In-situ gas contents of a multi-section coal seam in Sydney basin for coal and gas outburst management

The gas content is crucial for evaluating coal and gas outburst potential in underground coal mining. This study focuses on investigating the in-situ coal seam gas content and gas sorption capacity in a representative coal seam with multiple sections (A1, A2, and A3) in the Sydney basin, where the CO_(2) composition exceeds 90%. The fast direct desorption method and associated devices were described in detail and employed to measure the in-situ gas components (Q_(1), Q_(2), and Q_(3)) of the coal seam. The results show that in-situ total gas content (Q_(T)) ranges from 9.48 m^(3)/t for the A2 section to 14.80 m^(3)/t for the A3 section, surpassing the Level 2 outburst threshold limit value, thereby necessitating gas drainage measures. Among the gas components, Q_(2) demonstrates the highest contribution to Q_(T), ranging between 55% and 70%. Furthermore, high-pressure isothermal gas sorption experiments were conducted on coal samples from each seam section to explore their gas sorption capacity. The Langmuir model accurately characterizes CO_(2) sorption behavior, with ft coefcients (R^(2)) greater than 0.99. Strong positive correlations are observed between in-situ gas content and Langmuir volume, as well as between residual gas content (Q_(3)) and sorption hysteresis. Notably, the A3 seam section is proved to have a higher outburst propensity due to its higher Q_(1) and Q_(2) gas contents, lower sorption hysteresis, and reduced coal toughness f value. The insights derived from the study can contribute to the development of efective gas management strategies and enhance the safety and efciency of coal mining operations.

A rapid and accurate direct measurement method of underground coal seam gas content based on dynamic diffusion theory

Coal seam gas content is frequently measured in quantity during underground coal mining operation and coalbed methane(CBM)exploration as a significant basic parameter.Due to the calculation error of lost gas and residual gas in the direct method,the efficiency and accuracy of the current methods are not inadequate to the large area multi-point measurement of coal seam gas content.This paper firstly deduces a simplified theoretical dynamic model for calculating lost gas based on gas dynamic diffusion theory.Secondly,the effects of various factors on gas dynamic diffusion from coal particle are experimentally studied.And sampling procedure of representative coal particle is improved.Thirdly,a new estimation method of residual gas content based on excess adsorption and competitive adsorption theory is proposed.The results showed that the maximum error of calculating the losing gas content by using the new simplified model is only 4%.Considering the influence of particle size on gas diffusion law,the particle size of the collected coal sample is below 0.25 mm,which improves the measurement speed and reflects the safety representativeness of the sample.The determination time of gas content reduced from 36 to 3 h/piece.Moreover,the absolute error is 0.15–0.50 m^3/t,and the relative error is within 5%.A new engineering method for determining the coal seam gas content is developed according to the above research.

Technique of coal mining and gas extraction without coal pillar in multi-seam with low permeability

Aimed at the low mining efficiency in deep multi-seams because of high crustalstress,high gas content,low permeability,the compound 'three soft' roof and the trouble-somesafety situation encountered in deep level coal exploitation,proposed a new idea ofgob-side retaining without a coal-pillar and Y-style ventilation in the first-mined key pressure-relieved coal seam and a new method of coal mining and gas extraction.The followingwere discovered:the dynamic evolution law of the crannies in the roof is influenced bymining,the formative rule of 'the vertical cranny-abundant area' along the gob-side,thedistribution of air pressure field in the gob,and the flowing rule of pressure-relieved gas ina Y-style ventilation system.The study also established a theoretic basis for a new miningmethod of coal mining and gas extraction which is used to extract the pressure-relievedgas by roadway retaining boreholes instead of roadway boreholes.Studied and resolvedmany difficult key problems,such as,fast roadway retaining at the gob-side without a coalpillar,Y-style ventilation and extraction of pressure-relieved gas by roadway retainingboreholes,and so on.The study innovated and integrated a whole set of technical systemsfor coal and pressure relief gas extraction.The method of the pressure-relieved gasextraction by roadway retaining had been successfully applied in 6 typical working faces inthe Huainan and Huaibei mining areas.The research can provide a scientific and reliabletechnical support and a demonstration for coal mining and gas extraction in gaseous deepmulti-seams with low permeability.

Influence of Ground Stress on Coal Seam Gas Pressure and Gas Content

The influence of ground stress was quantitatively analyzed on coal seam gas pressure and gas content in this paper.Mining activities in coal mine can result in stress concentration in the coal(rock)body around the mining space,but porosity of the coal seam would not change too much.Therefore,gas pressure and gas content in the coal seam are slightly affected.Studies showed that the free gas was gradually transformed into adsorbed gas,and the gas adsorption volume was small,and then gas pressure increases roughly linearly when the porosity decreased because of stress influence.Additionaly,when porosity of coal seam reduced to 40%,the amount of adsorbed gas accounted for no more than 10%of coal seam gas content,and the increase of gas pressure did not exceed 15%of the original gas pressure.

Research into comprehensive gas extraction technology of single coal seams with low permeability in the Jiaozuo coal mining area

For a low permeability single coal seam prone to gas outbursts, pre-drainage of gas is difficult and inefficient, seriously restricting the safety and efficiency of production. Radical measures of increasing gas extraction efficiency are pressure relief and infrared antireflection. We have analyzed the effect of mining conditions and the regularity of mine pressure distribution in front of the working face of a major coal mine of the Jiaozuo Industrial （Group） Co. as our test area, studied the width of the depressurization zone in slice mining and analyzed gas efficiency and fast drainage in the advanced stress relaxation zone. On that basis, we further investigated and practiced the exploitation technology of shallow drilling, fan dril- ling and grid shape drilling at the working face. Practice and our results show that the stress relaxation zone is the ideal region for quick and efficient extraction of gas. By means of an integrated extraction technology, the amount of gas emitted into the zone was greatly reduced, while the risk of dangerous outbursts of coal and gas was lowered markedly. This exploration provides a new way to control for gas in working faces of coal mines with low permeability and risk of gas outbursts of single coal seams in the Jiaozuo mining area.

Calculation of gas content in coal seam influenced by in-situ stress grads and ground temperature

On the basis of the analysis of coal bed gas pressure in deep mine, and the coal bed permeability ( k ) and the characteristic of adsorption parameter ( b ) changing with temperature, the author puts forward a new calculating method of gas content in coal seam influenced by in situ stress grads and ground temperature. At the same time, the contrast of the measuring results of coal bed gas pressure with the computing results of coal bed gas pressure and gas content in coal seam in theory indicate that the computing method can well reflect the authenticity of gas content in coal seam,and will further perfect the computing method of gas content in coal seam in theory,and have important value in theory on analyzing gas content in coal seam and forecasting distribution law of gas content in coal seam in deep mine.

Hydraulic drill hole reaming technology with large flow and draining of coal mine gas

This paper takes Zhaozhuang mine in Shanxi province as an example to study the technology of hydraulic reaming drill hole for improving the gas extraction.The influence of the physical properties of coal seam on the hydraulic reaming drill holes and the draining of coal mine gas were analyzed and discussed for different coal structure areas,and the following conclusions were made.Hydraulic drill hole reaming has had a positive impact in Zhaozhuang Mine,and can improve the efficiency of gas extraction to different degrees.The water jet pressure used in hydraulic drill hole reaming mainly depends on the structure of the coal.When the coal seam basically becomes integrated,the critical water jet pressure increases,the discharge becomes relatively easy to achieve,the blocking effect on the gas extraction decreases,and the gas extraction significantly increases after the reaming process.When the coal seam is broken,the critical water jet pressure decreases,the discharge becomes difficult to achieve,the blocking effect on the gas extraction becomes obvious,and the gas extraction changes slightly after reaming.

Discussion of the indexes of nonoutburst coal seam upgrade and its corresponding critical values

In view of the measurement difficulties of indexes recommended by the 50Items Experience of Coal Mine Gas Prevention in the process of the nonoutburst coalseam upgrade, this paper took the No.8 coal seam of Huainan Mining Group as research object. Discussed the suitability of indexes and corresponding critical values, putforward method in determining the indexes and its critical values by analysis and investigation of the gas geological condition and the-spot tracking near position where anoutburst occurred combined with laboratory experiment, and established the indexesand its critical values of nonoutburst coal seam upgrade in No.8 coal seam of HuainanMining Group. The results show that it is suitable to take gas content and tectonic softcoal thickness easily to gain in routine production as primary upgrade indexes that itscritical values are 7.5 m^3/t and 0.8 m, respectively. In addition, takefvalue and Ap valueas auxiliary indexes.

STUDY ON THE THRESHOLD GAS PRESSURE IN COAL AND GAS OUTBURST

Based on the statistical data of 26 outburst prone coal seams in China, this paper presents the relationship among the threshold gas pressure in coal and gas outburst and the volatile content and hardness of coal by mathematical statistics. The threshold value of gas pressure for outburst pmin in MPa may be calculated by formula Pmin =5(0. 1+0. 07Kf), where / is the hardness and V the volatile content (%) of a soft bed. In China, the value of Pmin of some outburst prone coal seams ranges from 0. 57 to 0. 1 MPa.

高瓦斯低透气性松软煤层瓦斯治理技术研究

高瓦斯低透气性松软煤层是煤炭开采中的一大难题,这类煤层具有显著的瓦斯富集特点,瓦斯储量大,但由于其透气性极差,使得瓦斯难以有效排放。同时,松软的煤体结构使得煤层在开采过程中容易产生大量瓦斯,增加了矿井安全的隐患。低透气性往往与煤体内部的裂隙发育不良、孔隙结构闭合等因素有关,导致瓦斯不能顺利通过煤体排出。这种煤层的开采既需要高效的瓦斯抽排技术,又需确保煤层的稳定性,防止瓦斯与空气混合达到爆炸范围。

煤与远程卸压瓦斯安全高效共采试验研究

运用高瓦斯煤层群煤与瓦斯安全高效共采的思想,在淮南潘一矿进行了煤与瓦斯安全高效共采及远程瓦斯抽采的试验研究:首先开采瓦斯含量低、无突出危险的B11煤层,利用其采动影响使处在其上部70m(相对层间距35)的C13煤层卸压,煤层透气性系数增加近3000倍,瓦斯大量解吸并形成了沿顺层张裂隙流动的条件.通过在C13煤层底板沿走向布置的瓦斯抽采巷向C13煤层均匀地打网格式上向穿层钻孔,C13煤层内的卸压解吸瓦斯在煤层残余瓦斯压力和抽采负压作用下沿顺层张裂隙向抽采钻孔汇集,瓦斯抽采率达60%以上,不仅消除了煤与瓦斯突出危险性,而且相对瓦斯涌出量由原来25m3/t下降到5m3/t,工作面日产量由原来的1700t提高到5100t,成功地实现了煤与瓦斯两种资源的安全高效共采.

煤层群煤与瓦斯安全高效共采体系及应用

提出了高瓦斯煤层群煤与瓦斯安全高效共采的概念:在煤层群开采条件下,首先开采瓦斯含量低、无突出危险的首采煤层,利用其采动影响使处在其上部和下部的煤层卸压,煤层透气性成百倍地增加,从而形成高效的瓦斯抽采条件,同时进行的卸压瓦斯高效抽采既解决了由卸压煤层向首采煤层涌出瓦斯问题,保障首采煤层实现安全高效开采,又大幅度地降低了卸压煤层的瓦斯含量,消除了煤与瓦斯突出危险性,为在卸压煤层内实施快速掘进与高效采煤方法提供了安全保障,从而实现了瓦斯与煤炭两种资源的安全高效共采,文中介绍了针对不同卸压瓦斯流动特点的近程、中程和远程卸压瓦斯抽采方法及工程应用实践,最后对高瓦斯煤层群煤与瓦斯安全高效共采体系的应用前景进行了分析。

煤层深孔预裂爆破卸压增透效果数值模拟分析

针对高瓦斯低透气性煤层,对深孔预裂爆破进行了数值模拟分析研究。再现了爆破过程中,动压冲击震裂、应力波传播与叠加以及爆生气体驱动裂纹扩展的整个过程,系统地分析了控制孔与爆破孔对于爆破卸压增透效果的影响,提出了高瓦斯低透气性煤层深孔预裂爆破的合理间距,为高瓦斯低透气性煤层的瓦斯抽采效率提出了解决方案。深孔预裂爆破为高瓦斯低透气性煤层增透、进而解决高瓦斯低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采难题提供了一条有效的途径。

低透气性煤层长钻孔爆破增透技术

为改善高瓦斯低透气性煤层的瓦斯抽放效果,提高煤层瓦斯渗透性,以新安煤矿八号煤层为例,应用长钻孔爆破技术对煤层进行松动控制爆破,运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件模拟控制孔对煤岩裂隙区的影响过程。结果表明:合理布置控制孔可以增加裂隙区的范围,提高松动爆破的卸压和瓦斯排放效果。当不耦合系数为1.5、控制孔距爆破孔2 m时,裂隙区的范围约为爆破孔径的25倍。

低透气煤层高压气水混压增透驱替瓦斯技术研究

针对煤体纳米级孔隙内瓦斯难以解吸抽采的难题,首次提出了低透气煤层高压气水混压增透驱替瓦斯技术,研究指出高压气水混压增透驱替原理主要包括压裂裂隙的形成、水分竞争吸附置换瓦斯和高压空气驱替提高运移效率并解堵3个核心部分。研发了高压气水混压增透驱替瓦斯技术配套工艺及装备。在绿水洞煤矿K1煤层进行了现场试验,试验结果表明:矿井的平均单孔瓦斯抽采纯量从2.43 L/min提高到6.45 L/min,增加了2.65倍,平均抽采浓度从31.3%提到47.6%,增加了16.3%,煤层瓦斯含量降低了25.14%~80.62%,取得了显著的效果。

低含量超强开采工作面瓦斯异常涌出防治技术

为解决低瓦斯含量煤层在超高强度开采工艺下,U型通风回采面割煤期间瓦斯涌出量突增、采空区持续高瓦斯涌出以及上隅角瓦斯频繁超限等问题,在确认瓦斯异常涌出原因基础上,以塔山煤矿为例,研究煤层注水抑制落煤瓦斯涌出和专用巷分期排抽采空区瓦斯联合防治技术。结果表明,煤层注水消除了割煤期间瓦斯突增现象——回风流中最大瓦斯体积分数仅0.58%;在开采初期瓦斯专用巷自然引排使回采面形成U+I型通风方式,分担风排瓦斯量约30 m^3/min,在开采中、后期的密闭负压抽采,瓦斯排放量提升至40 m^3/min。采用该技术,已将回采期间的工作面瓦斯体积分数有效控制在0.6%以下,实现安全高效开采。

准噶尔盆地彩南地区深层低阶煤吸附特征及其影响因素

现有数据表明我国1 000 m 以浅低阶煤层含气量普遍偏低,而深层低阶煤试采效果显示较好.基于Langmuir 方程开展了低阶煤高温高压环境下等温吸附模拟实验,结果表明：褐煤吸附量约占长焰煤、气煤吸附量的1/3,吸附能力最弱,随着煤阶的升高,吸附量逐渐增大;实验发现低阶煤在55℃、12 MPa 以下吸附量随温度、压力增大而增加较快,并建立了基于煤阶-温度-压力条件下的深层低阶煤饱和吸附模型;煤层随着埋藏深度的增加,吸附量呈现出快速增加-缓慢增加-缓慢递减的过程,即深层煤层吸附量存在吸附临界深度带,为1 400-1 700 m.1 400 m 以浅吸附量受压力正效应大于温度负效应,吸附量随埋深增加而增加,临界深度带内吸附量达到极限,不再增加,1 700 m 以深温度负效应大于压力正效应,吸附量随深度增加而减小.实验结果为深层低阶煤层气资源评价及开发潜力提供理论依据.

突出煤层采煤工作面顺层钻孔水力压裂增透技术

为了解决采煤工作面顺层钻孔消突效果不均匀、效率较低等问题,以淮南地区谢桥煤矿低透气性煤层为试验对象,采用顺层钻孔水力压裂技术对煤层进行增透,以提高瓦斯治理效率。介绍了顺层钻孔区域防突措施设计方案,对水力压裂半径进行了考察;开展了水力压裂钻孔及瓦斯抽采钻孔设计,以及注水压力、注水量和保压时间等水力压裂工艺参数试验。水力压裂和未压裂顺层钻孔瓦斯抽采效果对比表明,水力压裂后钻孔抽采平均瓦斯浓度提高54%,平均单孔抽采瓦斯纯流量提高280%,抽采达标时间缩短了1个月;防突效果检验指标均达标,工作面回采期间未出现瓦斯浓度超限现象。

井下水力压裂对深部低透煤层瓦斯含量的影响规律研究

水力压裂是解决深部低透煤层抽采瓦斯困难的主要方法之一,为了进一步提升瓦斯高效抽采及客观评价压裂效果,有必要对压裂后煤层瓦斯含量的影响规律进行研究。在平煤股份十二矿深部低透煤层开展了底抽巷上行穿层钻孔水力压裂增透试验,设计了18个压裂效果考察钻孔,通过取样测定每个考察钻孔的瓦斯含量,详细分析了水力压裂后目标煤层及邻近煤层瓦斯含量的变化规律。研究结果表明:压裂钻孔周围35m范围内目标煤层的瓦斯含量较原始瓦斯含量平均降低了63%,邻近煤层的瓦斯含量较原始瓦斯含量平均降低了27%;沿目标煤层倾向的瓦斯含量平均降幅高于走向。研究结果可为深部低透煤层水力压裂钻孔与抽采钻孔的优化设计提供参考。

含水率对低渗透煤层气体渗流影响的实验研究

通过低渗透煤层气体在不同含水率时的渗流实验,可以看出含水率对气体在低渗透煤层中的渗流影响明显。随着含水率的增加,渗透率呈下降趋势,含水率越高,降低趋势越大;随着含水率的增加,气体流量降低,气体渗流阻力越大;含水率越高,启动压力梯度越大,气体滑脱效应越弱。