Improving the operational stability of perovskite solar cells with cesium-doped graphene oxide interlayer

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have made great advances in terms of power conversion efficiency(PCE),yet their subpar stability continues to hinder their commercialization.The interface between the perovskite layer and the charge-carrier transporting layers plays a crucial role in undermining the stability of PSCs.In this work,we propose a strategy to stabilize high-performance PSCs with PCE over 23%by introducing a cesium-doped graphene oxide(GO-Cs)as an interlayer between the perovskite and hole-transporting material.The GO-Cs treated PSCs exhibit excellent operational stability with a projected T80(the time where the device PCE reduces to 80%of its initial value)of 2143 h of operation at the maximum powering point under one sun illumination.

Monitoring Study of Long-Term Land Subsidence during Subway Operation in High-Density Urban Areas Based on DInSAR-GPS-GIS Technology and Numerical Simulation

During subway operation,various factors will cause long-term land subsidence,such as the vibration subsidence of foundation soil caused by train vibration load,incomplete consolidation deformation of foundation soil during tunnel construction,dense buildings and structures in the vicinity of the tunnel,and changes in water level in the stratum where the tunnel is located.The monitoring of long-term land subsidence during subway operation in high-density urban areas differs from that in low-density urban construction areas.The former is the gathering point of the entire urban population.There are many complex buildings around the project,busy road traffic,high pedestrian flow,and less vegetation cover.Several existing items requiremonitoring.However,monitoring distance is long,and providing early warning is difficult.This study uses the 2.8 km operation line between Wulin Square station and Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 as an example to propose the integrated method of DInSAR-GPS-GIS technology and the key algorithm for long-term land subsidence deformation.Then,it selects multiscene image data to analyze long-termland subsidence of high-density urban areas during subway operation.Results show that long-term land subsidence caused by the operation of Wulin Square station to Ding’an Road station of Hangzhou Subway Line 1 is small,with maximumsubsidence of 30.64 mm,and minimumsubsidence of 11.45 mm,and average subsidence ranging from 19.27 to 21.33 mm.And FLAC3D software was used to verify the monitoring situation,using the geological conditions of the soil in the study area and the tunnel profile to simulate the settlement under vehicle load,and the simulation results tended to be consistent with the monitoring situation.

Voltage-dependent plasticity and image Boolean operations realized in a WOx-based memristive synapse

The development of electronic devices that possess the functionality of biological synapses is a crucial step towards neuromorphic computing.In this work,we present a WOx-based memristive device that can emulate voltage-dependent synaptic plasticity.By adjusting the amplitude of the applied voltage,we were able to reproduce short-term plasticity(STP)and the transition from STP to long-term potentiation.The stimulation with high intensity induced long-term enhancement of conductance without any decay process,thus representing a permanent memory behavior.Moreover,the image Boolean operations(including intersection,subtraction,and union)were also demonstrated in the memristive synapse array based on the above voltage-dependent plasticity.The experimental achievements of this study provide a new insight into the successful mimicry of essential characteristics of synaptic behaviors.

ITERATIVE APPROXIMATION OF FIXED POINTS FOR MULTIVALUED OPERATORS OF THE MONOTONE TYPE IN UNIFORMLY SMOOTH BANACH SPACES

In this paper, let K be a nonempty subset of a uniformly smooth Banach space X, and T:K→2~k be a multivalued operator of the monotone type. The iterative sequence which converges strongly to the unique fixed point of T is given. Our results are the extension and improvements of the results obtained previously by several authors including Dunn, Chidume, Deng and Ding.

Role of Protein Kinase C in the Activation of Store-operated Ca^(2+) Entry in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells

Store-operated Ca2＋ channels （SOCs） are plasma membrane Ca2＋ permeable channels activated by depletion of intracellular Ca2＋ store. Ca2＋ entry through SOCs is known as store-operated Ca2＋ entry （SOCE）, which plays an important role in the functional regulation of airway smooth muscle cells （ASMCs）. Protein kinase C （PKC） has been shown to have an activating or inhibiting effect on SOCE, depending on cell types and PKC isoforms that are involved. In ASMCs, the effect of PKC on SOCE has not been elucidated so far. In this study, the role of PKC in the activation of SOCE in rat ASMCs was examined by using Ca2＋ fluorescence imaging technique. The results showed that acute application of PKC activators PMA and PDBu did not affect SOCE induced by the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2＋-ATPase （SERCA） inhibitor thapsigargin. The non-selective PKC inhibitor chelerythrine significantly inhibited thapsigargin- and bradykinin-induced SOCE. RT-PCR assay identified PKCα, δ and ε isoforms in rat ASMCs. PKCα-selective inhibitor G6976 and PKCε-inhibiting peptide Epsilon-V1-2 had no effect on SOCE; by contrast, PKCδ-selective inhibitor rottlerin attenuated SOCE dramatically, suggesting that PKCδ was the major PKC isoform involved in the activation of SOCE in ASMCs. Moreover, PKC down-regulation by extended exposure to high doses of PMA or PDBu also reduced SOCE, confirming the essential role of PKC in the activation of SOCE in ASMCs. In addition, PKC down-regulation did not influence the expression of stromal interaction molecule 1 （STIM1） and Orai1, two elementary molecules in the regulation and activation of SOCs. These results identified PKCδ as an essential PKC isoform involved in the activation of SOCE, and confirmed that PKC regulates the function of ASMCs in a SOCE-dependent manner.

GLOBAL SMOOTHNESS PRESERVATION BY BIVARIATE INTERPOLATION OPERATORS

Extending the results of [4] in the univariate case, in this paper we prove that the bivariate interpolation polynomials of Hermite-Fejér based on the Chebyshev nodes of the first kind, those of Lagrange based on the Chebyshev nodes of second kind and ±1, and those of bivariate Shepard operators, have the property of partial preservation of global smoothness, with respect to various bivariate moduli of continuity.

A New System of Generalized Variational Inclusions Involving H-η-monotone Operators in Uniformly Smooth Banach Spaces

In this paper, we introduce and study a new system of generalized vari- ational inclusions involving H-η-monotone operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces. Using the resolvent operator technique associated with H-η-monotone opera- tors, we prove the approximation solvability of solutions using an iterative algorithm. The results in this paper extend and improve some known results from the literature.

Equivalence of <i>K</i>-Functionals and Modulus of Smoothness Generated by a Generalized Dunkl Operator on the Real Line

This paper is intended to establish the equivalence between K-functionals and modulus of smoothness tied to a Dunkl type operator on the real line.

A Two-Stage Approach for Large-Scale Cascaded Hydropower System Operations

The paper presents a two-stage approach to cope with the long-term optimal operation of cascaded hydropower systems. This approach combines progressive optimality algorithm (POA) with quadratic programming (QP) to improve the optimization results. POA is used at the first stage to generate a local optimal result, which will be selected as the initial feasible solution of QP method employed at the second stage. Around the initial solution, a rational local search range for QP method is then determined, where the nonlinear water level function and tailrace level function can be linearized nearly with high accuracy. The simplified optimization problem is formulated as a QP model with a quadratic generation function and a linear set of constraints, and solved using the available mathematic optimization software package. Simulation is performed on the long term operation of Hongshui River hydropower system which is located in southwest China and consists of 9 built hydropower plants. Results obtained from the proposed approach show a significant increase in the total energy production compared to the results from POA.

ITERATIVE CONSTRUCTION OF FIXED POINTS FOR MULTIVALUED OPERATORS OF THE MONOTONE TYPE IN UNIFORMLY SMOOTH BANACH SPACES

The fixed points of set-valued operators satisfying a condition of monotonicitytype in s-uniformly smooth Banach spaces are approximated by recursive averagingprocess in the present paper.

Implicit Variational Inclusions and Algorithms Involving （A, η）-monotone Operators in 2-uniformly Smooth Banach Spaces

This paper deals with a new class of nonlinear set valued implicit variational inclusion problems involving （A, η）-monotone mappings in 2-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. Semi-inner product structure has been used to study the （A, η）-monotonicity. Using the generalized resolvent operator technique and the semi-inner product structure, the approximation solvability of the proposed problem is investigated. An iterative algorithm is constructed to approximate the solution of the problem. Convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is investigated. Similar results are also investigated for variational inclusion problems involving （H, η）-monotone mappings.

Weighted estimates for commutators of singular integral operators with non-smooth kernels

In this paper, we establish the boundedness of commutators of singular integral operators with non-smooth kernels on weighted Lipschitz spaces Lipβ,ω. The condition on the kernel in this paper is weaker than the usual pointwise HSrmander condition.

Toeplitz Operator Related to Singular Integral with Non-Smooth Kernel on Weighted Morrey Space

Let T1 be a singular integral with non-smooth kernel or ±I, let T2 and T4 be the linear operators and let T3 = ± I. Denote the Toeplitz type operator by Tb = T1M^b Ia T2 ＋ T3IaMbT4,where M^bf = bf, and Ib is the fractional integral operator. In this paper, we investigate the boundedness of the operator Tb on the weighted Morrey space when b belongs to the weighted BMO space.

On n-K Width of Certain Function Classes Defined by Linear Differential Operators in L_2 Space

Let M(u) be an N function, A=D r+∑r-1k=0a k(x)D k a linear differential operator and W M(A) the Sobolev Orlicz class defined by M(u) and A. In this paper we give the asymptotic estimates of the n K width d n(W M(A),L 2[0,1]) .

Simultaneous Approximation by Baskakov-Durrmeyer Operator

In this paper, we investigate the degree of approximation by Baskakov_Durrmeyer operator for functions which derivatives have only discontinuity points of the first kind on [0,∞) with exponential growth.

On n-K Width of Certain Function Classes Defined by Linear Differential Operators in L2 Space

Let M(u) be an N function, A=D r+∑r-1k=0a k(x)D k a linear differential operator and W M(A) the Sobolev Orlicz class defined by M(u) and A. In this paper we give the asymptotic estimates of the n K width d n(W M(A),L 2[0,1]) .

Smooth L-Fuzzy拓扑空间的内部算子

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Smooth L-Fuzzy拓扑空间内部算子的等价刻画

借助于集合套理论 ,在 Smooth L- Fuzzy拓扑空间上给出了 Smooth内部算子的一些等价刻画 ,从而揭示了 Smooth L- Fuzzy拓扑空间上 Smooth内部算子与 L - Fuzzy拓扑空间上内部算子的内在联系 。

AN ITERATIVE PROCESS FOR FINDING APPROXIMATE SOLUTIONS TO NONLINEAR EQUATIONS OF STRONGLY ACCRETIVE OPERATORS

In this paper, we investigate the Ishikawa iteration process in a p-uniformly smooth Banach space X. We prove that the Ishikawa iteration process converges strongly to the unique solution of the equation Tx=f when T is a Lipschitzian and strongly accretive operator frow X to X, or to the unique fixed point of T when T is a Lipschitzian and strictly pseudocontractive mapping from a nonempty closed convex subset K of X into itself. Our results are the extension and improvements of the earlier and recent results in this field.

A New System of Variational Inclusions with （H,η）-accretive Operators in Banach Spaces

In this paper, we first introduce a new class of generalized accretive operators named （H,η）-accretive in Banach space. By studying the properties of （H,η）-accretive, we extend the concept of resolvent operators associated with m-accretive operators to the new （H,η）-accretive operators. In terms of the new resolvent operator technique, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for this new system of variational inclusions. We also construct a new algorithm for approximating the solution of this system and discuss the convergence of the sequence of iterates generated by the algorithm.