Pathological mechanism of immune disorders in diabetic kidney disease and intervention strategies

Diabetic kidney disease is one of the most severe chronic microvascular complications of diabetes and a primary cause of end-stage renal disease.Clinical studies have shown that renal inflammation is a key factor determining kidney damage during diabetes.With the development of immunological technology,many studies have shown that diabetic nephropathy is an immune complex disease,and that most patients have immune dysfunction.However,the immune response associated with diabetic nephropathy and autoimmune kidney disease,or caused by ischemia or infection with acute renal injury,is different,and has a complicated pathological mechanism.In this review,we discuss the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy in immune disorders and the intervention mechanism,to provide guidance and advice for early intervention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Exploring the Long-Term Mechanism of the Construction of College Teachers’Ethics in the New Era Under the Concept of“Sanquan Education”

This paper takes the long-term mechanism exploration of the construction of teachers’ethics in the new era under the concept of“Sanquan education,”aiming to explore how to establish a long-term mechanism of the construction to meet the needs of college education development under the background of the new era.A series of targeted measures and suggestions are put forward,including improving the system and mechanism,strengthening the education and training of teachers’ethics,and establishing the evaluation and assessment mechanism.The implementation of these measures can promote the formation of the long-term mechanism of the construction of teachers’ethics in colleges and universities,improve teachers’ethics and behavior quality,and provide strong support for the development of education in colleges and universities.

Convergence mechanism of mindfulness intervention in treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder:Clues from current evidence

This paper reviews the underlying evidence for various aspects of the convergence mechanism of mindfulness intervention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).There may be compatibility among various ADHD remission models and the therapeutic mechanism of mindfulness intervention in ADHD may be mainly via the convergence mechanism.However,neuroimaging-based analysis of the mechanisms of mindfulness intervention in treating ADHD is lacking.Differences in the efficacy of various subtypes of mindfulness intervention,and corresponding specific imaging changes need further investigation.Future research may focus on the neuroimaging features of specific mindfulness intervention subtypes.

Role of ferroptosis in Parkinson’s disease and intervention mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second neurodegenerative disease in the world.The pathological characteristics of PD are degeneration,loss and death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain.At present,most scholars believe that the main pathogenesis of PD is α-synuclein aggregation,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammatory reaction.More and more studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of PD.Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death that is significantly different from traditional apoptosis,scorching and necrosis.Its main feature is iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.Some studies have found that the efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of PD may be related to the regulation of ferroptosis.Therefore,this study mainly discusses the occurrence and development mechanism of ferroptosis and its role in PD,and the possible mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of PD dopaminergic neurons,so as to provide theoretical basis for acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of PD.

Impact of baseline smoking status on long-term prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease underwent percutaneous coronary intervention:a large single-center data

Objective This study analyzed a large single-center sample in China to explain the impact of smoking state at baseline on long-term prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Countermeasures for Establishing a Long-term Security Mechanism for Landless Farmers

In the process of urbanization,farmers will inevitably lose their land,which is resulted from the large-scale requisition of rural collective land.The imperfect social security system in rural areas has resulted in a large number of landless farmers being transformed into urban poor people.Therefore,proper resettlement of landless farmers and the establishment of a long-term security mechanism for ensuring the basic livelihood of landless farmers are important issues that need to be resolved in the process of China’s social and economic development.

Long-term outcomes of high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support:An observational study

BACKGROUND Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(VA-ECMO)offers hemodynamic support for patients undergoing high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions(PCIs).However,long-term outcomes associated with VA-ECMO have not previously been studied.AIM To explore long-term outcomes in high-risk cases undergoing PCI supported by VA-ECMO.METHODS In the present observational cohort study,61 patients who received VA-ECMOsupported high-risk PCI between April 2012 and January 2020 at the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital were enrolled.The endpoint characteristics such as all-cause mortality,repeated cardiovascular diseases,and cardiac death were examined.RESULTS Among 61 patients,three failed stent implantation due to chronic total occlusions with severely calcified lesions.One patient showed VA-ECMO intolerance because of high left ventricular afterload.PCI was successfully performed in 57 patients(93.4%).The in-hospital mortality was 23.0%,and the overall survival was 45.9%,with a median follow-up period of 38.6(8.6-62.1)mo.CONCLUSION VA-ECMO can be used as a support in patients undergoing high-risk PCI as it is associated with favorable long-term patient survival.

Intervention on toll-like receptors in pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA)is a devastating disease with pronounced morbidity and a high mortality rate.Currently available treatments lack convincing cost-efficiency determinations and are in most cases not associated with relevant success rate.Experimental stimulation of the immune system in murine PDA models has revealed some promising results.Tolllike receptors(TLRs)are pillars of the immune system that have been linked to several forms of malignancy,including lung,breast and colon cancer.In humans,TLRs are expressed in the pancreatic cancer tissue and in several cancer cell lines,whereas they are not expressed in the normal pancreas.In the present review,we explore the current knowledge concerning the role of different TLRs associated to PDA.Even if almost all known TLRs are expressed in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment,there are only five TLRs suggested as possible therapeutic targets.Most data points at TLR2 and TLR9 as effective tumor markers and agonists could potentially be used as e.g.future adjuvant therapies.The elucidation of the role of TLR3 in PDA is only in its initial phase.The inhibition/blockage of TLR4-related pathways has shown some promising effects,but there are still many steps left before TLR4 inhibitors can be considered as possible therapeutic agents.Finally,TLR7 antagonists seem to be potential candidates for therapy.Independent of their potential in immunotherapies,all existing data indicate that TLRs are strongly involved in the pathophysiology and development of PDA.

Recent progress in molecular mechanisms of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatectomy is currently considered the most effective option for treating patients with early and intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Unfortunately,the postoperative prognosis of patients with HCC remains unsatisfactory,predominantly because of high postoperative metastasis and recurrence rates.Therefore,research on the molecular mechanisms of postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence will help develop effective intervention measures to prevent or delay HCC metastasis and recurrence and to improve the long-term survival of HCC patients.Herein,we review the latest research progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence to lay a foundation for improving the understanding of HCC metastasis and recurrence and for developing more precise prevention and intervention strategies.

Evolution of Microstructure and Mechanical Property during Long-Term Aging in Udimet 720Li

Thermal stabilities of microstructure and mechanical property have been investigated on superalloy U720Li, which is of great interest of application for jet engine and land-based turbine disc. The results showed that, the primary and secondary gamma' particles maintain good thermal stability at 650 and 700 degreesC with aging time up to 3000 h, while the tertiary gamma' is apparently dependent on aging temperature and time. The tertiary gamma' particles undergo a procedure of coarsening, dissolution and eventually complete disappearance with the increasing of aging time and temperature. They exhibit unusual high sensibility upon aging temperature, which is attributed to the lattice misfit between the gamma' precipitates and the matrix in the alloy. The grain boundary phase M23C6 remains stable without forming of sigma phase even with aging time up to 3000 h at 700 degreesC. Microhardness decreases apparently with increasing aging time and aging temperature. Theoretical analysis based on dislocation mechanism indicates that the change of microhardness should be attributed to the evolution of the tertiary gamma' during aging.

Comprehensive analyses of initiation and failure mechanisms of the 2017 Xinmo catastrophic rockslide

The failure of the 2017 Xinmo catastrophic rockslide in Maoxian County, Sichuan, Southwest China was a combined effect of long-term and shortterm triggering factors. Field investigation, historical data collection, laboratory tests, chemical and microstructure analysis and numerical simulations were adopted herein to reveal the initiation and failure mechanism of the Xinmo rockslide. The analytical results showed that this failure involved the coupling of several triggering factors. The initial cracks in the rock mass were induced by historical earthquakes due to the convex topography and the direction effect. Rock masses from the source area of the Xinmo rockslide contain water-sensitive minerals, i.e., albite and chamosite, and the easily oxidized chemical element Fe, resulting in obvious strength deterioration under the action of water. The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) experimental results indicated that the internal structure of the rock mass is conducive to weathering. The compressive and shear strengths of the rock mass were reduced due to freeze-thaw cycles and weathering. The antecedent rainfall further deteriorated the stability of the slope, and stress and deformation accumulated continually in the locked section. Finally, the locked section sheared out, and the slope failed. An entrainment effect was observed in the Xinmo rockslide due to the presence of old landslide deposits and the antecedent rainfall, resulting in an amplification of the catastrophic rockslide. A simplified three dimensional analysis model was established in this study to reveal the influence of the triggering factors on the failure mechanism of the Xinmo rockslide.

A Hybrid Handover Forecasting Mechanism Based on Fuzzy Forecasting Model in Cellular Networks

As the increasing demand for mobile communications and the shrinking of the coverage of cells, handover mechanism will play an important role in future wireless networks to provide users with seamless mobile communication services. In order to guarantee the user experience, the handover decision should be made timely and reasonably. To achieve this goal, this paper presents a hybrid handover forecasting mechanism, which contains long-term and short-term forecasting models. The proposed mechanism could cooperate with the standard mechanisms, and improve the performance of standard handover decision mechanisms. Since most of the parameters involved are imprecise, fuzzy forecasting model is applied for dealing with predictions of them. The numerical results indicate that the mechanism could significantly decrease the rate of ping-pong handover and the rate of handover failure.

Research and Practice of Long- term Mechanism of Highlighting the Local Industry Characteristics of the Garden Engineering and Technical Expertise Internship

The higher vocational education has the dual attributes of higher education and vocational education, with vocational education development pace continues to accelerate, the establishment of vocational schools and school-enterprise cooperation corporate long-term mechanism must be addressed now become a good core issues as soon as possible, to achieve effective implementation of internships, we must achieve five-win of social, school, business, students and parents, to a certain extent, for the regional industry economic development.

Does heart rate variability correlate with long-term prognosis in myocardial infarction patients treated by early revascularization?

AIMTo assess the prevalence of depressed heart rate variability (HRV) after an acute myocardial infarction (MI), and to evaluate its prognostic significance in the present era of immediate reperfusion.METHODSTime-domain HRV (obtained from 24-h Holter recordings) was assessed in 326 patients (63.5 ± 12.1 years old; 80% males), two weeks after a complicated MI treated by early reperfusion: 208 ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients (in which reperfusion was successfully obtained within 6 h of symptoms in 94% of cases) and 118 non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients (percutaneous coronary intervention was performed within 24 h and successful in 73% of cases). Follow-up of the patients was performed via telephone interviews a median of 25 mo after the index event (95%CI of the mean 23.3-28.0). Primary end-point was occurrence of all-cause or cardiac death; secondary end-point was occurrence of major clinical events (MCE, defined as mortality or readmission for new MI, new revascularization, episodes of heart failure or stroke). Possible correlations between HRV parameters (mainly the standard deviation of all normal RR intervals, SDNN), clinical features (age, sex, type of MI, history of diabetes, left ventricle ejection fraction), angiographic characteristics (number of coronary arteries with critical stenoses, success and completeness of revascularization) and long-term outcomes were analysed.RESULTSMarkedly depressed HRV parameters were present in a relatively small percentage of patients: SDNN < 70 ms was found in 16% and SDNN < 50 ms in 4% of cases. No significant differences were present between STEMI and NSTEMI cases as regards to their distribution among quartiles of SDNN (χ2 =1.536, P = 0.674). Female sex and history of diabetes maintained a significant correlation with lower values of SDNN at multivariate Cox regression analysis (respectively: P = 0.008 and P = 0.008), while no correlation was found between depressed SDNN and history of previous MI (P = 0.999) or number of diseased coronary arteries (P = 0.428) or unsuccessful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (P = 0.691). Patients with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% presented more often SDNN values in the lowest quartile (P < 0.001). After > 2 years from infarction, a total of 10 patients (3.1%) were lost to follow-up. Overall incidence of MCE at follow-up was similar between STEMI and NSTEMI (P = 0.141), although all-cause and cardiac mortality were higher among NSTEMI cases (respectively: 14% vs 2%, P = 0.001; and 10% vs 1.5%, P = 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause mortality and for cardiac deaths did not reveal significant differences between patients with SDNN in the lowest quartile and other quartiles of SDNN (respectively: P = 0.137 and P = 0.527). Also the MCE-free survival curves were similar between the group of patients with SDNN in the lowest quartile vs the patients of the other SDNN quartiles (P = 0.540), with no difference for STEMI (P = 0.180) or NSTEMI patients (P = 0.541). By the contrary, events-free survival was worse if patients presented with LVEF < 40% (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONIn our group of patients with a recent complicated MI, abnormal autonomic parameters have been found with a prevalence that was similar for STEMI and NSTEMI cases, and substantially unchanged in comparison to what reported in the pre-primary-PCI era. Long-term outcomes did not correlate with level of depression of HRV parameters recorded in the subacute phase of the disease, both in STEMI and in NSTEMI patients. These results support lack of prognostic significance of traditional HRV parameters when immediate coronary reperfusion is utilised.

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Fe-Ni-Co-BASE SUPERALLOY AFTER LONGTERM AGING AT 650℃

The microstructure and mechanical properties of a Ni-Fe-Co base superalloy with low thermal expansion coefficient after aging at 650℃ for 200,500,1000 and 2000 h have been investigated.It was found that they are stable at 650℃.This alloy is believed to.fill the re- quirements for long time service to aircraft engine.

Design,construction and mechanical behavior of relics of complete large Longyou rock caverns carved in argillaceous siltstone ground

This paper presents a comprehensive summary of data, analyses and findings from the investigations over the past twelve years about the relics of large Longyou rock caverns carved about 2 000 years ago at shallow depths in argillaceous siltstone. The paper presents the typical features associated with the rock caverns. They include structures, large spans, portals, extreme shallow-buried depths, imprints, drainages, inclined ceiling, inclined sidewalls, slender rock pillars, rock staircases, site and strata selections, caving lighting, carving method, and underground construction surveying. They are used to reconstruct and highlight the design and construction methods adopted by the ancients. The paper further demonstrates that the relics of the complete large rock caverns are a consequence of coincidental combinations of ancient human effort and natural factors. The full occupation of water with weak acidity in the large rock caverns with the soft surrounding rocks of weak alkalinity is found to be the main factor ensuring and preserving the caverns to have been stable and integral over 2 000 years. However, the five unwatered complete rock cavern relics have been experiencing various deteriorations and small failures including cracks, seepage, small rock falls and delaminating ceiling rocks. Although these deteriorations have been repaired and stabilized effectively, the paper demonstrates that an entire roof collapse failure is highly possible in the near future to each of the five unwatered rock cavern relics. The findings presented in this paper are also invaluable both to the long-term protection and preservation of the large rock cavern relics of national and international interests and importance, and to extend and enrich our experience and knowledge on the long-term stability and integrity of man-made underground rock cavern engineering projects.

Admission Motor Strength Grade Predicts Mortality in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy

Background: The mortality due to mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in the acute treatment of intracranial arterial occlu- sions can be up to 45%. The SWIFT (Solitaire FR with the Intention for Thrombectomy) and Multi MERCI (mechani- cal embolus removal in cerebral ischemia) trials have evaluated the safety and efficacy of MT. It may be important to determine pre-procedural factors that help predict post-intervention prognosis. We sought to determine if admission medical research council (MRC) motor strength grade along with other factors can be used as predictor of mortality after MT for acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Retrospective analysis of stroke database assessing outcomes in all 62 patients who underwent MT as an intervention for acute ischemic stroke, with or without concurrent intravenous thrombolysis was done. Five baseline variables were included in univariate and multivariate analyses to define the in- dependent predictors of mortality during current hospitalization. The medical research council (MRC) motor grade (0 - 5);modified collateral flow (CS) grading (0 - 3);age;acute and chronic co-morbidities were used as the baseline vari- ables. If motor strength grade were different in upper and lower extremities, then the lower grade was used. Age was analyzed independently as well as dichotomized using 80 as cut-off value. Relevant stroke related acute and chronic co-morbidities were given 1 point each and mean calculated. Results: In the univariate analysis, low (0 - 1) motor strength grade (OR, 0.11;95% CI, 0.021 - 0.33;p = 0.001) and age (OR, 1.06;95% CI, 1.02 - 1.12;p = 0.011) was sig- nificantly associated with mortality. The presence of collateral flow, acute and chronic co-morbidities were not signifi- cantly associated with mortality. In the multivariate analysis, motor grade retained its statistical significance for morta- lity (OR, 0.09;95% CI, 0.01 - 0.32;p = 0.003) along with chronic co-morbidity (OR, 1.52;95% CI 1.05 - 2.43;

Long-term stability analysis of large-scale underground plant of Xiangjiaba hydro-power station

Numerical analysis of the optimal supporting time and long-term stability index of the surrounding rocks in the underground plant of Xiangjiaba hydro-power station was carried out based on the rheological theory. Firstly,the mechanical parameters of each rock group were identified from the experimental data; secondly,the rheological calculation and analysis for the cavern in stepped excavation without supporting were made; finally,the optimal time for supporting at the characteristic point in a typical section was obtained while the creep rate and displacement after each excavation step has satisfied the criterion of the optimal supporting time. Excavation was repeated when the optimal time for supporting was identified,and the long-term stability creep time and the maximum creep deformation of the characteristic point were determined in accordance with the criterion of long-term stability index. It is shown that the optimal supporting time of the characteristic point in the underground plant of Xiangjiaba hydro-power station is 5-8 d,the long-term stability time of the typical section is 126 d,and the corresponding largest creep deformation is 24.30 mm. While the cavern is supported,the cavern deformation is significantly reduced and the stress states of the surrounding rock masses are remarkably improved.

Long-term acupuncture treatment has a multitargeting regulation on multiple brain regions in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease：a positron emission tomography study

The acute effect of acupuncture on Alzheimer＇s disease,i.e.,on brain activation during treatment,has been reported.However,the effect of long-term acupuncture on brain activation in Alzheimer＇s disease is unclear.Therefore,in this study,we performed long-term needling at Zusanli（ST36）or a sham point（1.5 mm lateral to ST36）in a rat Alzheimer＇s disease model,for 30 minutes,once per day,for 30 days.The rats underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning.Positron emission tomography images were processed with SPM2.The brain areas activated after needling at ST36 included the left hippocampus,the left orbital cortex,the left infralimbic cortex,the left olfactory cortex,the left cerebellum and the left pons.In the sham-point group,the activated regions were similar to those in the ST36 group.However,the ST36 group showed greater activation in the cerebellum and pons than the sham-point group.These findings suggest that long-term acupuncture treatment has targeted regulatory effects on multiple brain regions in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease.

Full-scale multi-functional test platform for investigating mechanical performance of track–subgrade systems of high-speed railways

Motivated by the huge practical engineering demand for the fundamental understanding of mechanical characteristics of high-speed railway infrastructure,a fullscale multi-functional test platform for high-speed railway track–subgrade system is developed in this paper,and its main functions for investigating the mechanical performance of track–subgrade systems are elaborated with three typical experimental examples.Comprising the full-scale subgrade structure and all the five types of track structures adopted in Chinese high-speed railways,namely the CRTS I,the CRTS II and the CRTS III ballastless tracks,the double-block ballastless track and the ballasted track,the test platform is established strictly according to the construction standard of Chinese high-speed railways.Three kinds of effective loading methods are employed,including the real bogie loading,multi-point loading and the impact loading.Various types of sensors are adopted in different components of the five types of track–subgrade systems to measure the displacement,acceleration,pressure,structural strain and deformation,etc.Utilizing this test platform,both dynamic characteristics and long-term performance evolution of high-speed railway track–subgrade systems can be investigated,being able to satisfy the actual demand for large-scale operation of Chinese high-speed railways.As examples,three typical experimental studies are presented to elucidate the comprehensive functionalities of the full-scale multi-functional test platform for exploring the dynamic performance and its long-term evolution of ballastless track systems and for studying the long-term accumulative settlement of the ballasted track–subgrade system in high-speed railways.Some interesting phenomena and meaningful results are captured by the developed test platform,which provide a useful guidance for the scientific operation and maintenance of high-speed railway infrastructure.