Room temperature sputtered inorganic nickel oxide(NiO_(x))is one of the most promising hole transport layers(HTL)for perovskite-sillion 2-terminal tandem solar cells with the aid of ultrathin and compact organic layer...Room temperature sputtered inorganic nickel oxide(NiO_(x))is one of the most promising hole transport layers(HTL)for perovskite-sillion 2-terminal tandem solar cells with the aid of ultrathin and compact organic layers to passivate the surface defects.In this study,the aromatic solvent with different substituent groups was used to regulate the conformation of poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)am ine](PTAA)layer.As a result,the single-junction perovskite solar cell(PSC)gained a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 20.63%,contributing to a 27.21%efficiency for monolithic perovskite/silicon(double-side polished)2-terminal tandem solar cell,by applying the alkyl aromatic solvent to enhance theπ-πstacking of PTAA molecular chains.The tandem solar cell can maintain 95%initial efficiency after aging over 1000 h.This study provides a universal approach for improving the photovoltaic performance of NiO_(x)/polymer-based perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells and other single junction inverted PSCs.展开更多
Main observation and conclusion The application of lithium-ion batteries in cold climates has been hindered due to the decline in performance at low temperatures.The increased de-solvation energy and formation of Li d...Main observation and conclusion The application of lithium-ion batteries in cold climates has been hindered due to the decline in performance at low temperatures.The increased de-solvation energy and formation of Li dendrites at the anode surface emerge as the major challenges,which rely on the development of stable anode and compatible electrolytes.Herein,a self-healing GaInSn liquid metal(LM)based electrode coupled with a multi-solvent electrolyte is proposed toward reversible Li-storage at low temperatures.By using methyl butyrate(MB)as a co-solvent in 1 mol·L^(–1)LiTFSI of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate,the electrolyte viscosity decreases from 52.07 to 13.75 mPa·s,while the ionic conductivity increases from 1.38 to 3.44 mS·cm^(–1)at–20°C.Moreover,the Li/MXene@LM cells can display a discharge capacity of 500 mAh·g^(–1),with capacity retention of 78%at–20°C after 120 cycles.It is disclosed that a uniform LiF-rich solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layer on the anode is formed upon the addition of MB,which promotes the desolvation of Li ions at the interface of electrode/electrolyte especially at low temperatures.These results prove that MB as the co-solvent is well compatible with LM based anodes and holds great potential for the exploration of low-temperature energy devices.展开更多
Freezing and crystallization of commercial ethylene carbonate-based binary electrolytes,leading to irreversible damage to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),remain a significant challenge for the survival of energy storage d...Freezing and crystallization of commercial ethylene carbonate-based binary electrolytes,leading to irreversible damage to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),remain a significant challenge for the survival of energy storage devices at extremely low temperatures(<−40°C).Herein,a decimal solvent-based high-entropy electrolyte is developed with an unprecedented low freezing point of−130°C to significantly extend the service temperature range of LIBs,far superior to−30°C of the commercial counterpart.Distinguished from conventional electrolytes,this molecularly disordered solvent mixture greatly suppresses the freezing crystallization of electrolytes,providing good protection for LIBs from possible mechanical damage at extremely low temperatures.Benefiting from this,our high-entropy electrolyte exhibits extraordinarily high ionic conductivity of 0.62 mS·cm−1 at−60°C,several orders of magnitude higher than the frozen commercial electrolytes.Impressively,LIBs utilizing decimal electrolytes can be charged and discharged even at an ultra-low temperature of−60°C,maintaining high capacity retention(∼80%at−40°C)as well as remarkable rate capability.This study provides design strategies of low-temperature electrolytes to extend the service temperature range of LIBs,creating a new avenue for improving the survival and operation of various energy storage systems under extreme environmental conditions.展开更多
In this paper, a novel micro drop solvent extraction technique jonied with low temperature ETV-ICP-AES for ultra trace element analysis is reported. The apparatus of micro drop solvent extraction was designed, and pre...In this paper, a novel micro drop solvent extraction technique jonied with low temperature ETV-ICP-AES for ultra trace element analysis is reported. The apparatus of micro drop solvent extraction was designed, and preliminary investigation was made for the extraction of ultra trace La by a micro drop of 0.05 mol/L PMBP-benzene(2 μL). It was found that 500-fold concentration of ultra-trace La in 1 mL solution was achieved in 0.2 mL of glass chamber by a single micro drop of PMBP-benzene suspended on the tip of a 10 μL of microsyringe. The future development of micro drop solvent extraction technique in atomic spectrometry was briefly discussed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB1500103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62104082)+1 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515010746,2022A1515011228)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(202201010458)。
文摘Room temperature sputtered inorganic nickel oxide(NiO_(x))is one of the most promising hole transport layers(HTL)for perovskite-sillion 2-terminal tandem solar cells with the aid of ultrathin and compact organic layers to passivate the surface defects.In this study,the aromatic solvent with different substituent groups was used to regulate the conformation of poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)am ine](PTAA)layer.As a result,the single-junction perovskite solar cell(PSC)gained a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 20.63%,contributing to a 27.21%efficiency for monolithic perovskite/silicon(double-side polished)2-terminal tandem solar cell,by applying the alkyl aromatic solvent to enhance theπ-πstacking of PTAA molecular chains.The tandem solar cell can maintain 95%initial efficiency after aging over 1000 h.This study provides a universal approach for improving the photovoltaic performance of NiO_(x)/polymer-based perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells and other single junction inverted PSCs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0124500 and 2019YFA0705700)the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(51825102)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1804255)open funding of Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education,Harbin Engineering University.
文摘Main observation and conclusion The application of lithium-ion batteries in cold climates has been hindered due to the decline in performance at low temperatures.The increased de-solvation energy and formation of Li dendrites at the anode surface emerge as the major challenges,which rely on the development of stable anode and compatible electrolytes.Herein,a self-healing GaInSn liquid metal(LM)based electrode coupled with a multi-solvent electrolyte is proposed toward reversible Li-storage at low temperatures.By using methyl butyrate(MB)as a co-solvent in 1 mol·L^(–1)LiTFSI of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate,the electrolyte viscosity decreases from 52.07 to 13.75 mPa·s,while the ionic conductivity increases from 1.38 to 3.44 mS·cm^(–1)at–20°C.Moreover,the Li/MXene@LM cells can display a discharge capacity of 500 mAh·g^(–1),with capacity retention of 78%at–20°C after 120 cycles.It is disclosed that a uniform LiF-rich solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layer on the anode is formed upon the addition of MB,which promotes the desolvation of Li ions at the interface of electrode/electrolyte especially at low temperatures.These results prove that MB as the co-solvent is well compatible with LM based anodes and holds great potential for the exploration of low-temperature energy devices.
基金This study was supported by the National Research Foundation,Prime Minister’s Office,Singapore under the Nanomaterials for Energy and Water Management CREATE Programme,and the Energy Innovation Research Programme(EIRP)administered by the Energy Market Authority(no.NRF2015EWT-EIRP002-008).
文摘Freezing and crystallization of commercial ethylene carbonate-based binary electrolytes,leading to irreversible damage to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),remain a significant challenge for the survival of energy storage devices at extremely low temperatures(<−40°C).Herein,a decimal solvent-based high-entropy electrolyte is developed with an unprecedented low freezing point of−130°C to significantly extend the service temperature range of LIBs,far superior to−30°C of the commercial counterpart.Distinguished from conventional electrolytes,this molecularly disordered solvent mixture greatly suppresses the freezing crystallization of electrolytes,providing good protection for LIBs from possible mechanical damage at extremely low temperatures.Benefiting from this,our high-entropy electrolyte exhibits extraordinarily high ionic conductivity of 0.62 mS·cm−1 at−60°C,several orders of magnitude higher than the frozen commercial electrolytes.Impressively,LIBs utilizing decimal electrolytes can be charged and discharged even at an ultra-low temperature of−60°C,maintaining high capacity retention(∼80%at−40°C)as well as remarkable rate capability.This study provides design strategies of low-temperature electrolytes to extend the service temperature range of LIBs,creating a new avenue for improving the survival and operation of various energy storage systems under extreme environmental conditions.
文摘In this paper, a novel micro drop solvent extraction technique jonied with low temperature ETV-ICP-AES for ultra trace element analysis is reported. The apparatus of micro drop solvent extraction was designed, and preliminary investigation was made for the extraction of ultra trace La by a micro drop of 0.05 mol/L PMBP-benzene(2 μL). It was found that 500-fold concentration of ultra-trace La in 1 mL solution was achieved in 0.2 mL of glass chamber by a single micro drop of PMBP-benzene suspended on the tip of a 10 μL of microsyringe. The future development of micro drop solvent extraction technique in atomic spectrometry was briefly discussed.
