteogenesis-related mRNA expression changed obviously in co-cultured and single-cultured cells. It was noteworthy that most osteogenic indices in osteoblasts were increased markedly after co-culture except Bmp2, which was increased gradually when ceils were exposed to EMF. Compared to other indices, the expression of Bmp2 in BMSCs was increased sharply in both single-cultured and co-cultured groups when they were exposed to EMF. The mRNA expression of Bmp2 in BMSCs was approximately four times higher in 8-h EMF group than that in the unexposed group. Our results suggest that Bmp2-mediated cellular interaction induced by EMF exposure might play an important role in the osteogenic differ- entiation of BMSCs.

Bone Marrow Transplant Long-Term Survivors’ Satisfaction with Quality of Life: Comparison with a Control Group

Purpose: To evaluate the global quality of life (QoL) of survivors with 10-year or more post-transplant, and to identify risk factors that interfere with well-being. Methods: This is a prospective analytic transversal study with 214 survivors of Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) and 264 healthy people identified among blood donors, treated as the control group, of both sexes, 18 years or older. The protocol includes a demographic-socioeconomic questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) and the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale. Results: 53.7% of the survivor group members are satisfied with their QoL. A similar result can be found in the control group (54.2%). Chronological maturity, anxiety, sexual difficulty, and being a provider are factors that interfere negatively in the QoL of male survivors. In female survivors, the risk factors are anxiety, low educational level, not having a stable partner, being a provider, and not being Caucasian. Conclusions: Survivors are as satisfied with their QoL as the control group. QoL is understood as a perceptive process composed of objective (functional and relational capacity) and subjective phenomenon (perceptive composition).

Dynamic culture of a thermosensitive collagen hydrogel as an extracellular matrix improves the construction of tissue-engineered peripheral nerve

Tissue engineering technologies offer new treatment strategies for the repair of peripheral nerve injury, hut cell loss between seeding and adhesion to the scaffold remains inevitable. A thermosensitive collagen hydrogel was used as an extracellular matrix in this study and combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to construct tissue-engineered peripheral nerve composites in vitro. Dynamic culture was performed at an oscillating frequency of 0.5 Hz and 35° swing angle above and below the horizontal plane. The results demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells formed membrane-like structures around the poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds and exhibited regular alignment on the composite surface. Collagen was used to fill in the pores, and seeded cells adhered onto the poly-L-lactic acid fibers. The DNA content of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was higher in the composites constructed with a thermosensitive collagen hydrogel compared with that in collagen I scaffold controls. The cellular DNA content was also higher in the thermosensitive collagen hydrogel composites constructed with the thermosensitive collagen hydrogel in dynamic culture than that in static culture. These results indicate that tissue-engineered composites formed with thermosensitive collagen hydrogel in dynamic culture can maintain larger numbers of seeded cells by avoiding cell loss during the initial adhe-sion stage. Moreover, seeded cells were distributed throughout the material.

Dorsal root ganglion neurons promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Preliminary animal experiments have confirmed that sensory nerve fibers promote osteoblast differentiation, but motor nerve fibers have no promotion effect. Whether sensory neurons pro- mote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells remains unclear. No results at the cellular level have been reported. In this study, dorsal root ganglion neurons （sensory neurons） from Sprague-Dawley fetal rats were co-cultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with green fluorescent protein 3 weeks after osteo- genic differentiation in vitro, while osteoblasts derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells served as the control group. The rat dorsal root ganglion neurons promoted the prolifera- tion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived osteoblasts at B and 5 days of co-culture, as observed by fluorescence microscopy. The levels of mRNAs for osteogenic differentiation-re- lated factors （including alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteopontin and bone morphogenetic protein 2） in the co-culture group were higher than those in the control group, as detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Our findings indicate that dorsal root ganglion neurons promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which pro- vides a theoretical basis for in vitro experiments aimed at constructing tissue-engineered bone.

Gender difference in the neuroprotective effect of rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells against hypoxiainduced apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can reduce retinal ganglion cell death and effectively prevent vision loss. Previously, we found that during differentiation, female rhesus monkey bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells acquire a higher neurogenic potential compared with male rhesus monkey bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This suggests that female bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have a stronger neuroprotective effect than male bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Here, we first isolated and cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from female and male rats by density gradient centrifugation. Retinal tissue from newborn rats was prepared by enzymatic digestion to obtain primary retinal ganglion cells. Using the transwell system, retinal ganglion cells were co-cultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay. We found a marked increase in apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activity of retinal ganglion cells after 24 hours of hypoxia compared with normoxia. Moreover, apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activity of retinal ganglion cells significantly decreased with both female and male bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell co-culture under hypoxia compared with culture alone, with more significant effects from female bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Our results indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exert a neuroprotective effect against hypoxia-induced apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells, and also that female cells have greater neuroprotective ability compared with male cells.

Study on expresion of adherent proteins related to regulation of hematopoiesis in long-term cultured human bone marrow stromal cells

Abstract Objective To study the molecular basis of bone marrow stromal cell supporting hematopoiesis. Methods Immunoelectron micrscopic ocalization of adherent protein related to regulation of hematopoiesis was performed by immunocolloidal gold labelling technique in the adhernt layer of longterm cultured human hone marrow stromal cells (LTCHBMSC). Results Adherent proteins were found to be expressed on LTCHBMSC. Double labelling revealed co expression of these proteins and some specific markers for endothelial cells (vWF) and fibroblasts (Fb sp). It was suggested that endothelial cells and fibroblasts in LTCHBMSA could synthesize and secrete adherent proteins, which bound to the surface of stromal cells and extracellular matrix. Conclusion Adherent proteins and all kinds of hematopoietic growth factors secreted by stromal cells constitute a complex network supporting hematopoiesis. Study on the coagulant activity of human blood monocytes. Jia Xiaomei, Zheng Huan, Wang Jing, et al. Institute of Hematology, Beijing People's Hospital, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100044, China. Chin J Hematol 1997; 18(9) 474 476. Objective To investigate the coagulant and fibrinolytic activities of human blood monocytes. Methods Cultured monocytes (2.8×10 6 cells) were refrigerated at 20℃ and then thawed and centrifuged. Blood coagulant factors activities in the upper and lower layer of the supernatant were assayed and compared with that in the supernatant of white blood cells (containing 2.8×10 6 cells). Results There were factors Ⅱ, Ⅶ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅴ, and tissue factor activities in the supernatant, Ⅹ Ⅲ A: Ag was 2.1%, Ⅹ Ⅲ S: Ag: 2.8%, while t PA: A and PAI: A were undetectable. In the lower layer there was no specific expression of blood coagulant factors. Conclusion There were coagulant activities in the supernatant containing the membrane and cytoplasma of monocytes.

大鼠骨髓单个核细胞诱导扩增为内皮祖细胞的细胞分离方法、接种数目、培养瓶包被条件

目的筛选大鼠骨髓单个核细胞(BMMNCs)诱导扩增为内皮祖细胞(BM-EPCs)的细胞分离方法、接种数目、培养瓶包被条件,构建一个高效、高产量、高纯度的骨髓来源BM-EPCs分离培养诱导扩增方法。方法取2周龄雄性SD大鼠,脱颈处死后分离大鼠双侧胫骨和股骨,收集骨髓细胞悬液。配制30%、50%、60%和70%浓度的Percoll细胞分离液,通过Percoll密度梯度离心法分离出大鼠BMMNCs种子细胞,并计算活细胞比例。将获得的BMMNCs分为1×10^(5)、5×10^(5)、1×10^(6)、2.5×10^(6)、5×10^(6)、1×10^(7)六个组别,分别接种于25 cm^(2)无菌培养瓶中,培养7 d后镜下观察各组细胞集落形成数目,并计算每10^(6)细胞的集落形成数。运用Graphpad prism9.5软件进行Logistic拟合曲线,根据相关系数R^(2)确定相关性,根据其P值将有统计学差异的接种数目纳入范围,随后使用R语言编程定义计算函数,根据已知种子细胞总数及相关性函数限制下,通过迭代寻找最佳的BMMNCs细胞接种数目。分别配制20、50、100 nmol/L浓度的人纤连蛋白(FN)溶液,以不添加FN的空白溶液为对照,分别包被空白培养瓶2、6、12、24 h,将收集的48 h未贴壁BMMNCs接种于FN包被的各培养瓶中,静置培养3 d后计算各组集落形成数目,确定FN包被的最佳浓度与时间。接种48 h未贴壁BMMNCs于25 cm^(2)培养瓶底,使用EGM-2完全培养基定向诱导,于显微镜下观察集落形成及诱导扩增进程。取培养14 d的BM-EPCs,分别采用双阳性染色法和流式细胞术鉴定BM-EPCs的纯度。结果使用Percoll分离法可把BMMNCs细胞清晰的分为5层,其中30%与50%Percoll细胞分离层之间为BMMNCs活细胞比率最高。BMMNCs的最优接种数目为2.5×10^(6)个。以50 nmol/L的FN溶液包被24 h或以100 nmol/L的FN溶液包被6 h皆可有效促进细胞集落形成。细胞接种7 d后获得形态良好的铺路石样细胞并建立生长优势,表明BMMNCs已经诱导成为形态良好的BM-EPCs。Dil-Ac-LDL/FITC-UEA-1双阳性细胞占比为91.89%±5.77%,CD31+KDR阳性率为90.73%±0.61%、CD14阳性率为0.53%±0.17%、CD45阳性率0.77%±0.34%,说明获得的BM-EPCs纯度良好。结论大鼠BMMNCs诱导扩增为BM-EPCs过程中,可使用Percoll密度梯度离心法分离BMMNCs,BMMNCs的最优细胞接种数目为2.5×10^(6)个,细胞培养瓶包被条件为以50 nmol/L的FN溶液包被24 h或以100 nmol/L的FN溶液包被6 h,分离培养诱导获得的BM-EPCs形态和纯度均良好。

淫羊藿苷含药血清促进3种细胞共培养体系中软骨细胞增殖和干细胞成软骨分化

背景:关节软骨损伤修复能力十分有限,组织工程技术为修复受损软骨提供了新的治疗方案,其中软骨细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞和滑膜间充质干细胞之间的相互影响和诱导作用是自体软骨损伤愈合的基础。目的:构建软骨细胞-骨髓间充质干细胞-滑膜间充质干细胞共培养体系用以模拟软骨细胞体内微环境,并探究其最佳细胞接种比例,同时观察淫羊藿苷含药血清对该体系中软骨细胞增殖和干细胞成软骨分化的影响。方法:提取、培养、鉴定大鼠膝关节软骨细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞和滑膜间充质干细胞,按不同细胞接种比例构建软骨细胞-骨髓间充质干细胞-滑膜间充质干细胞非接触共培养体系,共培养72 h后观察软骨细胞增殖活性和表型能力,选择综合效应最佳的共培养体系;用淫羊藿苷溶液(0.25 mg/m L)灌胃新西兰大白兔制备淫羊藿苷含药血清,对照组共培养体系用含体积分数为10%胎牛血清、1%双抗的高糖DMEM培养液培养,实验组共培养体系在此基础之上加入体积分数为10%淫羊藿苷含药血清进行干预,24,48 h后检测两组软骨细胞增殖活性和Ⅱ型胶原表达,14 d后采用免疫荧光染色检测骨髓间充质干细胞、滑膜间充质干细胞成软骨分化情况。结果与结论:(1)3种细胞以不同比例共培养时均可正常贴壁生长,当软骨细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞、滑膜间充质干细胞接种比例为2∶1∶1时,共培养体系中软骨细胞表现出最佳增殖活性和表型能力;(2)与对照组相比,实验组培养24 h后软骨细胞增殖活性和Ⅱ型胶原表达显著升高(P<0.01),48 h后两组仍有差异(P<0.05),培养14 d后两组骨髓间充质干细胞和滑膜间充质干细胞出现明显的软骨分化,部分细胞呈现圆形或椭圆形,胞浆Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色为阳性,实验组荧光强度明显高于对照组(P<0.01);(3)结果表明,以非接触共培养方法可以成功建立软骨细胞-骨髓间充质干细胞-滑膜间充质干细胞共培养体系且细胞比例为2∶1∶1时软骨细胞增殖活性和表型能力最佳;同时淫羊藿苷含药血清具有促进该体系中软骨细胞增殖及骨髓间充质干细胞、滑膜间充质干细胞成软骨分化的作用。

不同条件下小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞体外培养的实验研究

目的:应用文献报道的肺泡巨噬细胞(AMs)体外培养方法,利用GM-CSF、TGF-β和PPAR-γ激动剂罗格列酮(简称GTR)培养体系,分析不同年龄小鼠、不同来源前体细胞产生AM样细胞或AMs的特征。方法:收取不同周龄小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)、骨髓单个核细胞以及胚胎15~17 d小鼠肝脏单个核细胞,种入12孔板,置于GTR体系中培养。流式细胞术检测产出细胞AM表面标志分子F4/80、CD11b、CD170和CD11c表达。结果:培养后,光镜下BALF来源细胞基本呈圆形,骨髓来源细胞近半呈圆形,胎肝来源细胞85%左右呈圆形。4周龄小鼠BALF-AMs比例接近90%,比例和数量均随小鼠年龄增加而增加,12周龄小鼠BALF-AMs数量接近1×106个。4周龄小鼠骨髓源AM样细胞比例不到20%,8周龄和12周龄小鼠比例为40%~45%,数量随小鼠年龄增加而增加,12周龄小鼠骨髓源AM样细胞数量约为0.8×106个/孔。胎肝源AM样细胞比例约为84%,1个孔产出的AM样细胞约为4×106个。结论:不同年龄小鼠、不同来源前体细胞产生AM样细胞或AMs的纯度和数量有较大差别,应根据具体研究要求选择合适方法。

Development of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell culture in vitro

Objective To review the in vitro development of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells culture （BM-MSC）.Data sources The data cited in this review were mainly obtained from articles listed in Medline and PubMed. The search terms were “bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell” and “cell culture”.Study selection Articles regarding the in vitro development of BM-MSCs culture, as well as the challenge of optimizing cell culture environment in two-dimensional （2D） vs. 3D.Results Improving the culture conditions increases the proliferation and reduces the differentiation. Optimal values for many culture parameters remain to be identified. Expansion of BM-MSCs under defined conditions remains challenging, including the development of optimal culture conditions for BMSC and large-volume production systems.Conclusions Expansion of BM-MSCs under defined conditions remains challenges, including the development of optimal culture conditions for BMSC and scale-up to large-volume production systems. Optimal values for many culture parameters remain to be identified.

In vitro chondrogenesis of the goat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells directed by chondrocytes in monolayer and 3-dimetional indirect co-culture system

Background Cartilage injury has a very poor capacity for intrinsic regeneration. The cell-based treatment strategy for the cartilage repair using differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） is, however, a promising approach to the chondral repair. This study was aimed to explore the chondrogenic potential of the goat BMSCs in the Transwell co-culture system and the poly-laetide-co-glycolide （PLGA） scaffolds.Methods The BMSCs were isolated from the goat iliac crest while the chondrocytes were obtained from the goat＇s last costal cartilage. In the Transwell co-culture system, the BMSCs co-cultured with chondrocytes were designed as group A,whereas the goat＇s BMSCs induced with the chondrogenic medium were group B. Both groups A and B were the experimental groups, while group C that only contained BMSCs was the control group. In the PLGA scaffolds co-culture system, BMSCs were seeded into the PLGA scaffolds, which were suspended in the 24-well plate, and the control group was established by presence or absence of chondrocytes at the bottom of the 24-well plate. Toluidine blue staining,Alcian blue staining, collagen Ⅱ immunofluoresence, collagen Ⅱ immunochemical staining, collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅱ, COL2a Q-PCR and osteopontin Q-PCR were used to examine the chondrogenic conditions as well as the expressions of chondrogenic and osteogenic genes.Results Cells isolated from the aspirates of the goat bone marrow proliferated rapidly and gained characteristics of stem cells in Passage 4. However, the differentiations of chondrocytes were not apparent in Passage 3. The results from Toluidine blue staining, collagen Ⅱ immunofluoresence and PCR showed the transformation of BMSCs to chondrocytes in the Transwell co-culture system and PLGA scaffolds. Although the cartilage gene expressions were upgraded in both chondrogenesis group and co-culture system, the osteopontin gene expression, which represents osteogenic level, was also up-regulated.Conclusions The Transwell co-culture system and the PLGA scaffolds co-culture system can promote the chondrogenic differentiation of the goat＇s BMSCs, while up-regulated osteopontin gene expression in the Transwell co-culture system implies the osteogenic potential of BMSCs.

EXPERIENCE ON HLA TYPING FOR ALLOGENEIC MARROW TRANSPLANTATION IN 217 MEMBERS OF 30 FAMILIES

From April 1978 to Oct 1990, 217 members of 30 families who requiredallogeneic marrow transplantation were examined for HLA typing, with HLA standardantiserum and mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). The following conclusions could bedrawn: (1) when the HLA-A, B, C loci between donor and recipient were identical, theD locus also was generally identical too, but, in some rare cases the HLA-A, B, C wereidentical while the D locus remained different detected by MLC SI which wassignificantly increased; (2) in addition to twin, the sib were the main candidates of donorsin allogeneic marrow transplantation, however, if the phenotype of children was compati-ble to that of their parents with no significant stimulation in MLC, the parents could alsobe considered as a donor; (3) if the HLA-A, B, C typing was identical between fatherand motaher, the parents can also be considered as an eligible donor. Using HLA-A, B,C, DR and D loci identical sibs as donor, 9 of 11 cases (aplastic anemia 9 cases andANLL-M2 2 cases who received allogeneic marrow transplantation) had the evidence ofengraftment. Much attention should be paid to the difference of the minorhistocompatibility antigens, such as sex associated antigen between donor and recipient, be-cause even in 11 cases with HLA-A, B, C, DR and D loci identical sibs as donors formarrow transplantation, 5 cases still had the manifestation of GVHD in various degree,4/5 died of severe GVHD.

鸡骨髓源造血干细胞的体外培养及分化诱导

为获取鸡骨髓源造血干细胞(HSC)和建立其体外培养方法,试验从鸡长骨中获取骨髓单个核细胞,流式细胞术分选出CD34^(+)HSC后,在体外进行培养和诱导分化,进一步观察CD34^(+)HSC的形态、生长状态、集落形成能力和分化能力。结果显示:IMDM培养基中添加50 ng/mL干细胞生长因子、30 ng/mL Flt-3配体、10μg/mL白细胞介素-3、50 ng/mL白细胞介素-6以及20%鸡血清可维持鸡CD34^(+)HSC的短期体外培养,最长可存活10 d。将上述培养体系加入到甲基纤维素半固体培养基中,可使鸡CD34^(+)HSC形成典型的干细胞克隆集落;在上述培养体系中加入50 ng/mL血小板生成素和80 ng/mL的粒细胞集落刺激因子,可诱导鸡CD34^(+)HSC向粒系细胞分化。瑞氏-姬姆萨染色结果显示,鸡CD34^(+)HSC的胞核较大,呈蓝紫色,核染色质细而分散,胞浆呈浅蓝色,均匀无颗粒。研究提示:在培养体系中添加鸡造血细胞生长因子,可实现鸡骨髓源CD34+HSC的体外扩增和定向诱导分化。

改良全骨髓贴壁法分离及培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞

目的建立简单、优化的分离及培养大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)的方法,为组织工程支架研究提供细胞基础。方法分别采用常规和改良的全骨髓贴壁法分离和培养BMSCs。常规法按照传统全骨髓贴壁法,对骨髓冲洗液进行过筛和离心处理后加入完全培养基进行培养。在改良全骨髓贴壁法中,将骨髓冲出骨髓腔后直接加入完全培养基进行培养。倒置相差显微镜下观察两组细胞形态,采用细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)法比较两组BMSCs的增殖活性,流式细胞术检测表面标志物CD90、CD29、CD11b/c、CD45。对改良法培养的BMSCs进行定向诱导成骨及成脂分化,并通过茜素红染色检测其成骨分化潜能,通过油红O染色检测其成脂分化潜能。结果改良全骨髓贴壁法培养的BMSCs形态均一,细胞集簇排列呈“鱼群状”“漩涡状”。改良法比常规法培养的BMSCs增殖活性强(P<0.05)。改良法与常规法培养的BMSCs均高表达CD90和CD29,低表达CD11b/c和CD45。改良法培养的BMSCs成骨、成脂诱导分化后茜素红染色和油红O染色均为阳性。结论改良全骨髓贴壁法可成功分离并培养BMSCs,培养的BMSCs具有多向分化潜能,为组织工程支架的研究奠定了细胞基础。

骨髓间充质干细胞对间充质样成釉细胞瘤细胞功能影响的研究

目的:研究骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSC),对间充质样成釉细胞瘤细胞(M-AMC)的增殖、侵袭、迁移以及自噬水平的影响,初步探讨BMSC对M-AMC功能影响的部分作用和机制。方法:组织块结合酶消化法分离培养M-AMC并鉴定,构建非接触M-AMC/BMSC共培养体系,通过EdU检测M-AMC增殖变化,利用结晶紫染色、Western blot等检测M-AMC迁移、侵袭功能和自噬相关蛋白的改变。结果:通过原代分离培养得到的M-AMC,主要来源于间质,并具有一定的干性和自我更新能力。共培养组3、7 d M-AMC增殖的细胞数量明显高于对照组(P<0.01),共培养组在24、48、72 h的Transwell迁移和侵袭出的细胞数量均高于对照组(P<0.01),M-AMC在和BMSC共培养后,自噬表达水平显著增强(P<0.01)。结论:BMSC的旁分泌作用可以上调M-AMC自噬水平,从而促进M-AMC增殖、迁移、侵袭能力。

基于骨髓间充质干细胞分离培养的原代细胞培养技术在细胞生物学实验课程中的应用和思考

细胞是生命活动的基本结构和功能单位,细胞生物学各项研究的开展都离不开细胞。细胞培养是开展细胞生物学研究的基础,也是生物学最基本的实验操作技术之一。原代细胞培养是获取细胞的主要手段,将基于骨髓间充质干细胞分离培养的原代培养技术纳入细胞生物实验课程中,可以加深学生对骨髓间充质干细胞多潜能性分化的认识,巩固学生培养细胞的科研能力,激发学生的多元实验设计思维和开展综合性创新实验的动力。