Parameter Design of Current Double Closed Loop for T-Type Three-Level Grid-Connected Inverter

To reduce current harmonics caused by switching frequency,T-type grid-connected inverter topology with LCL filter is adopted.In view of the disadvantages of the slow response speed of the traditional current control and the failure to eliminate the influence of the LCL filter on the grid-connected current by using current PI control alone,a current double closed loop PI current tracking control is proposed.Through the theoretical analysis of the grid-connected inverter control principle,the grid-connected inverter control model is designed,and the transfer functionmodel of each control link is deduced,and the current loop PI regulator is designed at last.The simulation results show that the control strategy is feasible.

Observational evidence for atmospheric modulation of the Loop Current migrations

Recent modeling studies on the shedding of Loop Current rings suggest that the intensification of the dominant zonal wind field delays the detachment of rings and affects the Loop Current migrations. The atmospheric modulation of the Loop Current migrations is analyzed here using reanalysis winds and altimetry-derived observa- tions. A newly developed methodology is applied to locate the Loop Current front, and a wavelet-based semblance analysis is used to explore correlations with atmospheric forcing. The results show that weakening （intensification） of the zonal wind stress in the eastern Gulf of Mexico is related with the Loop Current excursions to the north （south）. Semblance analyses confirm negative correlations between the zonal wind stress and the Loop Current migrations during the past 20 years. The intrusions of the Loop Current might involve an increase of the Yucatan Transport, which would balance the westward Rossby wave speed of a growing loop and delay the ring shedding. The results of this study have consequences for the interpretation of the chaotic processes of ring detachment and Loop Current intrusions, which might be modulated by wind stress.

Three-dimensional surface current loops in broadband responsive negative refractive metamaterial with isotropy

We propose a bulk negative refractive index （NRI） metamaterial composed of periodic array of tightly coupled metallic cross-pairs printed oR the six sides of a cube for applications of superlenses. The structural characteristics of the three-dimensional （3D） metamaterial consist in the high symmetry and the superposition of metallic cross-pairs, which can increase the magnetic inductive coupling between adjacent cross-pairs and realize a broadband and isotropic NRI. The proposed 3D structure is simulated using the CS~ Microwave Studio 2006 to verify the design validity. The simulation results show that the proposed structure can not only realize simultaneously an electric and magnetic response to an incident electromagnetic （EM） wave, but also exhibit a broadband NRI whose relative bandwidth can reach up to 56.7%. In addition, the NRI band is insensitive to tile polarization and the incident angle of the incident EM wave. Therefore, the proposed metamaterial is a good candidate material as three-dimensional broadband isotropic NRI metamaterial.

Symbolic Computation and Graphic Presentation of Magneto-Static Field and Its Associated Vector Potential for a Steady Looping Current

With the advent of Computer Algebra System (CAS) such as Mathematica [1], challenging symbolic longhand calcula-tions can effectively be performed free of error and at ease. Mathematica’s integrated features allow the investigator to combine the needed symbolic, numeric and graphic modules all in one interactive environment. This assists the author to focus on interpreting the output rather than exerting the efforts of relating the scattered separate modules. In this note the author, utilizing these three features, explores the magneto-static field and its associated vector potential of a steady looping current. In particular by deploying the numeric features of Mathematica the exact value of the vector potential of the looping current conducive to its 3D graph is presented.

Voltage Generation by Rotating an Arbitrary-Shaped Metal Loop around Arbitrary Axis in the Presence of an Axial Current Distribution

A thin metallic wire loop of arbitrary curvature is rotated with respect to an arbitrary axis of its plane. The device is excited by an electric dipole of infinite length and constant current. The resistance of the loop is computed rigorously as function of the position of the source. In this way, the induced voltage along the wire, under any kind of axial excitation, is given in the form of a superposition integral. The measured response is represented for various shapes of the coil, with respect to the time, the rotation angle and the position of the source. These diagrams lead to several technically applicable conclusions which are presented, discussed and justified.

一种进行环路隔离的大电流高电源抑制比LDO设计

针对传统带有电荷泵、以NMOS作为功率管的LDO驱动能力低下和输出纹波偏高的问题,基于Huahong 0.35μmBCD工艺,设计了一种隔离交直流环路的大电流LDO。该LDO通过将直流环路和交流环路进行隔离,降低了对电荷泵驱动能力的需求,从而保证NMOS功率管栅极驱动电压的较低纹波并实现大电流输出。通过加入纹波电流吸收电路,增强了LDO的PSRR。结果表明,在3.41~5.5V的输入电压范围内,LDO的输出电压为3.3V,输出电流最高达到3 A,压差为110 mV。LDO在轻负载下的PSRR为:111.261dB@DC,86.9005dB@1kHz,78.9472dB@1MHz;重负载下的PSRR为:111.280dB@DC,84.1231dB@1kHz,39.2638dB@1MHz。

抑制采样白噪声干扰的PWM整流器无差拍控制

无差拍控制(DBC)是一种应用于整流器电流内环的预测控制,但该算法对系统参数敏感,当采样受到持续噪声干扰时波形畸变严重。为此,此处提出了一种基于DBC的白噪声抑制算法,实验结果表明,该算法在较大电感参数偏差下能保持稳定,在白噪声干扰下能够显著降低电流畸变率。

某型地面发控点火电流异常分析和电路改进

针对某型地面发控系统在使用过程中出现的点火电流异常问题,采用数学方法研究点火电流与元器件参数的变化规律,发现地面发控点火电流在某些环境下不稳定的根本原因。最后提出一种闭环控制方案,增加电流反馈环节,解决点火电流异常问题。实际应用验证表明,改进后的点火电路能适应更大的点火负载,有效提高了点火的可靠性。

双闭环控制的三相电压型PWM整流器的研究

针对传统的不控整流电路中网侧电流谐波很大、晶闸管相控整流电路中深控时网侧功率因数低和闭环控制时动态响应慢等问题,设计出一种引入脉冲宽度调制技术的三相电压型整流器。在完成三相电压型整流器的电压外环电流内环的双闭环控制系统设计的基础上,对其进行了仿真实验。仿真结果表明,与不控或相控整流电路相比,该三相电压型PWM整流电路中,不仅输入电流的谐波大大减小,电能可双向流动,能够实现整流和逆变状态下的单位功率因数运行,还可较好地抑制负载突变时直流侧电压的波动,从而显著提高系统的抗扰能力,真正实现绿色环保和高效节能的高度结合。

考虑MAF延时和前馈补偿的高压直流快速锁相环

同步参考坐标系锁相环是高压直流(high voltage direct current,HVDC)同步触发控制系统中广泛应用的一种窄带宽锁相环,在交流系统故障引起相位跳变情况下,其动态响应缓慢。为增大锁相环的带宽,一种滑动平均滤波器(moving average filter,MAF)被前置于锁相环路,然而MAF本身存在响应延迟,制约了锁相环的同步速度。为了缓解响应延迟问题,文中提出一种考虑MAF延时和前馈补偿的HVDC快速锁相环。首先,利用MAF线性暂态特征预测相位变化,并分别针对故障接入和切除引起的相位跳变问题提出不同的补偿策略;接着,利用不变性原理对锁相环路进行前馈补偿,在负反馈控制和前馈补偿共同构成的复合校正控制系统的作用下,锁相环能够在较小PI参数下实现快速响应;最后,将所提快速锁相环在CIGRE HVDC标准模型和三峡—上海直流工程模型中进行仿真验证。结果表明,该快速锁相环能够有效缓解滤波器响应延迟的制约,缩短失锁时间,进而提高高压直流逆变侧抵御换相失败的能力。

高响应交流永磁伺服系统快速电流环带宽扩展方法

交流永磁伺服控制系统中现有电流采样和脉冲宽度调制(Pulse width modulation,PWM)占空比更新的方法延迟时间较长,在一定程度上会影响电机的电流环带宽和动态特性;针对该问题,建立了电流环闭环系统数学模型,分析了电流环的内部延迟和影响电流环带宽的因素,在此基础上提出了一种通过改进电流采样与PWM更新时间的电流环带宽扩展方法。该方法通过提前PWM占空比更新时机来降低电流采样和PWM占空比更新之间的延迟,减小信号传输滞后,从而扩展电流环系统的闭环带宽,提高系统响应速度。仿真与实验结果表明,相比现有电流采样方法,采用新方法的交流永磁伺服控制系统的电流环具有更宽的带宽和更高的动态响应能力,从而提高了交流伺服系统的动态响应能力和稳态精度。该方法可为交流伺服系统在机器人、高端智能装备等对响应速度和定位精度要求较高领域的应用提供参考。

永磁无刷轮毂电机轮对系统同步工况下的协调控制策略

针对双轮毂电机在负载不平衡工况下转速同步精度不够及同步响应速度不快的问题,该文提出速度环补偿PID交叉耦合同步控制和电流环补偿PID交叉耦合同步控制策略。首先,建立双轮毂电机的数学模型,采用双闭环六步方波控制。基于该模型,采用速度环补偿PID交叉耦合同步控制代替单增益交叉耦合控制器,使转速同步调节精度提升。在两侧电机负载不平衡工况下,用电流环补偿PID交叉耦合控制方法进一步提升转速同步精度,同时加快同步响应速度,并兼顾了转矩精度。仿真和实验验证了所提控制策略的正确性和有效性。

基于频域分析的PMSM双闭环PI控制器整定方法

以永磁同步电机(PMSM)双闭环调速系统为对象,在对其数学模型进行合理简化的基础上,综合考虑了逆变器开关周期、电流和速度滤波等环节的影响,给出了一种在频域进行PI控制器参数设计的整定方法。通过建立双环的数学模型,得到关于开环频域特征量的解析式,根据电流环在中低频段的特性以及转速环中阻尼系数难以精确测定的问题,分析推导了电流环和转速环PI参数简化设计的方法。利用工程经验将闭环时域指标转化开环频域特征量,并结合各类约束条件合理界定其取值范围,由此得到的PI控制器可以兼顾快速性和稳态跟踪能力。仿真和实物实验验证了整定方法的可行性,该方法确立了双环控制器参数与其对应的开环截止频率和相位裕度的解析式,并明确了开环频域特征量与闭环时域指标的关系,具有较强的工程参考和应用价值。

Current Loop Disturbance Suppression for Dual Three Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators Based on Modified Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control

A modified four-dimensional linear active disturbance rejection control(LADRC)strategy is proposed for a dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator(DTP-PMSG)system to reduce cross-coupling between the d and q axis currents in the d-q subspace and harmonic currents in the x-y subspace.In the d-q subspace,the proposed strategy uses a model-based LADRC to enhance the decoupling effect between the d and q axes and the disturbance rejection ability against parameter variation.In the x-y subspace,the 5th and 7th harmonic current suppression abilities are improved by using quasi-resonant units parallel to the extended state observer of the traditional LADRC.The proposed modified LADRC strategy improved both the steady-state performance and dynamic response of the DTP-PMSG system.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy is both feasible and effective.

变母线电压的LLC高压电容充电电源设计

提出了一种两级式可变母线电压的高压电容充电电源技术方案,该拓扑在半桥LLC谐振电路的基础上增加了一级图腾柱无桥功率因数校正(PFC)电路,通过改变母线电压来解决传统LLC谐振电源在输出更高电压时,工作频率变化范围过大带来的充电效率下滑的问题。由于图腾柱电路本身具备功率因数校正的功能,该电源设计还拥有能够直接从电网取电而不影响电网电能质量的优势。首先介绍了本电源设计中两部分的电路拓扑和工作原理,采用等效电阻法分析了电容负载下的电源输出特性。针对前级图腾柱电路设计了双环控制器以实现对母线电压和功率因数的控制,针对后级LLC电路提出了比例积分(PI)加低通滤波的恒流控制器以降低高频噪声带来的不利影响。最后通过模型构建与仿真分析,研究了高压电容充电电源3000 V/1 A时的充电特性,验证了本电源技术方案、设计和控制策略的可行性。

B738飞行模拟机操纵负荷系统典型故障自动化分析与排除

该文针对某型B738飞行模拟机操纵负荷系统中的刹车故障进行分析,提出以电流传感器为基础的物联网监控系统对典型故障进行监控及分析。首先对典型刹车减速故障进行分析,对制动控制器的监控电流进行实时监控,并上传云服务器,用Web页面显示运行状态;同时对B738飞行模拟机当中的典型故障进行分类,并选取典型故障做出分析;最后对物联网监控方式以及传统故障分析方式进行对比。经测试,该文方式更具高效性和适用性。

基于谐波电流抑制的单相PWM整流器设计与研究

针对传统电压型单相脉宽调制(PWM)整流器电流环控制问题,首先根据交流电压建立同步旋转坐标系,将交流电量变换至旋转坐标系中的直流电量,然后针对旋转坐标系中的直流电量进行电流闭环控制,然后研究交流电流3次谐波出现原因,给出消除特定电流谐波的办法。最后,搭建以STM32F407为核心的实验平台进行验证。实验结果表明,所提控制方案有稳态误差小、无功电流可调、能有效抑制3次谐波电流的优点。

基于Hexverter的AC/AC系统交流不对称故障控制策略研究

六边形模块化多电平换流器(hexagonal modular multilevel converter,Hexverter)作为一种新型的AC/AC功率变换器,在未来海上风电场并网及低频输电技术中有着广阔的应用前景。为了解决Hexverter在电力系统不对称故障工况的稳定运行,文章首先对Hexverter的拓扑结构和工作原理简要介绍,并对其支路电流、支路功率进行分析。然后,研究其AC/AC系统交流侧不对称故障工况下的控制策略,基于理论推导部分得出的Hexverter六个支路间功率分布的规律(即不相邻的三个支路功率分别相等的特征),设计了子模块电容电压均衡控制方法,共包含两部分控制,分别为六个支路间子模块电容电压均衡控制和每个支路内部n个子模块电容电压之间的均衡控制。考虑到支路电流含有两侧交流系统不同频率成分,基于比例谐振控制器,提出了一种对支路电流直接进行控制的方法。最后,通过算例中稳态工况与故障工况研究分别对其工作原理和文中所提出的控制策略有效性进行验证。结果表明,在二次侧交流系统发生BC相短路故障期间,整个系统保持稳定运行,各个子模块电压始终保持均衡,仿真结果验证了文中所提控制策略的有效性。

基于红外测温技术的电能表电流采样回路失流故障分析

研究基于红外测温技术的电能表电流采样回路失流故障分析方法,保证电能表安全运行。构建电压火线断线故障与电流采样回路故障模型,分析电能表电流采样回路失流故障原因,以此为基础,利用红外热成像原理采集电能表电流采样回路、大气以及周围物体的辐射能量,生成展现电能表电流采样回路温度的二维红外图像,为后续电能表电流采样回路失流故障定位提供图像信息;采用灰度差异加成法处理多层级红外二维图像,结合插值算法组建三维图像,依据三维图像中电能表电流采样回路与周围状态的轻微差异定位失流故障位置。实验表明,该方法能够实时监测电能表电流采样回路的温度,直观发现问题,可靠且准确地定位电能表电流采样回路失流故障位置。