At present about 60% of ecosystem has been damaged and degraded severely, resulting in enormous eco logical loss globally. The essential cause is the irrational utilization of ecosystem by humankind, so it is the key ...At present about 60% of ecosystem has been damaged and degraded severely, resulting in enormous eco logical loss globally. The essential cause is the irrational utilization of ecosystem by humankind, so it is the key to changing improper environmental performance of humankind so as to prevent ecosystem from being damaged. The quantitative valuation on the loss of ecological damage is an effective tool to guide human eco environmental per formance. In this paper, the concepts related to the valuation on ecological damage cost are introduced; uncertain ties that might arise in the valuation on the loss of ecological damage such as area coverage of valuation, ecological damage quantity, borders of ecological damage cost and data support are analyzed; and the valuation approaches for the loss of ecological damage are also discussed. As a case study, the economic losses of ecological damage of forest in 2005 in China are valuated.展开更多
Four environmemtal service functions of wheat, barley and rape ecosystem are evaluated in material production, air adjustment (including carbon dioxide fixation and oxygen release in Tibetan Autonomous Region), water ...Four environmemtal service functions of wheat, barley and rape ecosystem are evaluated in material production, air adjustment (including carbon dioxide fixation and oxygen release in Tibetan Autonomous Region), water conservation, and nutrient recycling. Based on it the economic loss of environment due to desertification is valued. The results show that the service functions of farmland ecosystem in Tibet are totally valued at 4 436. 2 × 106 yuan, the value of each service function is ordered as: air adjustment 2 070.2× 106 yuan (46.67%), material production 2 011. 1× 106 yuan (45.33%), nutrient recycling 193. 1×106 yuan (4.35%), and water conservation 161. 8×106 yuan (3.65%). The total area of wheat, barley and rape in Tibet is over 189 700 ha, and the service function of farmland ecosystem is valued at 23 386 yuan/ha per year. The degraded area of arable land in Tibet is about 1 082 ha per year, equivalent to the annual loss of farmland ecosystem service value of 25.3×106 yuan. Over the past 30 years the total loss of the value is 1 347.0×106 yuan.展开更多
文摘At present about 60% of ecosystem has been damaged and degraded severely, resulting in enormous eco logical loss globally. The essential cause is the irrational utilization of ecosystem by humankind, so it is the key to changing improper environmental performance of humankind so as to prevent ecosystem from being damaged. The quantitative valuation on the loss of ecological damage is an effective tool to guide human eco environmental per formance. In this paper, the concepts related to the valuation on ecological damage cost are introduced; uncertain ties that might arise in the valuation on the loss of ecological damage such as area coverage of valuation, ecological damage quantity, borders of ecological damage cost and data support are analyzed; and the valuation approaches for the loss of ecological damage are also discussed. As a case study, the economic losses of ecological damage of forest in 2005 in China are valuated.
基金part of the achievements of the special social welfare program "Research on value accounting system of degraded environment and important technical standards (2003DIA7J047)"
文摘Four environmemtal service functions of wheat, barley and rape ecosystem are evaluated in material production, air adjustment (including carbon dioxide fixation and oxygen release in Tibetan Autonomous Region), water conservation, and nutrient recycling. Based on it the economic loss of environment due to desertification is valued. The results show that the service functions of farmland ecosystem in Tibet are totally valued at 4 436. 2 × 106 yuan, the value of each service function is ordered as: air adjustment 2 070.2× 106 yuan (46.67%), material production 2 011. 1× 106 yuan (45.33%), nutrient recycling 193. 1×106 yuan (4.35%), and water conservation 161. 8×106 yuan (3.65%). The total area of wheat, barley and rape in Tibet is over 189 700 ha, and the service function of farmland ecosystem is valued at 23 386 yuan/ha per year. The degraded area of arable land in Tibet is about 1 082 ha per year, equivalent to the annual loss of farmland ecosystem service value of 25.3×106 yuan. Over the past 30 years the total loss of the value is 1 347.0×106 yuan.
