Collaborative robust dispatch of electricity and carbon under carbon allowance trading market

The launch of the carbon-allowance trading market has changed the cost structure of the power industry.There is an asynchronous coupling mechanism between the carbon-allowance-trading market and the day-ahead power-system dispatch.In this study,a data-driven model of the uncertainty in the annual carbon price was created.Subsequently,a collaborative,robust dispatch model was constructed considering the annual uncertainty of the carbon price and the daily uncertainty of renewable-energy generation.The model is solved using the column-and-constraint generation algorithm.An operation and cost model of a carbon-capture power plant(CCPP)that couples the carbon market and the economic operation of the power system is also established.The critical,profitable conditions for the economic operation of the CCPP were derived.Case studies demonstrated that the proposed low-carbon,robust dispatch model reduced carbon emissions by 2.67%compared with the traditional,economic,dispatch method.The total fuel cost of generation decreases with decreasing,conservative,carbon-price-uncertainty levels,while total carbon emissions continue to increase.When the carbon-quota coefficient decreases,the system dispatch tends to increase low-carbon unit output.This study can provide important guidance for carbon-market design and the low-carbon-dispatch selection strategies.

Structural Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Carbon Emission Spatial Association Network:A Case Study of Yangtze River Delta City Cluster,China

City cluster is an effective platform for encouraging regionally coordinated development.Coordinated reduction of carbon emissions within city cluster via the spatial association network between cities can help coordinate the regional carbon emission management,realize sustainable development,and assist China in achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.This paper applies the improved gravity model and social network analysis(SNA)to the study of spatial correlation of carbon emissions in city clusters and analyzes the structural characteristics of the spatial correlation network of carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)city cluster in China and its influencing factors.The results demonstrate that:1)the spatial association of carbon emissions in the YRD city cluster exhibits a typical and complex multi-threaded network structure.The network association number and density show an upward trend,indicating closer spatial association between cities,but their values remain generally low.Meanwhile,the network hierarchy and network efficiency show a downward trend but remain high.2)The spatial association network of carbon emissions in the YRD city cluster shows an obvious‘core-edge’distribution pattern.The network is centered around Shanghai,Suzhou and Wuxi,all of which play the role of‘bridges’,while cities such as Zhoushan,Ma'anshan,Tongling and other cities characterized by the remote location,single transportation mode or lower economic level are positioned at the edge of the network.3)Geographic proximity,varying levels of economic development,different industrial structures,degrees of urbanization,levels of technological innovation,energy intensities and environmental regulation are important influencing factors on the spatial association of within the YRD city cluster.Finally,policy implications are provided from four aspects:government macro-control and market mechanism guidance,structural characteristics of the‘core-edge’network,reconfiguration and optimization of the spatial layout of the YRD city cluster,and the application of advanced technologies.

Spatiotemporal Differentiation of Urban Spatial Form and Carbon Emissions in Poyang Lake City Group

In response to the inherent requirements of low-carbon land spatial planning in Jiangxi Province and the lack of existing research,this paper explored the mechanism of spatial form elements of Poyang Lake urban agglomeration on urban carbon emissions.Based on generalized linear regression and geographically weighted regression models,this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of carbon emissions,the spatiotemporal relationship between urban form index and carbon emissions,and the spatial differentiation of the intensity of dominant factors from 63 county-level administrative units in the Poyang Lake city group from 2005 to 2020.The results showed that:①The carbon emissions of urban agglomerations around Poyang Lake are generally increasing,and the spatial distribution of carbon emissions is characterized by high-value concentration in the middle and low-value agglomeration in pieces;②The main driving factor for the spatial heterogeneity of carbon emissions was the expansion of built-up area;③Improving urban compactness and optimizing urban form could effectively reduce urban carbon emissions.The results showcased the correlation between urban spatial landscape pattern and the spatiotemporal distribution of carbon emissions,which could make the low-carbon land spatial planning in the Poyang Lake city group more reasonable and practical.

Research and Experience Reference on China’s Implementation of Low Carbon Strategy

Economic development has brought about global greenhouse gas emissions, which in turn has brought about global climate change. This research paper aims to compare the strengths and weaknesses that China has demonstrated in the implementation of its low-carbon city strategy and to summarise the valuable experience that China can provide to the world in the implementation of its low-carbon city strategy. This essay analyses in depth the advantages that China has shown in the areas of renewable energy use and government mechanisms, as well as the shortcomings that it has shown in the areas of eco-efficiency industrial structure and capacity upgrading. Then, the paper summarises the successful experiences of the Chinese government in the establishment of renewable energy use and governmental mechanisms, such as the local government’s ability to coordinate multiple sectors (industrial sector, energy sector, etc.) and the implementation of responsibilities. In comparison, the paper also further discusses that China’s implementation of a low-carbon strategy in the future may have more eco-efficiency, industrial structure and capacity upgrading.

Development of a Low Carbon Economy in Wuxi City

The development of a Low Carbon Economy is a vital instrument to encounter climate change and take into account the growing challenges of an increasing urbanization in China. Wuxi City in East China’s Jiangsu Province is starting to implement a Low Carbon City Plan for safeguarding a sustainable development of the city until 2020 and beyond. This paper aims at estimating the impact of the Low Carbon City plan for Wuxi’s energy demand and CO2-emissions until 2050. Using an econometric energy supply and demand model to estimate and forecast the Wuxi energy and CO2-balance aggregates until 2050, it compares a scenario without specific Low Carbon City measures to reduce sectoral CO2-intensities to a Low Carbon scenario implementing these measures according to the Low Carbon City Plan until 2020 and beyond. The decomposition of the Kaya-identity reveals that the increase of per capita income has the largest impact on the growth of CO2-emissions and the decrease of energy intensity of Gross Value Added the largest impact on the reduction of CO2-emissions in Wuxi. A decrease of population and CO2-intensity of Primary energy supply only have average contributions. The decrease of energy intensity of Gross Value Added is due to energy efficiency gains in the single economic sectors, but to a large extent due to structural changes of the economy away from energy intensive sectors such as iron and steel, chemical industry or cement industry towards the energy extensive service sectors. A growing residential sector also reduces the industrial share of energy demand. Only following the assumed national trend with a shift from CO2-intensive industries to a CO2-extensive service economy, the Low Carbon goal of a 50% reduction of CO2-intensity of Gross Value Added compared to 2005 cannot be reached in Wuxi. Specific sectoral CO2 -intensity goals have to be successfully observed by the economic sectors in Wuxi, especially by the industry. The promotion of combined heat and power generation also has to contribute to the specific activities in Wuxi.

Development Situations and Countermeasures of Low Carbon Ecological Circular Agriculture:A Case Study of Nantong City

Developing the low carbon ecological circular agriculture is an effective approach to realizing low carbon development of agriculture. Through investigation on existing measures and performance of development of low carbon type ecological circular agriculture in Nantong City, we analyzed the potential and problems of Nantong City in developing low carbon type ecological circular agriculture. Finally, with reference to domestic and foreign research achievements and practical experience, we put forward countermeasures for developing low carbon type ecological circular agriculture in Nantong City from building technical system and government guidance.

Development path of Chinese low-carbon cities based on index evaluation

这个工作作为研究对象从瓷器低碳的试验性项目拿 36 个城市并且使用人均的碳排放和人均的 GDP 把 36 个城市分成四种类型揭示他们的低碳的开发地位；这四种类型是领先的城市，开发城市，迟到者城市，和探索城市。根据一个索引系统，那份量上描述低碳的开发，这研究分析特征，发展趋势，和城市的四种类型的低碳的发展小径。根据国家排出物并且就在为城市的每种类型的发展阶段，挑战，和机会的差别而言的现在的状况和目的，这研究为低碳的路线图介绍建议并且中期、长期(在 2030 )在中国的区域的不同类型的排放趋势线路。

Scenario analysis for the energy demand and carbon emissions in low carbon city

This paper takes the climate change and low carbon economy development as the study background, based on the analysis of energy demand and carbon emissions status, which is aimed to provide the low carbon development path in Chinese cities. The method of scenario analysis can be used to predict long-term strategy for the uncertainty future development, and it was introduced to the field of social forecasting and public policy research, such as the environmental strategic planning, policy analysis, and support of decision in resource management, which can be used to explore the possible development trend and target of the results from the macro perspective. Scenario analysis has been gradually applied to the study area on low carbon economy, energy forecasting and other fields in recent years, and there have been many research results in different aspects. This paper takes the scenario analysis as basic study theory, spreading out the present situation of its application in low carbon city and some issues that need further study. As a tool for predicting the future development in low carbon city, the method of scenario analysis has been providing a powerful reference for policies and their executants.

Friction and wear behavior and mechanism of low carbon microalloyed steel containing Nb

Dry sliding friction and wear test of Nb containing low carbon microalloyed steel was carried out at room temperature,and the effect of Nb on the wear behavior of the steel,as welll as the mechanism was studied.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS) were employed to analyze the morphology and composition of the worn surface,and the structure evolution of the plastic deformation layer.The carbide content and type in the steel were analyzed by the electrolytic extraction device and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The experimental results demonstrate that the addition of 0.2% Nb can refine the grain and generate Nb C to improve the wear resistance of the steel.By enhancing the load and speed of wear experiment,the wear mechanism of the test steel with 0.2% Nb changes from slight oxidation wear to severe adhesion wear and oxidation wear.Compared with the load,the increase in the rotation speed exerts a greater influence on the wear of the test steel.

Low Carbon Building Design Optimization Based on Intelligent Energy Management System

The construction of relevant standards for building carbon emission assessment in China has just started,and the quantitative analysis method and evaluation system are still imperfect,which hinders the development of low-carbon building design.Therefore,the use of intelligent energy management system is very necessary.The purpose of this paper is to explore the design optimization of low-carbon buildings based on intelligent energy management systems.Based on the proposed quantitative method of building carbon emission,this paper establishes the quota theoretical system of building carbon emission analysis,and develops the quota based carbon emission calculation software.Smart energy management system is a low-carbon energy-saving system based on the reference of large-scale building energy-saving system and combined with energy consumption.It provides a fast and effective calculation tool for the quantitative evaluation of carbon emission of construction projects,so as to realize the carbon emission control and optimization in the early stage of architectural design and construction.On this basis,the evaluation,analysis and calculation method of building structure based on carbon reduction target is proposed,combined with the carbon emission quota management standard proposed in this paper.Taking small high-rise residential buildings as an example,this paper compares and analyzes different building structural systems from the perspectives of structural performance,economy and carbon emission level.It provides a reference for the design and evaluation of low-carbon building structures.The smart energy management system collects user energy use parameters.It uses time period and time sequence to obtain a large amount of data for analysis and integration,which provides users with intuitive energy consumption data.Compared with the traditional architectural design method,the industrialized construction method can save 589.22 megajoules(MJ)per square meter.Based on 29270 megajoules(MJ)per ton of standard coal,the construction area of the case is about 8000 m2,and the energy saving of residential buildings is 161.04 tons of standard coal.This research is of great significance in reducing the carbon emission intensity of buildings.

Urban Pocket Park System Planning Based on Low Carbon Comprehensive Benefits: A Case Study of Chaowai District in Beijing

Low carbon landscape development is an emerging approach of landscape design,which aims to promote sustainable development,and reduce energy consumption and environmental impact by reducing carbon emissions.As an important component of low carbon landscape construction,the construction of urban pocket park system based on mini-parks plays a crucial role in improving the urban greening level,increasing the urban green space,alleviating the urban pressure,improving the living and healthy environment of urban residents,and promoting the urban ecological balance.Taking Chaowai district of Beijing as an example,this paper calculates the ecological value of trees including energy contribution,carbon sequestration,ability to improve rainfall runoff and aesthetic value by collecting the information of trees and the plot on which the trees are located through the i-Tree platform,which provides important reference value for the urban pocket park system planning to create low carbon comprehensive benefits.

Exploring the effect of a low-carbon city pilot policies on carbon dioxide emission intensity:Based on the PSM-DID method

In 2010,the National Development and Reform Commission launched the low-carbon city(LCC)pilot pro‐gram.The scope of the pilot program was then gradually expanded to address the dilemma concerning eco‐nomic development and low-carbon transition.Selecting the second batch of LCCs in China,this study uses a combination of propensity score matching and difference-in-differences models to determine the effect of LCC pilot policies on CO_(2) emission intensity.We also used the mediation effect model to further investigate its in‐ternal mechanism.The findings of the study are as follows.First,the LCC pilot policy plays an important role in reducing carbon emissions.Second,LCC pilots policies reduce CO_(2) emissions through intermediary paths of output adjustment and technological innovation.Third,our heterogeneity analysis reveals that cities with higher levels of economic growth and better levels of human capital have superior carbon emission reduction effects;lastly,non-resource-based cities have better carbon emission reduction effects.

Planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area(city of over 5 million people):Contributions of China’s geologists and urban geology

China established Xiong’an New Area in Hebei Province in 2017,which is planned to accommodate about 5 million people,aiming to relieve Beijing City of the functions non-essential to its role as China’s capital and to expedite the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.From 2017 to 2021,the China Geological Survey(CGS)took the lead in multi-factor urban geological surveys involving space,resources,environments,and disasters according to the general requirements of“global vision,international standards,distinctive Chinese features,and future-oriented goals”in Xiong’an New Area,identifying the engineering geologic conditions and geologic environmental challenges of this area.The achievements also include a 3D engineering geological structure model for the whole area,along with“one city proper and five clusters”,insights into the ecology and the background endowment of natural resources like land,geothermal resources,groundwater,and wetland of the area before engineering construction,a comprehensive monitoring network of resources and environments in the area,and the“Transparent Xiong’an”geological information platform that is open,shared,dynamically updated,and three-dimensionally visualized.China’s geologists and urban geology have played a significant role in the urban planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area,providing whole-process geological solutions for urban planning,construction,operation and management.The future urban construction of Xiong’an New Area will necessitate the theoretical and technical support of earth system science(ESS)from various aspects,and the purpose is to enhance the resilience of the new type of city and to provide support for the green,low-carbon,and sustainable development of this area.

Review of Research on the Evaluation Index System of Low-carbon City in China

In order to promote the research on the evaluation index system of low-carbon city,this paper reviewed and summarized the current evaluation index systems in recent years and the concepts of lowcarbon city in China.The current evaluation index systems of low-carbon city in China could be divided into two types:two class index system and three class index system.The establishment of different index systems basically adheres to the scientific,systematic,operable and dynamic principles,and the target value and weight of evaluation index could be confirmed in multiple ways.This paper analyzed the existing problems in the evaluation index systems of low-carbon city,and came up with some suggestions and advice to promote relevant research.

Research on the Impact of Low Carbon Economy on China’s Foreign Trade

Considering the growing prominence of global environmental issues,a low-carbon economy has emerged as a crucial direction for economic development across various countries.As the world’s second-largest economy,China has also witnessed the influence of a low-carbon economy on its international trade development.This article aims to commence with an exploration of the development background,meaning,and significance of a low-carbon economy.Subsequently,it delves into an in-depth analysis of the impact that a low-carbon economy has on China’s international trade.The article concludes by proposing pertinent countermeasures and suggestions.

Research on the Development of Green Hotels in the Context of Low Carbon Tourism

With the continuous implementation of national measures related to carbon neutrality strategy,the concept of a low-carbon economy has been deeply rooted in people’s hearts.Low-carbon tourism has gradually become an inevitable trend,and the tourism industry is also undergoing orderly transformation and upgrading.To promote the sustainable development of the tourism industry,the tourism and hotel industry should also shift towards a low-carbon and green model.Hotel activities can easily bring related environmental issues,such as energy consumption,garbage generation,ecological pollution,etc.Therefore,building a green hotel will bring huge social and economic benefits to the low-carbon tourism industry.This article will address the above issues and take a low-carbon economy as the starting point,proposing sustainable development strategies and suggestions for green hotels from both the internal and external environment of the hotel,creating a low-carbon management atmosphere,and promoting the low-carbon operation of the green hotel industry.

行业脱碳不能单打独斗--访MSC海事政策和政府事务副总裁兼Low Carbon GIA主席Claudio Abbate先生

为实现国际海事组织(IMO)温室气体减排的初步战略的目标,为航运业的脱碳之路提供支持,IMO发起成立了支持低碳航运的全球产业联盟(Low Carbon GIA)。2022年,该联盟迎来成立5周年纪念日。回首这5年,联盟为行业脱碳做出了哪些贡献?展望未来,联盟还将如何助力行业脱碳?带着这些问题,本刊记者采访了地中海航运集团(MSC)海事政策和政府事务副总裁兼Low Carbon GIA主席Claudio Abbate先生。

Study on Low-carbon City Planning Strategies Based on Urban Greenhouse Gas Inventory

From the perspective of urban greenhouse gas inventory, this paper analyzed the composition and tendency of urban greenhouse gas inventory of Guangzhou, and compared greenhouse gas inventory of representative international cities. Taking Guangzhou Haizhu Eco-city for example, this paper from the perspective of urban-rural planning put forward the low-carbon development paths and strategies such as increasing carbon sink, industrial transformation, spatial restructuring, traffic organization, green civil engineering and resource utilization, and green building for the main carbon-emitting fields such as industry, energy supply, transport, building and waste disposal.

英国EV-elocity项目对我国V2G项目开展的借鉴与启示

近年来我国在电动汽车领域发展迅速,但当大量电动汽车接入电网时会对电网的稳定性和可靠性构成挑战,而V2G技术可以平衡电网峰谷差和促进新能源消纳,提高电网的灵活性,从而有效缓解大量电动汽车无序接入电网带来的问题。以英国的EV-elocity项目为案例,深入分析了V2G项目的环境价值、电池老化和用户反馈等方面,这些也是目前我国在开展V2G项目中关注相对较少的问题。此外,还简要介绍了我国V2G项目的实施情况,并指出我国V2G研究在项目开展和研究方向层面所面临的问题。最后,针对环境价值、电池老化、用户体验和接受度等方面提出了相关建议,这些建议旨在缩小与发达国家在该技术领域的差距,从而推动我国V2G项目的开展和V2G技术的应用。

Necessity and Feasibility of Developing Low Carbon Agriculture in Xuzhou City

According to the characteristics of low carbon economy and low carbon agriculture at home and abroad,and combining with actual situations of agricultural development in Xuzhou City,the necessity of developing low carbon agriculture in Xuzhou City is analyzed by the perspectives of its agricultural production conditions,agricultural modernization,comprehensive competitive power,ecological civilization and low carbon economy. Simultaneously,the feasibility of developing low carbon agriculture in the city is discussed through low carbon technology,rural land management model,agricultural input channel,agriculture-related scientific research system,agricultural research transformation mechanism and rural personnel training program to provide some references for promoting the rapid and sound development of low carbon agriculture in Xuzhou City.