Radar fast long-time coherent integration via TR-SKT and robust sparse FRFT

Long-time coherent integration(LTCI)is an effective way for radar maneuvering target detection,but it faces the problem of a large number of search parameters and large amount of calculation.Realizing the simultaneous compensation of the range and Doppler migrations in complex clutter back-ground,and at the same time improving the calculation efficiency has become an urgent problem to be solved.The sparse transformation theory is introduced to LTCI in this paper,and a non-parametric searching sparse LTCI(SLTCI)based maneuvering target detection method is proposed.This method performs time reversal(TR)and second-order Keystone transform(SKT)in the range frequency&slow-time data to complete high-order range walk compensation,and achieves the coherent integra-tion of maneuvering target across range and Doppler units via the robust sparse fractional Fourier transform(RSFRFT).It can compensate for the nonlinear range migration caused by high-order motion.S-band and X-band radar data measured in sea clutter background are used to verify the detection performance of the proposed method,which can achieve better detection performance of maneuvering targets with less computational burden compared with several popular integration methods.

Optimization of Methylene Blue Dye Adsorption onto Coconut Husk Cellulose Using Response Surface Methodology: Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherms and Reusability Studies

In this study, coconut husk cellulose was employed as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly adsorbent to eliminate methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. The successful development of response surface methodology paired with a central composite design (RSM-CCD) enabled the optimization and modelling of the adsorption process. The study investigated the individual and combined effects of three variables (pH, contact time, and initial MB dye concentration) on the adsorption of MB dye onto coconut husk cellulose. The developed RSM-CCD model exhibited a remarkable degree of precision in predicting the removal efficiency of MB dye within the specified experimental parameters. This was demonstrated by the strong regression parameters, with an R2 value of 99.79% and an adjusted R2 value of 99.6%. The study depicted that the optimal parameters for attaining a 98.8827% removal of MB dye using coconut husk cellulose were as follows: an initial MB dye concentration of 30 mg∙L−1, contact time of 120 minutes, and pH 7 at a fixed adsorbent dose of 0.5 g. The Freundlich isotherm model provided the most satisfactory description of the equilibrium adsorption isotherms, suggesting that MB dye adsorption onto coconut husk cellulose occurs on a heterogeneous surface. The experimental results demonstrated a strong agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetics model, indicating that the number of active sites present on the cellulose adsorbent predominantly influences the adsorption process of MB dye. Additionally, the adsorbent made from coconut husk cellulose exhibited the potential to be reused, as it retained its efficiency for a maximum of three cycles of adsorption of MB dye. The results of this study show that coconut husk cellulose has the potential to be an effective and sustainable adsorbent for removing MB dye from aqueous solutions.

A Novel Long-Time Coherent Integration Method for Moving Target Detection

Long-time coherent integration(LTCI)can remarkably improve the detection ability of radar for moving target.To increase the processing efficiency,this paper proposes a novel LTCI method based on segment time reversing transform(STRT)and chirp z-transform(CZT).In this method,STRT operation is first presented to estimate the Doppler ambiguity factor,and keystone transform(KT)is used to correct the whole range migration(RM).Then,CZT and non-uniform fast Fourier transform(NUFFT)are used to estimate the parameters as well as correct the second and third order Doppler frequency migration(DFM).Compared with the existing methods,the proposed method can achieve RM correction and DFM correction without repetitive operation.The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by both simulated and real data.

LONG-TIME CONVERGENCE OF GENERALIZED DIFFERENCE METHOD FOR NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

In this paper, we first provide a generalized difference method for the 2-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations by combing the ideas of staggered scheme m and generalized upwind scheme in space, and by backward Euler time-stepping. Then we apply the abstract framework of to prove its long-time convergence. Finally, a numerical example for solving driven cavity flows is given.

Long-time limit behavior of the solution to an atom's master equation

We study the long-time limit behavior of the solution to an atom＇s master equation. For the first time we derive that the probability of the atom being in the α-th （α = j ＋ 1 -jz, j is the angular momentum quantum number, jz is the z-component of angular momentum） state is {（1 - K/G）/[1 - （K/G）2j＋1]}（K/G）^α-1 as t → ＋∞, which coincides with the fact that when K/G 〉 1, the larger the a is, the larger the probability of the atom being in the α-th state （the lower excited state） is. We also consider the case for some possible generaizations of the atomic master equation.

Ultrathin metal-organic framework nanosheets (Cu-TCPP)-based isothermal nucleic acid amplification for food allergen detection

The rapid and accurate detection of peanuts and soybeans allergen is important to the food safety. In this study, Cu-TCPP nanosheet, a kind of ultra-thin metal-organic framework(MOF)was synthesized and applied in loop-mediated isothermal amplification(named Cu-TCPP@LAMP), which can inhibit the non-specific amplification by absorbing and precise temperature releasing of single primer. As thus, Cu-TCPP@LAMP can achieve high sensitivity and specific amplification of the target gene. As a result, peanut and soybean allergens genes contained in food were successfully detected with a favorable detection sensitivity(5 ng/μL for peanuts and 10 ng/μL for soybeans)and reliable repeatability(The coefficient of variation was 3.38% for peanuts and 3.33% for soybeans). Moreover, the established method was utilized for detection of several commercial products, and had a high consistency with the standard method. Apart from food allergens, this novel assay can be widely used in other areas, such as pathogen detection, tumor nucleic acid detection and so on.

Long-time evolution of charged grains in plasma under harmonic external force and after being withdrawn

Evolution of the charged grains in a two-dimensional dusty plasma under a spatially harmonic external force,in particular,their long-time behaviors after the force has been withdrawn,is studied by using molecular dynamics simulation.Under an external force and a grain–grain interaction force,initially homogeneously distributed grains can reach a quasistationary state in the form of a disk crystal.After the external force is withdrawn,the disk moves initially with its size and shape nearly unchanged until it rapidly stops moving,and eventually the disk grain rotates like a vortex.The time needed to reach the final state increases with the strength of the initial external force increasing.

LONG-TIME BEHAVIOR OF TRANSIENT SOLUTIONS FOR CELLULAR NEURAL NETWORK SYSTEMS

By establishing concept an transient solutions of general nonlinear systems converging to its equilibrium set, long-time behavior of solutions for cellular neural network systems is studied. A stability condition in generalized sense is obtained. This result reported has an important guide to concrete neural network designs.

Long-Time Relaxation and Residual Conductivity in GaP Irradiated by High-Energy Electrons

This paper presents the results of a study of long-time relaxation (LR) and residual conductivity in n-type gallium phosphide (GaP) crystals irradiated by 50 MeV electrons. A manifold increase in photosensitivity and quenching of residual conductivity was found as a result of irradiation. It is shown that LR in GaP is due to disordered regions (generated by electron irradiation) which have conductivity close to self one. The Fermi level in the disordered regions is determined by which is located deep in the forbidden band (Ее - 1.0 eV). LR effect is mainly explained by a spatial separation of electrons and holes, recombination of which is prevented by potential barriers. The observed increase in conductivity is associated with the increase in the concentration of minority carriers as well as with increase of the Hall mobility at the sample illumination.

Research progress and prospects of nucleic acid isothermal amplification technology

Nucleic acid(DNA and RNA)detection and quantification methods play vital roles in molecular biology.With the development of molecular biology,isothermal amplification of DNA/RNA,as a new molecular biology technology,can be amplified under isothermal condition,it has the advantages of high sensitivity,high specificity,and high efficiency,and has been applied in various fields of biotechnology,including disease diagnosis,pathogen detection,food hygiene and safety detection and so on.This paper introduces the progress of isothermal amplification technology,including rolling circle amplification(RCA),nucleic acid sequence-dependent amplification(NASBA),strand displacement amplification(SDA),loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP),helicase-dependent amplification(HDA),recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA),cross-priming amplification(CPA),and its principle,advantages and disadvantages,and application development are briefly summarized.

Heat Characteristics and Viscous Flow in a Moving Isothermal Cylindrical Duct with Nanoparticles

Extrusion, melt spinning, glass fiber production, food processing, and mechanical molding rely on heat transmission. Isothermal techniques have been employed in highly structured equipment and living cell temperature regulators. The flow and heat properties of CuO nanofluids flowing through a moving cylindrical isothermal conduit were examined, in the presence of nanoparticles and viscous dissipation. Two-dimensional flows of an incompressible Newtonian fluid via a cylindrical conduit with uniform surface velocity and temperature were utilized. The flow’s partial differential equations were transformed to a non-dimensional form and numerically solved using a finite difference scheme built in the C++ program. The effect of nanoparticle size (0.0 to 0.6) and viscous dissipation (0, 20, 40) on heat behavior and fluid movement are examined and profiles are used to present the numerical findings. The findings revealed that decreasing the variable nanoparticle parameter increased fluid velocity, stream function, and circulation while decreasing fluid temperature. The temperature of the fluid rises in direct proportion, as the viscous dissipation factor improves. This study improves understanding of the viscous flow and heat behavior of boundary layer problems when a nanofluid is used as the heat transfer working fluid in various engineering isothermal processes such as boiling and condensation.

Measurement and prediction of isothermal vapor–liquid equilibrium of a-pinene+camphene/longifolene+abietic acid+palustric acid+neoabietic acid systems

The vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE)data of a-pinene+camphene+[abietic acid+palustric acid+neoabietic acid]and a-pinene+longifolene+[abietic acid+palustric acid+neoabietic acid]systems at 313.15 K,333.15 K and 358.15 K were measured by headspace gas chromatography(HSGC).These data was compared with the predictions value by conductor-like screening model for realistic solvation(COSMO-RS).Moreover,the calculated data of COSMO-RS and Non-Random Two-Liquids(NRTL)models showed good agreement with the experimental data.It was found that the three resin acids inhibited the volatility of a-pinene,camphene and longifolene and resulted in the decrease of total pressure.Moreover,HE(HB)contributes the most to the excess enthalpy and the hydrogen bonding interaction is the dominant intermolecular force of a-pinene,camphene and longifolene with the three resin acids.In addition,the geometric structures optimization and binding energy were obtained by the DFT to further illustrate the hydrogen bonding interaction and the effects of the addition of the three resin acids on the isothermal VLE.

Establishment of a Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rice Bacterial Leaf Brown Spot Disease

Rice bacterial leaf brown spot disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae(Pss)is a major disease on rice.In recent years,Pss has emerged worldwide,seriously affecting rice production.It is very important to establish a rapid detection method of Pss for the diagnosis and prevention of this disease.In order to robust and accurately diagnose the rice bacterial leaf brown spot disease in the field and laboratory,an assay system for the Pss was developed in this study,and the specific sequence of hrcN was used as the target,based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP).The best detection system was MgSO 48 mmol·L^(-1),Bst DNA polymerase 8 U,dNTP 1.4 mmol·L^(-1),the ratio of internal and outer primers was 2:1,the reaction temperature was 63℃,the reaction time was 45 min,and the lowest sensitivity was 104 CFU·mL^(-1).This results provided an accurate and robust method for laboratory and field diagnosis of bacterial leaf brown spot disease of rice.

等温滴定量热法研究镉离子与GMP的亲合机理

利用等温滴定量热法研究镉离子与鸟嘌呤核糖核苷酸(GMP)的亲合过程,重点分析不同比例的镉离子和GMP结合时的异同,实验结果显示:(1)镉离子和GMP的浓度比不同会对二者的结合过程产生显著影响,在低浓度比下,反应为焓驱动的放热反应;在高浓度比下,反应为吸热反应。从镉离子和GMP浓度比为20∶1时的ITC滴定曲线和OneSite模型拟合结果可知,镉离子和GMP是接近并按照1∶1的比例结合的,二者的亲合力K值为1.21E 4±2.26E 3。(2)推测GMP与镉离子有两个结合位点,一个为放热结合位点,一个为吸热结合位点,在低浓度比下,只有放热结合位点发生结合。当浓度比到达一定值后,会激活吸热结合位点,同时发生吸热结合和放热结合。因为吸热结合位点的结合能力更强,最终可能呈现为吸热反应。(3)通过反滴法和正滴法的比较,同一浓度下,不同的滴加方式也会对结合结果造成较大的影响。该研究所采用的方法可以很好地从宏观的热力学角度分析金属镉离子与GMP的亲合机理,以期为后续镉离子印迹物制备过程中功能单体的筛选提供重要的试验基础和理论指导。

球黏土对单及多组分重金属离子的吸附效果

重金属污染水的防范和治理一直是国际上的难点和热点研究课题。吸附法具有经济可行和环境友好等优点,被认为是去除水中重金属离子的最佳技术。球黏土具有潜在的高吸附性能,为进一步探索利用球黏土治理重金属污染水的可行性,该研究通过单组分与多组分重金属离子的批式吸附试验,重点考察球黏土对Pb^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Zn^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Cr^(6+)的吸附效果和竞争吸附关系。单组分离子吸附试验表明,球黏土对重金属离子的吸附量遵循先快速增加后缓慢增长,随pH值的增大而增大,随初始浓度增加而增加,直至吸附饱和的规律。最佳吸附平衡时间为90 min;最佳溶液pH值为5。pH值对球黏土吸附5种重金属离子的影响程度由大到小依次为Zn^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Cr6+、Cu^(2+)、Pb^(2+),当pH值从2增到5时,Zn^(2+)吸附量提高了184%。球黏土对5种离子Pb^(2+)、Cr^(6+)、Zn^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Cu^(2+)的饱和吸附量分别为311.847、301.437、263.213、195.435和179.635 mg/g。通过动力学模型和等温线模型拟合,吸附数据更加符合准二阶动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型,说明吸附过程为单层吸附,吸附方式为化学吸附,最大吸附量依次为Pb^(2+)(497.593 mg/g)>Cr6+(442.868 mg/g)>Zn^(2+)(339.376 mg/g)>Cd^(2+)(290.039 mg/g)>Cu^(2+)(194.941 mg/g)。多组分离子吸附试验表明,球黏土对4种离子的吸附量同样呈先快速后缓慢增长,直至平稳的趋势。各离子在球黏土的活性位点上表现出的竞争能力由强到弱依次为Cr^(6+)、Zn^(2+)、Cd^(2+)、Cu^(2+)。通过等温线模型拟合,发现多组分重金属离子吸附数据更加符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附方式和吸附过程与单组分一致,各组分的最大吸附量与单组分相比有所下降,但吸附总量却大大增加,说明球黏土对多组分重金属离子具有良好的吸附能力。与其他原生矿物材料相比,球黏土对重金属离子具有更大的吸附量,该研究成果可为球黏土作为吸附剂的利用和推广提供理论依据和数据支持,具有较大的现实意义。

等温扩增技术在水产品寄生虫检测中的应用研究进展

水产品中寄生虫可引起食源性疾病,已成为影响食品安全的重要因素之一。近年来,基于传统分子生物学发展而来的等温扩增技术以其恒温、高效、耗时短、不过度依赖设备和仪器等优点,逐渐应用于分子诊断和疾病检测。该文在介绍等温扩增技术原理与特点的基础上,综述了其在水产品中寄生虫检测方面的应用研究进展,提出存在问题与解决办法,并展望了等温扩增技术的应用前景,以期为快检技术在水产品质量安全控制技术中的研究开发提供理论参考。

肉制品中马源性成分重组酶介导链置换等温扩增实时检测方法的建立及应用

目的:建立一种快速鉴定肉及肉制品中马源性成分的重组酶介导链置换等温扩增实时检测方法。方法:以马源性ATpase 6基因为靶基因设计多组特异性引物和Exo探针,通过引物筛选及反应参数优化,建立一种采用重组酶介导链置换等温扩增技术检测马源性成分的方法,并对该方法进行特异性、灵敏度和稳定性验证,同时通过对不同掺入比例混合样品、不同加工工艺模拟样品和市售样品进行检测,分析方法的检出限、适用性和准确性。结果:该方法反应迅速、特异性强、灵敏度高。可在39℃恒温条件下16min内完成反应;对23种非目标源性具有良好特异性;目标DNA的检测灵敏度可达到1.8copies/μL水平;对生肉的检出限为0.01%(质量分数,下同),对熟肉制品的检出限为0.1%;对90份市售样品进行检测,结果与标准方法一致。结论:建立的重组酶介导链置换等温扩增方法可用于肉及肉制品中马源性成分的掺假鉴别检测。

镁改性植物源生物炭的制备及其对磷酸盐的吸附特性

为处理含磷废水和实现农业废弃物的资源化利用,将小麦秸秆制成生物炭,通过MgCl_(2)溶液对其进行浸渍改性,探究改性生物炭对水中磷酸盐的吸附特性。结果表明:热解温度为600℃,0.1 mol/L MgCl_(2)溶液改性得到的小麦秸秆生物炭(WS-0.1Mg-600)在pH=7、初始磷酸盐浓度为10 mg/L时,对磷酸盐吸附效果最好;WS-Mg-600投加量为1.25 g/L时,对磷酸盐吸附量为(4.02±0.46)mg/g;WS-Mg-600吸附磷酸盐最佳pH为10。吸附过程符合拟二级动力学方程以及Langmuir模型,表明该吸附过程是以化学吸附为主,并为单层吸附。

电化学方法下的聚β-环糊精吸附苯胺特征

聚β-环糊精(聚β-CD)是通过电化学合成法制备的一形状类似β-环糊精(β-CD)锥筒型的β-环糊精聚合物。苯胺是一种危害较大的环境污染物之一,聚β-CD包合吸附苯胺(An)的机制研究对今后聚β-CD去除苯胺具有重要的意义。在298.15~323.15 K的温度范围内,以电聚合法合成的聚β-CD/聚苯胺(PANI)复合材料的荷电量为吸附量,通过6种吸附等温模型(Langmuir、Freundlich、Langmuir-Freundlich、Temkin、Henry和BET)和4种动力学方程(准一级动力学、准二级动力学、颗粒内扩散及Elovich方程)的拟合,考察了聚β-CD包合吸附苯胺过程中的等温模型及其吸附动力学特征。结果显示,在此温度范围内,Langmuir-Freundlich、Temkin等温吸附模型适合描述聚环糊精对苯胺的包合吸附,说明聚β-CD包合苯胺是单分子层与多分子层吸附共存,且其吸附热与温度呈线性关系,吸附热随表面覆盖率增加而下降;准一级动力学模型更适合模拟聚β-CD包合吸附苯胺的反应过程,表明聚β-CD包合吸附苯胺以物理吸附为主,因此聚β-CD可以应用于苯胺的去除。

计算机模拟在物理化学BET多分子层吸附理论教学中的应用

BET多分子层吸附理论抽象但应用广泛,BET公式的推导过程涉及较多数学知识,学生很难透彻理解BET公式的物理意义。面对比表面分析仪输出的吸附脱附等温线和比表面积,学生只能生搬硬套,难以达到预期的教学效果。本文利用计算机模拟气体分子在固体表面的吸附脱附过程,通过调整吸附脱附常数,可分别得到第I、II、III类吸附等温线;结合实时可视化使学生能直观看到气体分子在固体表面的吸附脱附动力学,从而能更好地理解BET理论。计算机模拟辅助教学还能活跃课堂气氛,实现教与学互动,激发学生的求知欲和科研兴趣,提高教学质量。