Establishing a Carbon-Neutrality Oriented Economic System through Green, Low-carbon, and Circular Development

Carbon neutrality requires a profound socio-economic revolution.Since the 21;century,China has been promoting social&economic transformation,and put forward a series of strategic directions for development transformation.As China enters the new era of socialism,building a green,low-carbon and circular economic system has become an important direction for future economic development and transformation.This paper analyzes the relationship between the green,low-carbon and circular economic system and carbon neutrality,and points out that green development,low-carbon development and circular development will greatly reduce carbon emissions of economic development and help realize the carbon goal through co-benefit effect,structural adjustment and resource recycling.Finally,the paper puts forward some suggestions for promoting the transformation of the economic system to green,low-carbon and circular development.

The Core Issue Facing the Green and Low Carbon Development of the Chinese Economy and the Countermeasures

Green development is an important concept based on China's needs and the international situation. Green development will greatly help China choose its path for economic growth. In the newly ratified Paris Agreement, the carbon emission reduction target willingly and determinedly proposed by China is very challenging. It will increase China's cost per unit of carbon dioxide emissions, slow China's economy growth, and set the upper limit for China's carbon emissions in the future. Facing these challenges, China needs to properly conduct carbon allocations under restrictions and promote green and low carbon development of the Chinese economy primarily by reinforcing structural adjustments and optimizing energy structures, upgrading industrial structures, being actively involved in international cooperation on carbon emission reduction and using other positive strategies.

Building a Low-carbon Development Policy System towards Carbon Neutrality

China has proposed that it will strive to achieve the carbon neutrality target by 2060,providing strategic guidance for China to accelerate the transformation of its development mode and economic restructuring.But it is very challenging to achieve the target.It requires systematic top design as well as scientific formulation of long-term planning,while multiple institutional policies and institutional mechanism reforms need to be strengthened,such as rule of law,administration and economy,to form a systematic and effective incentive and constraint mechanism.Through the exploration and improvement of its three five-year plans,China has formed a low-carbon policy guarantee system led by binding targets,highlighting key industries and regions,and comprising planning,laws,administrative orders,pilot projects,markets,finance and taxation,and other aspects.However,there are still many problems,including the lack of clear policy paths in the near,medium and long term,the absence of key systems such as total carbon emission control system and climate legislation,poor inter-departmental communication and coordination mechanisms,and inadequate systems such as carbon markets and climate investment and financing.Finally,taking into account the current opportunities and challenges,we propose a low-carbon development policy guarantee system for China to move towards carbon neutrality.

Research on Low-carbon Transportation-oriented Urban Planning and Design Strategy: A Case Study of The Netherlands

In the era of urban stock development,advocatinglow-carbontravelandreducing transportation carbon emissions will help promote the realization of the “dual carbon” goal. Based on the urban planning and design concept of “small block, dense road network”, the paper analyzes the cases of low-carbon transportation-oriented road network planning and construction in the Netherlands,and summarizes the design concept and implementation method of road network planning of public transportation and slow traffic friendly blocks. The successful experiences of low-carbon transportationoriented city construction in the Netherlands are summarized, in order to provide the reference for lowcarbon urban development in China.

A review of low-carbon technologies and projects for the global cement industry

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions from the cement industry account for 26%of the total industrial emissions,and the need to develop low-carbon techniques within the cement industry is extremely urgent.Low-carbon projects and technologies for the cement industry in different regions and countries have been thoroughly reviewed in this manuscript,and the low-carbon development concept for each county has been analyzed.For developing countries such as China and India,energy saving and efficiency enhancement are currently the key points,while for developed countries and regions such as Europe,more efforts have been focused on carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS).Global CCUS projects have been previously conducted,and the majority of CCUS projects are currently performed in Europe where major projects such as the CEMCAP,CLEANKER,and IEILAC projects represent the latest research progress in cement production technologies and low-carbon technologies for the global cement industry.The development of low-carbon cement technologies has changed from focusing on the end point to instead focusing on the source and process through the exploration of hydrogen and solar energies,and more disruptive and original technologies are expected to be developed,particularly in the cement industry in China.

Environment management,Baosteel's choice,practice and consideration

From the view of the domestic and international energy,environment and operation situation,the paper analyses the confronted problems of iron and steel industry,answers why baosteel has been fulfilling environment operation strategy,and proceed to the introduction of its environment management practice and future outlooks.The environment management is essentially a green value creation,which emerges the environmental protection into the whole business enterprise operates process in order to create its value.The environment management is a kind of management creation,is a kind of active environment management, which promotes the main sense of energy conservation and emission mitigation.

Low-carbon development policies and achievements in the context of the livestock sector in China

Rapid growth and a vast transition of Chinese livestock industry driven by economic incentives make it become an important contributor on climate change over the last four decades.This study first analyzes the evolving lowcarbon livestock development policies and regulations,then an assessment and explanations of the achievements and non-achievements are provided.The findings reveal that China began to pay attention to low-carbon development policy starting in the early 1990s.However,only after the cyclic and green concept became the main sustainable development policy,China began to move seriously toward low-carbon livestock development.Several policy instruments were introduced,including moderate scale,feed optimization,manure resource utilization,facility and equipment allocation rate,energy conservation and substitution.Overall,achievements were made in introducing such policies.However,due to the large share of standard agriculture and regional resources,and environmental diversity,such policies may have little effect in practice.The divergence between the policies and actual practices are explained,and important policies applicable to all developing countries are also recommended.