基于气象、电离层和气候星座观测系统(Constellation ObservingSystem for Meteorology,Ionosphere and Climate,COSMIC)掩星闪烁指数观测数据,将遮掩点的位置作为电离层不均匀体出现的位置,对比分析了电离层E区不均匀体和F区不均匀体...基于气象、电离层和气候星座观测系统(Constellation ObservingSystem for Meteorology,Ionosphere and Climate,COSMIC)掩星闪烁指数观测数据,将遮掩点的位置作为电离层不均匀体出现的位置,对比分析了电离层E区不均匀体和F区不均匀体随时间、空间、太阳活动和地磁活动的变化.发现E区闪烁主要出现于夏季半球的中纬地区;而F区闪烁主要出现于春秋季的磁赤道和低纬地区,受到地磁场的强烈控制.除季节因素外,太阳活动对E区闪烁的影响并不是基本的,而赤道异常和赤道附近的F区闪烁受到太阳活动的显著控制:相比太阳活动低年,高年的F区闪烁强度更大,且扩展至更高的纬度.地磁扰动时,中低纬地区电离层E区闪烁的全球分布与地磁平静时相似,但是闪烁的强度总体上略有增加,尤其是凌晨时段(00:00—06:00LT);中低纬地区电离层F区闪烁的全球分布也与地磁平静时相似,但是闪烁强度明显增加,且扩展至更高的纬度,尤其是00:00—06:00LT及18:00—24:00LT的太平洋扇区.两者对比表明,电离层F区闪烁对地磁活动更为敏感.将COSMIC掩星与天基原位观测的闪烁出现率结果进行对比,发现掩星手段不仅可以反映全球尺度的电离层不均匀体变化特征,包括它随季节/经度、地方时、太阳活动和地磁纬度的变化,而且可以反映电离层不均匀体随高度的变化,这是以往的观测手段难以拥有的.展开更多
All-sky meteor radars are primarily used for meteor observations. This paper reports the first observations of ionospheric Eregion field-aligned irregularities(FAIs) from a conventional all-sky meteor radar located at...All-sky meteor radars are primarily used for meteor observations. This paper reports the first observations of ionospheric Eregion field-aligned irregularities(FAIs) from a conventional all-sky meteor radar located at Wuhan(31°N, 114°E) for the period of March–June 2018. E-region FAI echoes evident in range-time intensity(RTI) maps show quasiperiodic striations with positive and negative slopes, which are consistent with multiple FAI structures moving across the wide beam of the meteor radar. A statistical analysis shows that out of a total of 111 d, there are 73 d with E-region FAI echoes detected by the meteor radar. The FAI events correspond well with the presence of sporadic-E layers which provide the necessary plasma density gradient for the development of gradient drift instability producing FAIs. The results demonstrate the capability of conventional meteor radars to make simultaneous routine observations of meteors and ionospheric E-region FAIs through incorporating RTI and spectral analysis into the online realtime data processing. Meteor radar observations could potentially address the limitations of ionospheric radars, which cannot provide simultaneous measurements of neutral winds and irregularity structures, and thereby contribute to better understanding of the dynamical processes producing E-region irregularities.展开更多
文摘基于气象、电离层和气候星座观测系统(Constellation ObservingSystem for Meteorology,Ionosphere and Climate,COSMIC)掩星闪烁指数观测数据,将遮掩点的位置作为电离层不均匀体出现的位置,对比分析了电离层E区不均匀体和F区不均匀体随时间、空间、太阳活动和地磁活动的变化.发现E区闪烁主要出现于夏季半球的中纬地区;而F区闪烁主要出现于春秋季的磁赤道和低纬地区,受到地磁场的强烈控制.除季节因素外,太阳活动对E区闪烁的影响并不是基本的,而赤道异常和赤道附近的F区闪烁受到太阳活动的显著控制:相比太阳活动低年,高年的F区闪烁强度更大,且扩展至更高的纬度.地磁扰动时,中低纬地区电离层E区闪烁的全球分布与地磁平静时相似,但是闪烁的强度总体上略有增加,尤其是凌晨时段(00:00—06:00LT);中低纬地区电离层F区闪烁的全球分布也与地磁平静时相似,但是闪烁强度明显增加,且扩展至更高的纬度,尤其是00:00—06:00LT及18:00—24:00LT的太平洋扇区.两者对比表明,电离层F区闪烁对地磁活动更为敏感.将COSMIC掩星与天基原位观测的闪烁出现率结果进行对比,发现掩星手段不仅可以反映全球尺度的电离层不均匀体变化特征,包括它随季节/经度、地方时、太阳活动和地磁纬度的变化,而且可以反映电离层不均匀体随高度的变化,这是以往的观测手段难以拥有的.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41727803,41574149,41621063)
文摘All-sky meteor radars are primarily used for meteor observations. This paper reports the first observations of ionospheric Eregion field-aligned irregularities(FAIs) from a conventional all-sky meteor radar located at Wuhan(31°N, 114°E) for the period of March–June 2018. E-region FAI echoes evident in range-time intensity(RTI) maps show quasiperiodic striations with positive and negative slopes, which are consistent with multiple FAI structures moving across the wide beam of the meteor radar. A statistical analysis shows that out of a total of 111 d, there are 73 d with E-region FAI echoes detected by the meteor radar. The FAI events correspond well with the presence of sporadic-E layers which provide the necessary plasma density gradient for the development of gradient drift instability producing FAIs. The results demonstrate the capability of conventional meteor radars to make simultaneous routine observations of meteors and ionospheric E-region FAIs through incorporating RTI and spectral analysis into the online realtime data processing. Meteor radar observations could potentially address the limitations of ionospheric radars, which cannot provide simultaneous measurements of neutral winds and irregularity structures, and thereby contribute to better understanding of the dynamical processes producing E-region irregularities.
