Liver is an essential organ that maintains fasting and postprandial blood glucose response via various metabolic pathways. The liver function gradually deteriorates in chronic liver disease (CLD) due to inflammation a...Liver is an essential organ that maintains fasting and postprandial blood glucose response via various metabolic pathways. The liver function gradually deteriorates in chronic liver disease (CLD) due to inflammation and destruction of liver parenchyma. The development of glucose intolerance and hepatogenous diabetes (HD) in patients with CLD is an inevitable event. Diabetes and CLD can coexist, and function synergistically to cause unfavorable clinical consequences, including poor treatment outcomes and frequent hospitalization. The complications associated with liver disease (malnutrition, hypoglycemia, acute kidney injury, lactic acidosis, etc.) and lack of guidelines limit pharmacological management of HD. Dietary recommendations by The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines (2019), suggested weight reducing hypocaloric diet along with adequate branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and micronutrient consumption to improve steatosis and insulin sensitivity in patients with CLD. Dietary glycemic index controls prognosis of obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes. The importance of low GI diet in reducing fasting blood glucose, hepatic glucose influx and fat accumulation, thereby improving weight loss and NAFLD score, is being published in patients with diabetes or liver disease. Several countries have already incorporated GI into their national health policies, for identification of the nutrient value, resulting in establishment of worldwide GI and glycemic load tables for specific food items. However, the apparent complexity of GI and lack of low GI meal choices need to be resolved in order to enhance patient’s quality of life, health and well-being. Low GI nutritional supplements, comprising of balanced proportion of carbohydrate, protein, BCAAs, fibers and micronutrients, may reduce the complexity related to dietary management of HD. The review summarizes the importance of nutritional management in HD with focus on low GI diet in people with CLD.展开更多
目的运用网状Meta分析评价5种不同饮食模式对2型糖尿病患者血糖和体重的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网和万方数据库中有关饮食模式对2型糖尿病患者血糖和体重影响...目的运用网状Meta分析评价5种不同饮食模式对2型糖尿病患者血糖和体重的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网和万方数据库中有关饮食模式对2型糖尿病患者血糖和体重影响的随机对照试验。由两名研究者独立提取数据资料,根据Co⁃chrane偏倚风险评估标准,使用Review Manager 5.3软件进行质量评价,利用Stata 17.0软件进行数据分析。结果共纳入31项研究,糖化血红蛋白的网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:生酮饮食>低血糖指数饮食>间歇性断食>常规糖尿病饮食>常规饮食;空腹血糖的网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:生酮饮食>低血糖指数饮食>间歇性断食>常规糖尿病饮食>常规饮食;体重指数的网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:生酮饮食>间歇性断食>低血糖指数饮食>常规糖尿病饮食>常规饮食;体重的网状Meta分析排序结果从优到劣依次为:生酮饮食>间歇性断食>低血糖指数饮食>常规糖尿病饮食>常规饮食。结论在5种饮食模式中,生酮饮食具有最优降血糖和降体重效应。展开更多
Fox nut (Euryale ferox) is categorized among superior quality foods because of its highly nutritious profile. It also serves as a good protein source for vegetarian diets. However, it is not widely consumed, due to so...Fox nut (Euryale ferox) is categorized among superior quality foods because of its highly nutritious profile. It also serves as a good protein source for vegetarian diets. However, it is not widely consumed, due to soggy texture and bland flavor as compared to other nuts. In this study, we used roasting and seasoning to enhance its consumer acceptance. Furthermore, we have also compared biochemical, nutritional and physical properties of the roasted and unroasted fox nuts;and their Glycemic Index (GI) in human subjects. Results showed that roasting significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved the minerals content (from 0.58 to 0.66%), protein content (from 11.40 to 14.57%), total phenolics (from 346.02 to 470.62 mg GAE/100 g), flavonoids (from 4.15 to 4.43 mg CE/g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (from 48.54 to 79.13% inhibition) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (from 662.46 to 957.14 μmol FeSO4/g). Consumer acceptance was evaluated with and without seasoning;both salt and spice seasoned roasted nuts had greater overall acceptability as compared to plain roasted and unroasted nuts. Fox nuts also reported low GI (37%) in human subjects (ethical approval #1772/01-06-2020). Thus, roasted fox nuts can be consumed as nutrient rich and low GI snack;not only as a component of healthy diet but can also be served to patients with metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes.展开更多
目的:探讨情绪释放疗法(EFT)联合低血糖指数膳食对糖尿病(DM)患者心理弹性和血糖的影响。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年1月接收的DM患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。两组均进行常规护理,基于此,对照组进行低血糖...目的:探讨情绪释放疗法(EFT)联合低血糖指数膳食对糖尿病(DM)患者心理弹性和血糖的影响。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年1月接收的DM患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。两组均进行常规护理,基于此,对照组进行低血糖指数膳食护理,观察组进行EFT联合低血糖指数膳食护理,干预2周。于干预前、干预2周后比较两组血糖指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)]、心理状况[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]及心理弹性[心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)]。结果:干预2周后,两组FBG和2 h PG水平均下降,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组SAS和SDS评分均下降,CD-RISC评分升高,且观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:EFT联合低血糖指数膳食能够降低DM患者血糖水平,缓解负性情绪,提高心理弹性。展开更多
文摘Liver is an essential organ that maintains fasting and postprandial blood glucose response via various metabolic pathways. The liver function gradually deteriorates in chronic liver disease (CLD) due to inflammation and destruction of liver parenchyma. The development of glucose intolerance and hepatogenous diabetes (HD) in patients with CLD is an inevitable event. Diabetes and CLD can coexist, and function synergistically to cause unfavorable clinical consequences, including poor treatment outcomes and frequent hospitalization. The complications associated with liver disease (malnutrition, hypoglycemia, acute kidney injury, lactic acidosis, etc.) and lack of guidelines limit pharmacological management of HD. Dietary recommendations by The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines (2019), suggested weight reducing hypocaloric diet along with adequate branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and micronutrient consumption to improve steatosis and insulin sensitivity in patients with CLD. Dietary glycemic index controls prognosis of obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes. The importance of low GI diet in reducing fasting blood glucose, hepatic glucose influx and fat accumulation, thereby improving weight loss and NAFLD score, is being published in patients with diabetes or liver disease. Several countries have already incorporated GI into their national health policies, for identification of the nutrient value, resulting in establishment of worldwide GI and glycemic load tables for specific food items. However, the apparent complexity of GI and lack of low GI meal choices need to be resolved in order to enhance patient’s quality of life, health and well-being. Low GI nutritional supplements, comprising of balanced proportion of carbohydrate, protein, BCAAs, fibers and micronutrients, may reduce the complexity related to dietary management of HD. The review summarizes the importance of nutritional management in HD with focus on low GI diet in people with CLD.
文摘Fox nut (Euryale ferox) is categorized among superior quality foods because of its highly nutritious profile. It also serves as a good protein source for vegetarian diets. However, it is not widely consumed, due to soggy texture and bland flavor as compared to other nuts. In this study, we used roasting and seasoning to enhance its consumer acceptance. Furthermore, we have also compared biochemical, nutritional and physical properties of the roasted and unroasted fox nuts;and their Glycemic Index (GI) in human subjects. Results showed that roasting significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved the minerals content (from 0.58 to 0.66%), protein content (from 11.40 to 14.57%), total phenolics (from 346.02 to 470.62 mg GAE/100 g), flavonoids (from 4.15 to 4.43 mg CE/g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (from 48.54 to 79.13% inhibition) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (from 662.46 to 957.14 μmol FeSO4/g). Consumer acceptance was evaluated with and without seasoning;both salt and spice seasoned roasted nuts had greater overall acceptability as compared to plain roasted and unroasted nuts. Fox nuts also reported low GI (37%) in human subjects (ethical approval #1772/01-06-2020). Thus, roasted fox nuts can be consumed as nutrient rich and low GI snack;not only as a component of healthy diet but can also be served to patients with metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes.
文摘目的:探讨情绪释放疗法(EFT)联合低血糖指数膳食对糖尿病(DM)患者心理弹性和血糖的影响。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年1月接收的DM患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。两组均进行常规护理,基于此,对照组进行低血糖指数膳食护理,观察组进行EFT联合低血糖指数膳食护理,干预2周。于干预前、干预2周后比较两组血糖指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)]、心理状况[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]及心理弹性[心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)]。结果:干预2周后,两组FBG和2 h PG水平均下降,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组SAS和SDS评分均下降,CD-RISC评分升高,且观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:EFT联合低血糖指数膳食能够降低DM患者血糖水平,缓解负性情绪,提高心理弹性。
