Analysis of Factors Influencing Forest Farmers' Enthusiasm for Forest Culture and Management after the Completion of Reform of Collective Forest Right System

Taking Jiangshan City in Zhejiang Province for example,this article uses the binary logit choice model based on the field survey data,to study the factors influencing forest farmers'enthusiasm for forest culture and management after the completion of reform of collective forest right.Finally the following recommendations are put forth:further improving and implementing the forest ecological benefit compensation fund system;reforming the felling management mode and gradually establishing the sustainable forest management system based on forest management plan;improving the technology,market and information services to strengthen the forestry science and technology support;developing the specialty industries such as the bamboo industry and oil-tea camellia industry;developing the under-forest economy and cultivating the underforest industries with characteristics based on the local circumstances.

Analysis of Farmers' Needs for Forestry Information and Technology in Yunnan's Hot Zone: Based on Empirical Survey in Menglian County

Lack of public forestry information and techniques has restricted the development of forestry management and the income increase of rural farmers in hot region of Yunnan province. Therefore it is necessary to provide forestry information and techniques to rural areas so as to compensate for the information gap between urban and rural areas. Based on the survey about farmer demand for information and technique in Menglian County,the paper analyzed the supply methods and demand characteristics of forestry information and techniques. The results showed that the farmers had very strong demands for forestry information and techniques with diversified trend. But the farmers got the information with backward method and single service supply approach,and it lacked effective expression mechanism for their demands.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Farmers' Participation in Forest Farmers Cooperatives Based on Empirical Research of Zhejiang Province

Based on field research data of farmers in Zhejiang Province, the authors analyzed factors influencing farmers' participation in forest farmers cooperatives (hereafter referred to as FFCs) by the binary logistic regression model. Results show that understanding of farmers about cooperatives has a great influence on their behavior of participation in FFCs. Besides, educational level of householders and existing member scale of cooperatives also have significant influence on farmers' behavior of participation in cooperatives. Therefore, it is required to strengthen propaganda of cooperatives, deepen their understanding of cooperatives; cultivate new high quality farmers to provide talents for development of cooperatives; establish incentive mechanism to encourage farmers to participate in cooperatives.

Impact of eco-efficiency compensation for public welfare forests on the incomes of farmers

The strategy of rural revitalization puts ecology and economic development at the same level,in order to explore whether the eco-efficiency compensation policy for public welfare forests can achieve a“win-win”for both ecology and people livelihood.This study probed into the consideration of income structure and used OLS analysis to conduct an empirical analysis on a sample of 443 households in Shaanxi Province.It was found that the eco-efficiency compensation for public welfare forests had not only a significantly positive effect on the forestry income and the total income of farm households,but also had a constructive influence on the non-forestry income,though smaller and less significant,which was closely attributed to the original income structures of these farm households.In addition,personal and household characteristics such as age,educational level and labor force size played decisive roles to nonforestry income and total income of farm households as well.

Study on Farmers' Cognition and Willingness to Plant Trees during Collective Forest Right Reform Based on Data from Plain Areas of Henan Province

On the basis of the survey data from plain areas of Henan Province,farmers' cognition and willingness to plant trees in collective forest right reform are studied. According to statistical analysis and regression equation of binary logistic regress analysis,it is generally believed that different participants have various attitudes to the reform,with regard to if planting trees or more,reform variables have a distinct effect,as well as income variable and loaning or lending variable. At last,some advices are put forward,that is,the government should strengthen collective forest right reform,accelerate matching reform and increase policy and financial support to forestry farmers.

An agent-based model of agricultural land expansion in the mountain forest of Timor Island,Indonesia

The Mutis-Timau Forest Complex,located on Timor Island,Indonesia,is a mountainous tropical forest area that gradually decreases due to deforestation and forest degradation.Previous modelling studies based on patterns indicate that deforestation primarily occurs at lower elevations and near the boundaries of forests and settlements,often associated with shifting cultivation by local farmers.This study adopts a process-based modelling approach,specifically the agent-based model,to simulate land changes,particularly farmers'expansion of agricultural land around the Mutis mountain forest.The underlying concept of this agent-based approach is the interaction between the human and environmental systems.Farmers,representing the human system,interact with the land,which represents the environmental system,through land use decision-making mechanisms.The research was conducted in the Community Forest of the Timor Tengah Utara District,one of the sites within the Mutis-Timau Forest Complex with the highest deforestation rate.Land use change simulations were performed using agent-based modelling from 1999 to 2030,considering the socio-economic conditions of farmers,spatial preferences,land use decisions,and natural transitions.The results revealed that the agricultural area increased by 14%under the Business as Usual scenario and 5%under the Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation scenario,compared to the initial agricultural area of 245 hectares.The probability of farmers deciding to extend agricultural activities was positively associated with the number of livestock maintained by farmers and the size of the village area.Conversely,the likelihood of farmers opting for agricultural extensification decreased with an increase in the area of private land and the farmer's age.These findings are crucial for the managers of the Mutis-Timau Forest Complex and other relevant stakeholders,as they aid in arranging actions to combat deforestation,designing proper forest-related policies,and providing support for initiatives such as reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation programs or further incentive schemes.

Factor Analysis on Subsidy Preference of Private Forest Owners

Forest farmers are the basic micro-subjects in southern collectively owned forest, and their willingness towards forest management directly influences forestry development. Thus, to provide subsidies to forest farmers is an important means to encourage the farmers' enthusiasm to manage the forest and promote the healthy and sustainable development of private forest. In order to reduce the supply-demand contradictions and improve the implementation effects of the subsidies system, the design of the system should be based on the real needs of forest farmers. On this basis, a questionnaire survey was designed in this paper to study the preferences of forest farmers to different types of subsidies in the southern collectively owned forest and the influencing factors were analysed by the Logistic Model to search for the reasonable design of the system. It was concluded that the forest farmers with different backgrounds show different preference to the subsidies, which, to a certain extent, reflects the development bottlenecks of forestry, and lays a foundation for the design of subsidies system.

Forested Farmlands:Forest Management by Agroforestry Symbiosis in A Land Management Framework in South and South East Asia

Forests provide multiple benefits as a safety net to the poor and also help to increase the overall ecological balance.Of particular importance in this respect this research has been conducted in six typical villages in South and Southeast Asia,located in Northern Bangladesh,Southern Myanmar and Northwest Thailand.Data collection methods were used by means of observation,FGD,interviews,and a structured survey of farm households.Data were analyzed through qualitative methods

深化集体林权制度改革阶段内蒙古林农林业生产经营的动力机制

集体林权制度改革关系国家生态安全和亿万农民福祉。在当前深化集体林权制度改革阶段,通过分析林农林业生产经营的动力因素,得出林农生产经营的动力机制,提出提升林农生产经营动力的对策建议,以期进一步激发林农生产经营的活力,从而促进森林资源持续增长和林农收入持续增加。

乡村振兴战略下涉农高职院校“三农”人才队伍建设探索——以咸阳职业技术学院为例

乡村振兴是中国全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重要保障,具有深远的意义和重大价值。为全面服务乡村振兴工作,充分发挥涉农高职院校在我国乡村振兴工作中的服务功能,笔者基于咸阳职业技术学院近年来林草产业项目在推动“三农”人才队伍建设方面发挥的示范和带动作用,阐述该校为科学高效服务地方“三农”发展,在乡村振兴战略背景下基于“三农”人才队伍建设所做的尝试和探索,以期为“三农”人才队伍建设提供一定的理论参考和实践借鉴。

林农参与生态公益林保护建设意愿的影响因素分析——基于广西的调查数据

生态公益林的保护建设离不开林农的积极参与,本文基于计划行为理论,以广西林农为特定研究对象,采用随机抽样的方法进行,在各县(市、区)随机选取辖区两个乡(镇、街道)作为调查点,运用二元Logistic模型实证分析林农参与生态公益林保护建设意愿的影响因素。结果显示:林农的年龄、生计来源状况、经济社会地位、家庭收入状况、对生态公益林的功能作用和生态补偿状况的认知评价等因素对其参与生态公益林管护有显著影响。基于研究结论,进而提出加大生态公益林保护建设的宣传力度、持续提高林农森林素养、争取提升生态公益林补偿补助标准、提高财政补偿资金的兑付率、拓宽林农增收渠道、增加林农收入来源等建议。

Effect Evaluation of Collective Forestry Tenure Reform and Forest Farmers' Willingness to Participate in the Reform: A Case Study of Shaowu, Fujian Province

Since 2003, China has carried out the pilot of collective forest tenure reform (CFTR). Inrecent years, there have been lots of researches about evaluation of the CFTR, which are, however,mostly qualitative research with little focus on the quantitative research. This paper used the AnalyticHierarchy Process (AHP) and expert assignment method to define the comprehensive evaluation indexes and monitoring indexes of the CFTR. In this study, the authors did a quantitative evaluation of the CFTR in Shaowu, Fujian Province, which was scored as 0.844, indicating more significant effect. The authors investigated 100 farmer households there, and the data showed that the average household income has grown by 49.2% in the 6 years after the CFTR implementation, while the forestry incomehas grown by 108.3%, indicating that farmers’ income increased significantly after the CFTR. Factor analysis shows that CFTR has been the key factor to increase farmers’ income.

An Empirical Estimation of Effects of Priority Forestry Programs on Farmers’ Incomes in China

China has launched six Priority Forestry Programs (PFPs) since 1998, i.e. the Natural Forest Protection Program, the Cropland Conversion to Forest and Grassland Program, Sandification Control Program for the Vicinity of Beijing & Tianjin , Wildlife Conservation and Nature Reserve Development Program, Forest Industrial Base Development Program and Shelterbelt Development Programs for regions such as Three North and the Yangtze River Catchments. The Government of China has made different policies for these PFPs, such as subsidies, low-interest loans and revenue offsets. Using a fixed-effect model and panel data from 2 353 households in 9 counties of Sichuan, Hebei, Shaanxi, and Jiangxi provinces, this paper studies effects of PFPs on farmers’ incomes. The empirical results indicate that the effects of PFPs on farmers’ incomes are mixed. Overall, the impact of Conversion of Cropland to Forestland and Grassland Program is significantly positive, whereas that of the Natural Forest Protection Program and the Sandification Control Program around Beijing & Tianjin is negative. To a lesser extent, the Shelterbelt Development Programs have a positive impact. In the meantime, different effects of PFPs on farmers’ incomes are also mixed for different provinces and different households are also mixed.

参与竹林国家储备林项目对林农收入的影响研究

关于国家储备林项目的研究一直是乡村振兴研究的热点,但多关注项目本身如何更好实施,少有研究关注其对林农收入的影响,且基本是定性研究,少有定量研究。基于此,利用倾向得分匹配法(PSM),以平村实施的竹林国家储备林项目为例,实证研究了参与竹林国家储备林的林农与未参与的林农收入的差异。

Analysis on Impact Factors for Forest Management Income of Forest Farmers in China

Based on the investigation in Anji County of Zhejiang Province and Ba'nan District of Chongqing, this paper analyzed the characteristics of forest management behaviors of forest farmers in China and the impact factors for forest management income, and then came up with some policy recommendations to increase the forest management income of forest farmers. It argued that the factors to impact on forest management income of forest farmers in China include the choice of forest products type, the elements in forest production and management, the development of forest products processing sector at regional level, and the government's forest management system. It is suggested that government promote the production of non-wood forest products, guide the forestry sector restructuring, reform the logging management system and forestry public finance and taxation system, regulate forest land transfer and foster forest products processing enterprises to increase the farmers' income forest management.

农民对林业社会化服务的需求及对主要供给主体的认知——以林改后的福建省为例

本研究以林改后的福建省为例,通过对农民的林业社会化服务需求及他们对林业服务主要供给主体的认知调查,探讨切实可行的林业社会化服务体系建设问题。本研究的成果体现在3个方面:⑴调查了林农对林业社会化服务的需求;⑵调查了林农对政府、社会及市场3个主要供给者的认知;⑶针对林农需求及认知,提出政府、社会及市场3方在林业社会化服务体系建设中的相互协调与侧重。

集体林权制度改革中的农户森林经营行为与影响因素——以福建省邵武市和尤溪县为例

森林经营问题在新一轮集体林权制度改革中得到重视。以福建省邵武市和尤溪县作为研究区域,通过156个农户样本数据,分析农户造林、砍杂、施肥和管护4方面的森林经营行为现状;基于利润最大化理论,选择Probit模型,分析家庭、林地、非林生产、林业生产、制度因素5方面17个变量对农户森林经营行为的影响。研究表明:农户造林、砍杂、施肥和管护4类森林经营活动的参与性分别为64.1%、36.5%、33.3%和46.2%;造林行为受户主受教育水平、户主是否主要从事农林业超过10年、用材林比重、林改前是否进行过造林、家庭耕地面积、非农收入占家庭总收入比重的影响显著;砍杂行为受户主年龄、家庭劳动力数量、林地是否距家庭远、林改前是否进行过造林、农户是否对经营制度改革满意的影响显著;施肥行为受户主是否主要从事农林业超过10年、家庭劳动力数量、林地是否距家庭远、非农收入占家庭收入比重、是否对税费制度改革满意、是否对经营制度改革满意的影响显著;管护行为受新一轮集体权制度改革中获得的林地占家庭林地总面积比重、林地是否距家庭远、是否计划修建林道的影响显著。为提高农户森林经营积极性,需要关注农户家庭、林地、非林生产和林业生产方面的特殊性,优化有助于农户提高营林收益和降低营林成本的制度措施。

影响农户参与林业合作经济组织因素分析——以福建省为例

采取分组抽样的方法，对福建省主要林区的永安市、将乐县，延平区、建瓯市、松溪县和德化县6个县（市、区）的30个村180户农户的调查结果：30个村共计有正式的林业股份合作经济组织9个，经营的山林占15．4％；非正式林业合作经济组织208个经营的山林占46％；100％的农户自愿参加“三防”专业协会。影响农户是否参与林业合作经济组织的因素可以归结为：其他产业发展对农户收入替代；就业替代水平；农户家庭基本特征和地方林业部门的政策导向。

基于GIS的集体林森林资源信息管理系统的研制与开发

为研制森林资源信息管理系统 ,该文以浙江省淳安县大墅镇林业站为试点 ,以GIS为技术手段 ,研制开发了基于GIS的集体林森林资源信息管理系统 ,初步实现了适合我国南方集体林区以农户经营为特点的森林资源管理的信息化 .

基于农户参与的退耕还林(草)动态研究——以安塞县大南沟流域为例

采用参与性理论与方法对大南沟流域的退耕还林 (草 )进行调查研究。在分析不同退耕方案对农户经济、水土流失等影响的基础上 ,提出了大南沟流域退耕还林 (草 )的基本动态过程。认为参与性理论与方法能将科研人员的专业知识与农户经验很好地结合 ,在我国目前退耕还林 (草 )等生态环境建设方面 。