Comparison of long-term graft patency of on-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting

Objective Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is used more widely in recent years in China. However,there is an argument on benefits and risks of off-pump surgery. Many studies shown that OPCAB had more benefits in short-term outcomes than conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CCABG) .

Does heart rate variability correlate with long-term prognosis in myocardial infarction patients treated by early revascularization?

AIMTo assess the prevalence of depressed heart rate variability (HRV) after an acute myocardial infarction (MI), and to evaluate its prognostic significance in the present era of immediate reperfusion.METHODSTime-domain HRV (obtained from 24-h Holter recordings) was assessed in 326 patients (63.5 ± 12.1 years old; 80% males), two weeks after a complicated MI treated by early reperfusion: 208 ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients (in which reperfusion was successfully obtained within 6 h of symptoms in 94% of cases) and 118 non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients (percutaneous coronary intervention was performed within 24 h and successful in 73% of cases). Follow-up of the patients was performed via telephone interviews a median of 25 mo after the index event (95%CI of the mean 23.3-28.0). Primary end-point was occurrence of all-cause or cardiac death; secondary end-point was occurrence of major clinical events (MCE, defined as mortality or readmission for new MI, new revascularization, episodes of heart failure or stroke). Possible correlations between HRV parameters (mainly the standard deviation of all normal RR intervals, SDNN), clinical features (age, sex, type of MI, history of diabetes, left ventricle ejection fraction), angiographic characteristics (number of coronary arteries with critical stenoses, success and completeness of revascularization) and long-term outcomes were analysed.RESULTSMarkedly depressed HRV parameters were present in a relatively small percentage of patients: SDNN < 70 ms was found in 16% and SDNN < 50 ms in 4% of cases. No significant differences were present between STEMI and NSTEMI cases as regards to their distribution among quartiles of SDNN (χ2 =1.536, P = 0.674). Female sex and history of diabetes maintained a significant correlation with lower values of SDNN at multivariate Cox regression analysis (respectively: P = 0.008 and P = 0.008), while no correlation was found between depressed SDNN and history of previous MI (P = 0.999) or number of diseased coronary arteries (P = 0.428) or unsuccessful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (P = 0.691). Patients with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% presented more often SDNN values in the lowest quartile (P < 0.001). After > 2 years from infarction, a total of 10 patients (3.1%) were lost to follow-up. Overall incidence of MCE at follow-up was similar between STEMI and NSTEMI (P = 0.141), although all-cause and cardiac mortality were higher among NSTEMI cases (respectively: 14% vs 2%, P = 0.001; and 10% vs 1.5%, P = 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause mortality and for cardiac deaths did not reveal significant differences between patients with SDNN in the lowest quartile and other quartiles of SDNN (respectively: P = 0.137 and P = 0.527). Also the MCE-free survival curves were similar between the group of patients with SDNN in the lowest quartile vs the patients of the other SDNN quartiles (P = 0.540), with no difference for STEMI (P = 0.180) or NSTEMI patients (P = 0.541). By the contrary, events-free survival was worse if patients presented with LVEF < 40% (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONIn our group of patients with a recent complicated MI, abnormal autonomic parameters have been found with a prevalence that was similar for STEMI and NSTEMI cases, and substantially unchanged in comparison to what reported in the pre-primary-PCI era. Long-term outcomes did not correlate with level of depression of HRV parameters recorded in the subacute phase of the disease, both in STEMI and in NSTEMI patients. These results support lack of prognostic significance of traditional HRV parameters when immediate coronary reperfusion is utilised.

Effects of long-term fertilization on soil gross N transformation rates and their implications

Application of fertilizer has been found to significantly affect soil N cycling. However, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of long-term fertilization on soil gross N transformation rates is still lacking. We compiled data of observations from 10 long-term fertilization experiments and conducted a meta-analysis of the effects of long-term fertilization on soil gross N transformation rates. The results showed that if chemical fertilizers of N, P and K were applied in balance, soil p H decreased very slightly. There was a significantly positive effect of long-term fertilization, either chemical or organic fertilizers or their combinations, on gross N mineralization rate compared to the control treatment（the mean effect size ranged from 1.21 to 1.25 at 95% confidence intervals（CI） with a mean of 1.23）, mainly due to the increasing soil total N content. The long-term application of organic fertilizer alone and combining organic and chemical fertilizer could increase the mineralization-immobilization turnover, thus enhance available N for plant while reduce N losses potential compared to the control treatment. However, long-term chemical fertilizer application did not significantly affect the gross NH4＋ immobilization rate, but accelerated gross nitrification rate（1.19; 95% CI： 1.08 to 1.31）. Thus, long-term chemical fertilizer alone would probably induce higher N losses potential through NO3– leaching and runoff than organic fertilizer application compared to the control treatment. Therefore, in the view of the effects of long-term fertilization on gross N transformation rates, it also supports that organic fertilizer alone or combination of organic and chemical fertilizer could not only improve crop yield, but also increase soil fertility and reduce the N losses potential.

Minimum 10-year follow-up outcomes of arthroscopic Bankart’s repair with metallic anchors:Reliable results with low redislocation rates

BACKGROUND With stiff competition from alternative albeit more expensive counterparts,it has become important to establish the applicability of metallic anchors for shoulder instability in the modern era.This can be accomplished,in part,by analysing long-term outcomes.AIM To analyse minimum 10-year outcomes from 30 patients following arthroscopic anterior stabilisation using metallic anchors.METHODS Prospectively collected data from arthroscopic Bankart repairs performed using metal anchors during 2007P-2010 were retrospectively analysed in this singlesurgeon study.Comprehensive data collection included historical and clinical findings,dislocation details,operative specifics,and follow-up radiological and clinical findings including shoulder scores.The primary outcomes were patientreported scores(Constant,American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons[ASES],and Rowe scores)and pain and instability on a visual analogue scale(VAS).RESULTS A 3% recurrence rate of dislocation was noted at the final follow-up.Total constant scores at 10 years postoperatively measured between 76 and 100(mean 89)were significantly better than preoperative scores(mean 62.7).Congruous improvements were also noted in the Rowe and ASES scores and VAS at the 10-year review.CONCLUSION Reliable long-term outcomes with metallic anchors in surgery for shoulder instability can be expected.Our results provide additional evidence of their continued,cost-effective presence in the modern scenario.

Effects of a New Long-term Controlled-release Fertilizer on Growth and Development and Yield of Summer Maize

[Objective] The aim was to select the optimal amount of controlled-release fertilizer and provide theoretical references for controlled-release fertilizers use in summer maize. [Method] Long-term controlled-release fertilizers were applied once at sowing summer maize to explore effects on maize growth, yield, economic profits and environment. [Result] Maize yield reduced a little in the treatment group with 60% CRF, and increased in varying degrees in the rest groups in the range of 1.1%-7.4%, and some showed significant differences. [Conclusion] Controlled-release fertilizers can be applied once at the amount of 80% common fertilizer＇s, with con- sideration of maize yield, nitrogen use rate and economic profits, which is beneficial for summer maize application and promotion in North China.

Quality of life following laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication: Assessing short-term and long-term outcomes

AIM: To investigate the quality of life following lapa-roscopic Nissen fundoplication by assessing short-term and long-term outcomes. METHODS: From 1992 to 2005, 249 patients under-went laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Short-term outcome data including symptom response, side effects of surgery, endoscopy, and patient's perception of over-all success were collected prospectively. Long-term out-comes were investigated retrospectively in patients witha median follow-up of 10 years by assessment of reflux symptoms, side effects of surgery, durability of antire-flux surgery, need for additional treatment, patient's perception of success, and quality of life. Antireflux sur-gery was considered a failure based on the following criteria: moderate to severe heartburn or regurgitation; moderate to severe dysphagia reported in combination with heartburn or regurgitation; regular proton pump inhibitor medication use; endoscopic evidence of erosive esophagitis Savary-Miller grade 1-4; pathological 24-h pH monitoring; or necessity to undergo an additional surgery. The main outcome measures were short-and long-term cure rates and quality of life, with patient sat-isfaction as a secondary outcome measure. RESULTS: Conversion from laparoscopy to open sur-gery was necessary in 2.4% of patients. Mortality was zero and the 30-d morbidity was 7.6% (95%CI: 4.7%-11.7%). The median postoperative hospital stay was 2 d [interquartile range (IQR) 2-3 d]. Two hundred and forty-seven patients were interviewed for short-term analysis following endoscopy. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease was cured in 98.4% (95%CI: 95.9%-99.6%) of patients three months after surgery. New-onset dysphagia was encountered postoperatively in 13 patients (6.7%); 95% reported that the outcome was better after antireflux surgery than with preopera-tive medical treatment. One hundred and thirty-nine patients with a median follow-up of 10.2 years (IQR 7.2-11.6 years) were available for a long-term evalu-ation. Cumulative long-term cure rates were 87.7% (81.0%-92.2%) at 5 years and 72.9% (64.0%-79.9%) at 10 years. Gastrointestinal symptom rating scores and RAND-36 quality of life scores of patients with treatment success were similar to those of the general population but significantly lower in those with failed antireflux surgery. Of the patients available for long-term follow-up, 83% rated their operation a success. CONCLUSION: For the long-term, our results indicate decreasing effectiveness of laparoscopic antirefluxsurgery, although most of the patients seem to have an overall quality of life similar to that of the general population.

Physics-informed neural network approach for heat generation rate estimation of lithium-ion battery under various driving conditions

Accurate insight into the heat generation rate(HGR) of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) is one of key issues for battery management systems to formulate thermal safety warning strategies in advance.For this reason,this paper proposes a novel physics-informed neural network(PINN) approach for HGR estimation of LIBs under various driving conditions.Specifically,a single particle model with thermodynamics(SPMT) is first constructed for extracting the critical physical knowledge related with battery HGR.Subsequently,the surface concentrations of positive and negative electrodes in battery SPMT model are integrated into the bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM) networks as physical information.And combined with other feature variables,a novel PINN approach to achieve HGR estimation of LIBs with higher accuracy is constituted.Additionally,some critical hyperparameters of BiLSTM used in PINN approach are determined through Bayesian optimization algorithm(BOA) and the results of BOA-based BiLSTM are compared with other traditional BiLSTM/LSTM networks.Eventually,combined with the HGR data generated from the validated virtual battery,it is proved that the proposed approach can well predict the battery HGR under the dynamic stress test(DST) and worldwide light vehicles test procedure(WLTP),the mean absolute error under DST is 0.542 kW/m^(3),and the root mean square error under WLTP is1.428 kW/m^(3)at 25℃.Lastly,the investigation results of this paper also show a new perspective in the application of the PINN approach in battery HGR estimation.

The efficiency of long-term straw return to sequester organic carbon in Northeast China＇s cropland

Black soil is one of the most precious soil resources on earth because it has abundant carbon stocks and a relatively high production capacity. However, decreasing organic matter after land reclamation, and the effects of long-term inputs of organic carbon have made it less fertile black soil in Northeast China. Straw return could be an effective method for improving soil organic carbon（SOC） sequestration in black soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether straw return effectively increases SOC sequestration. Long-term field experiments were conducted at three sites in Northeast China with varying latitudes and SOC densities. Study plots were subjected to three treatments： no fertilization（CK）; inorganic fertilization（NPK）; and NPK plus straw return（NPKS）. The results showed that the SOC stocks resulting from NPKS treatment were 4.0 and 5.7% higher than those from NPK treatment at two sites, but straw return did not significantly affect the SOC stocks at the third site. Furthermore, at higher SOC densities, the NPKS treatment resulted in significantly higher soil carbon sequestration rates（CSR） than the NPK treatment. The equilibrium value of the CSR for the NPKS treatment equated to cultivation times of 17, 11, and 8 years at the different sites. Straw return did not significantly increase the SOC stocks in regions with low SOC densities, but did enhance the C pool in regions with high SOC densities. These results show that there is strong regional variation in the effects of straw return on the SOC stocks in black soil in Northeast China. Additional cultivations and fertilization practices should be used when straw return is considered as an approach for the long-term improvement of the soil organic carbon pool.

An assessment of the subduction rate in the CMIP6 historical experiment

Subduction process is a dynamical bridge for the exchanges of heat between the atmosphere and subsurface ocean water,which is regarded as a central proxy for the ocean climate studies.Given its key indicator in climate signals,it is of importance to examine the ability of a model to simulate the global subduction rate before investigating the climate dynamics.In this paper,we evaluated the ability of 21 climate models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)in simulating the subduction rate.In general,the simulation ability of the models to the subduction climatology is better than that to the long-term variation trend.Based on the comprehensive analysis of climatology distribution and long-term trend of the subduction rate,GISS-E2-1-G performs better in reproducing the subduction rate climatology and IPSL-CM6A-LR can simulate positive long-term trend for both the global mean subduction rate and the lateral induction term in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current(ACC)region.However,it is still challenging to capture both the distribution characteristics of the subduction climatology and the long-term temporal trend for the 21 CMIP6 models.In addition,the model results demonstrate that,the ACC area is the major region contributing to the long-term trend of the global mean subduction rate.The analysis in this paper indicates that the poor simulation ability of reproducing the long-term trend of global mean subduction rate might be attributed to the ocean dynamics,for example,the zonal velocity at the bottom mixed layer and zonal gradient of mixed layer depth.

Psychological stress and long-term blood pressure variability of military young males:The cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces study

BACKGROUND Acute stress might increase short-term heart rate variability and blood pressure variability(BPV);however,chronic stress would not alter short-term BPV in animal models.AIM To examine the association of psychological stress with long-term BPV in young male humans.METHODS We prospectively examined the association of chronic psychological stress with long-term BPV in 1112 healthy military males,averaged 32.2 years from the cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces study in Taiwan.Psychological stress was quantitatively evaluated with the Brief Symptom Rating Scale(BSRS-5),from the least symptom of 0 to the most severe of 20,and the five components of anxiety,insomnia,depression,interpersonal sensitivity,and hostility(the severity score in each component from 0 to 4).Longterm BPV was assessed by standard deviation(SD)for systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP),and average real variability(ARV),defined as the average absolute difference between successive measurements of SBP or DBP,across four visits in the study period from 2012 to 2018(2012-14,2014-15,2015-16,and 2016-18).RESULTS The results of multivariable linear regressions showed that there were no correlations of the BSRS-5 score with SDSBP,SDDBP,ARVSBP,and ARVDBP after adjusting for all the covariates[β(SE):-0.022(0.024),-0.023(0.026),-0.001(0.018),and 0.001(0.020),respectively;P>0.05 for all].In addition,there were also no correlations between each component of the BSRS score and the long-term BPV indexes.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that chronic psychological stress might not be associated with long-term BPV in military young male humans.

Stent-assisted coiling of intracranial carotid ophthalmic segment aneurysm segment aneurysms:Long-term follow-up from a single center

Background:To evaluate the efficacy of stent-assisted coiling(SAC)for the treatment of carotid ophthalmic segment aneurysm segment aneurysms(OSAs)of the internal carotid artery(ICA)through detailed long-term follow-up of a large patient cohort.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 88 consecutive patients with OSAs between January 2009 and January 2020 at our center.Angiographic results were evaluated using the modified Raymond grading system and clinical outcomes were evaluated using the mRS scale.The primary endpoints were major aneurysm recurrence and poor clinical outcomes for at least 18 months of follow-up.The patients were asked to attend clinical follow-up assessments and possibly undergo DSA or MR via telephone.Results:We enrolled 88 patients with 99 OSAs treated with coiling,of whom 76 were treated with SAC.The coiling procedures were successful in all 88 patients.Overall,complications occurred in 8 patients(9.1%).No procedure-related mortality was observed.67(76.1%)experienced immediate aneurysm occlusion at the end of the procedure.Long-term angiographic follow-up(18 months)was available in 45/88 aneurysms(51%)(average 18.7±5.2 months).Four patients continued their follow-up for 5 years after initial aneurysm treatment.After a clinical follow-up time of 28.7 months(range,12-51 months),85 patients(95.5%)achieved favorable clinical outcomes(mRS scores of 0-2).Conclusions:This study indicates that SAC treatment is a safe and effective therapeutic alternative for ruptured and unruptured OSAs.The procedural risks are low with relatively long-term effectiveness.

Relationship of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Arginase-1 Levels with Long-term Survival after Kidney Transplantation

In this study, we compared the serum levels of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）, interleukin-10 （IL-10）, and arginase-1 in long-term survival kidney transplant recipients （LTSKTRs） with those in short-term survival kidney transplant recipients （STSKTRs）. We then evaluated the relationship between these levels and graft function. Blood samples were collected from 50 adult LTSKTRs and 20 STSKTRs （graft survival approximately 1-3 years post-transplantation）. All patients had stable kidney function. The samples were collected at our institution during the patients＇ follow-up examinations between March 2017 and September 2017. The plasma levels of TGF-β1, IL- 10, and arginase- 1 were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays （ELISA）. The levels of TGF-β1 and arginase-1 were significantly higher in the LTSKTRs than in the STSKTRs. The time elapsed since transplantation was positively correlated with the levels of TGF-β1 and arginase-1 in the LTSKTRs. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was positively correlated with the TGF-β1 level, and the serum creatinine level was negatively correlated with the TGF-β1 level. Higher serum levels of TGF-β1 and arginase-1 were found in LTSKTRs than in STSKTRs, and we found that TGF-β1 was positively correlated with long-term graft survival and function. Additionally, TGF-β1 and arginase-1 levels were positively correlated with the time elapsed since transplantation. On the basis of these findings, TGF-β1 and arginase- 1 may play important roles in determining long-term graft survival. Thus, we propose that TGF-β1 and arginase-1 may potentially be used as predictive markers for evaluating long-term graft survival.

A WORLD ECONOMY CORNERED BY LONG-TERM CHALLENGES

The world economic growth in 2016,counted on the Purchasing Power Parity(PPP),was 3.1%,a drop somewhat from that of 2015,global growth rate continuing to slow down,global debts continuing to increase,international financial market becoming more fragile and international trade and investment becoming more bleak.As gap of household income and wealth widens and anti-globalization tendency is on the increase,the world economy is in face of quite

超声下经皮腔内血管成形术治疗自体动静脉内瘘狭窄及术后再狭窄的临床研究

目的分析超声下经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)治疗自体动静脉内瘘(AVF)狭窄的效果。方法选取郑州市第三人民医院血液净化中心的2018年1月-2022年5月期间收治的AVF狭窄者42例作为研究对象进行回顾性分析,均行超声下PTA治疗,收集纳入对象的基线资料以及围术期临床资料,观察手术前后透析血流量、狭窄处血管内径变化,统计临床成功率、技术成功率与并发症发生率、术后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月初级通畅率、次级通畅率以及术后6个月、12个月的内瘘再狭窄发生率。结果技术成功率为97.61%(41/42);临床成功率达97.56%(40/41);术后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月初级通畅率分别为94.59%(35/37)、78.38%(29/37)、62.16%(23/37)、51.35%(19/37);术后3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月次级通畅率分别为100.00%(37/37)、97.30%(36/37)、91.89%(34/37)、86.49%(32/37);术后并发症总发生率为13.51%(5/37);术后6个月再狭窄率为21.62%(8/37),术后12个月再狭窄率为48.65%(18/37);术后透析血流速度、狭窄处内径均大于术前(P<0.05)。结论超声下PTA治疗AVF狭窄患者效果显著,可改善内瘘通畅率,增加透析血流速度与狭窄处内径。

Long-term efficacy of microvascular decompression on trigeminal neuralgia and multi-factor research of recurrence

Objective To research the factors that affects the efficacy of 2 826 cases of of trigeminal neuralgia after microvascular decompression during follow-up more than 1 year. Methods The patients with trigeminal meuralgia were followed-up for 1-25 years ( mean 9. 8 years) after microvascular decompression from January 1984 to

超声介入治疗自体动静脉内瘘狭窄的效果评估与分析

目的研究超声引导下经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)治疗自体动静脉内瘘(AVF)狭窄的临床效果。方法选取2020年9月至2023年9月赣州市人民医院收治的68例自体AVF狭窄患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=34)和观察组(n=34)。对照组予以数字减影血管造影(DSA)引导下PTA治疗,观察组采用超声引导下PTA治疗,比较两组的临床手术指标,比较两组治疗前后的AVF狭窄处超声测量指标[血管内径、横断面积、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、自然血流量],比较两组治疗前后的炎症因子[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]水平,并比较两组的并发症发生率。结果观察组的手术时间、住院时间均短于对照组,内瘘通畅率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的血管内径、横断面积及自然血流量均大于本组治疗前,PSV慢于本组治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组治疗后的血管内径、横断面积及自然血流量大于对照组,PSV慢于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的hs-CRP及IL-6水平均低于本组治疗前,且观察组的hs-CRP及IL-6水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下PTA是自体AVF狭窄的首选治疗方式,可以术中直接评估疗效,更好地改善内瘘通畅率及自然血流量,调节炎症因子,降低并发症风险,还可以避免对比剂和射线伤害,较DSA引导下PTA疗效更佳,值得推广。

髂静脉内支架植入术治疗深静脉血栓后综合征的疗效分析

目的对髂静脉支架治疗深静脉血栓后综合征疗效进行评价。方法回顾性选取2020年1月—2023年6月柳州市柳铁中心医院收治的68例深静脉血栓后综合征(post-thrombotic syndrome,PTS)患者临床资料,根据其治疗方式分为支架治疗组(40例)和保守治疗组(28例)。支架治疗组行髂静脉球囊扩张成型支架置入术治疗,保守治疗组行保守治疗,比较两组患者Villalta评分、血管通畅率。结果治疗前,两组患者Villalta评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患者术后3个月、6个月、12个月Villalta评分较术前均降低,且支架治疗组患者术后3个月、6个月Villalta评分(10.81±2.97)分、(8.62±2.68)分均低于保守治疗组的(12.54±3.81)分、(9.81±1.64)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.103、2.089,P均<0.05)。支架治疗组患者治疗3个月、6个月和12个月的血管通畅率80.00%(32/40)、90.00%(36/40)和95.00%(38/40)均高于对照组的57.14%(16/28)、67.86%(19/28)、75.00%(21/28),差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论髂静脉内支架植入术治疗下肢静脉闭塞性疾病可以提高术后静脉血管通畅率,减轻下肢临床症状,提高患者术后生活质量。

臂丛神经阻滞对动静脉造瘘术后血管通畅率的影响

目的比较臂丛神经阻滞(brachial plexus block,BPB)与其他麻醉方法对终末期肾衰竭(end-stage renal disease,ESRD)病人动静脉造瘘术后通畅率等结果的影响,以优化ESRD病人造瘘的围术期麻醉管理方案。方法本研究第一部分为回顾性队列研究:选择2017年1月1日~2022年8月30日行动静脉造瘘术的ESRD病人,根据麻醉方式不同分为BPB组180例和局部麻醉(local anesthesia,LA)组332例,收集两组一般资料、造瘘管通畅率、术后并发症和其他随访数据并进行比较。第二部分Meta分析:检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library和Scopus数据库自建库至2024年4月所有相关文献,根据纳排标准进行文献筛选和数据提取,使用RevMan 5.3进行数据分析。结果第一部分回顾性研究显示,BPB组与LA组术后原始通畅率在1、12个月比较差异有统计学意义(96.6%vs 91.7%,P<0.05;68.3%vs 59.0%,P<0.05),BPB组与LA组干预后通畅率在1、3、12个月比较差异有统计学意义(100.0%vs 95.5%,P<0.05;96.5%vs 86.3%,P<0.05;85.0%vs 70.8%,P<0.05),两组术后感染、血栓和血肿并发症比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。第二部分Meta分析结果显示,BPB较其他麻醉方法造瘘术后原始通畅率明显升高(SMD=1.51,95%CI 1.17~1.96,P<0.05),术后感染和血栓并发症比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论BPB对维持动静脉造瘘术后的长期通畅率较其他麻醉方法具有明显优势,且具有与其他麻醉方式相当的安全性。

预防性限流在肱动脉-头静脉内瘘中的应用

目的:观察血液透析患者肱动脉-头静脉内瘘术中使用预防性限流环对术后高流量相关并发症以及通畅率的影响。方法:回顾性收集2017年2月至2022年5月在浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院肾内科接受治疗的所有因终末期肾病血液透析建立肱动脉-头静脉内瘘的患者资料。其中43例在术中使用血管缝线于吻合口近旁的静脉上套一个4~5 mm的线圈作为限流环(限流组),42例未使用上述限流环(对照组)。两组患者均随访1~5年。比较两组血透通路相关性肢端缺血综合征、动静脉内瘘动脉瘤、血栓、流量过高的充血性心力衰竭、吻合口旁1 cm内静脉狭窄、头静脉弓狭窄等并发症的发生率,动静脉内瘘自然血流量,吻合口内径,吻合口附近静脉血管内径以及内瘘的初级通畅率、辅助初级通畅率和次级通畅率等。采用Logistic回归分析动静脉内瘘通畅率的影响因素以及限流环对术后各因素的影响。结果:超声结果显示,限流组术后3个月限流环部位的血管内径为(3.7±0.6)mm,小于同期对照组吻合口旁静脉最小部位的内径(4.1±1.0)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.416,P<0.01)。与对照组比较,限流组术后各种并发症的发生率均降低(均P<0.05),动静脉内瘘自然血流量、吻合口内径均减少(均P<0.05);术后6、12、24个月时初级通畅率和辅助初级通畅率均增加(均P<0.05),但次级通畅率无明显差异(P>0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、糖尿病、术后3个月动静脉内瘘自然血流量是初级通畅率的独立危险因素,术中使用限流环是初级通畅率的独立保护因素(P<0.01或P<0.05);使用限流环与6、12个月吻合口内径、动静脉内瘘自然血流量以及与头静脉弓狭窄、动脉瘤的发生率呈负相关(均P<0.05)。结论:在肱动脉-头静脉内瘘术中使用预防性限流环可以限制吻合口径和术后动静脉内瘘血流量,减少头静脉弓狭窄、高血流量心力衰竭等并发症发生,使动静脉内瘘有更高的初级通畅率,延长了内瘘的再次干预时间。

不同机械减容装置治疗下肢动脉栓塞及血栓形成的效果对比

目的比较不同机械减容装置治疗下肢动脉栓塞及血栓形成的有效性和安全性。方法收集2016年9月至2020年12月甘肃省人民医院收治的50例下肢动脉栓塞及血栓形成患者的临床资料,根据使用机械减容装置的不同将患者分为A组(采用AngioJet机械减容装置)和B组(采用Rotarex Straub机械减容装置),每组25例。比较两组患者的手术治疗结果、手术相关并发症发生情况及术后不同时间一期血管通畅率,记录两组患者不同时间的下肢缺血分级情况,分析术后靶血管再次闭塞或血栓形成的危险因素。结果两组患者的技术成功率和临床成功率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。两组患者住院期间均未发生严重的出血事件,随访期间均未发生手术相关的严重并发症,保肢率为100%。术后3、6、12个月,两组患者的一期血管通畅率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。两组患者不同时间下肢缺血分级情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。心房颤动、吸烟均为术后靶血管再次闭塞或血栓形成的危险因素(P﹤0.05)。结论对于下肢动脉栓塞及血栓形成患者,两种机械减容装置的短期疗效相似,中期疗效可能存在差异。心房颤动、吸烟均与术后靶血管再次闭塞或血栓形成有关。