Land use and cover change(LUCC) is one of the important causes of the Earth’s carbon cycle imbalances resulting from failure in optimizing land use. The solution to this problem has been the hotspot of research in la...Land use and cover change(LUCC) is one of the important causes of the Earth’s carbon cycle imbalances resulting from failure in optimizing land use. The solution to this problem has been the hotspot of research in land and environmental science. We took 'low carbon', 'energy saving' and 'high-efficiency' as the goals of land use optimization,and integrated Markov-CA(Cellular Automaton),the Grid-Fractal model and GIS,in order to study carbon emission objective function,to establish a simulation method for land use spatial allocation optimization,to evaluate the effect of the method on carbon emissions. Regulation policy on three types of land use spatial allocation was proposed,including 'low-carbon type', 'low-carbon-economic type' and 'economic type'. We applied the method to analyze the land use spatial allocation in Taixing City of the 'Yangtze River Delta' regions in China,and obtained the following results:(i) The three optimization types would improve carbon emissions by 3. 21%,1. 80% and 0. 36% respectively in 2020,compared with 2010;(ii) The actual planning for 2020 was close to the 'low-carbon-economic type';(iii) The optimization method and regulation policy,combining local optimization and global control,could meet the sustainable multi-objective requirements for low-carbon constraints of land use spatial allocation. The result of this research could also serve as a reference for exploration into patterns of regional low-carbon land use and measures for energy saving and emission reduction.展开更多
The process of exploiting mining land is the process of carbon increasing. The goal of top-level design of the mine land reclamation is not clear, which causes the reducing of carbon sink capacity. The mine land recla...The process of exploiting mining land is the process of carbon increasing. The goal of top-level design of the mine land reclamation is not clear, which causes the reducing of carbon sink capacity. The mine land reclamation program targeted poorly, which is bad for the control of overall carbon resource and emission. According to the requirements in regional division of encouraged, restricted and prohibited development, in various regions, multiple objectives were set as to maximize economic benefits and not to reduce the carbon sinks level of mine area, using Markov process optimization land-use structure, and based on the land type and characteristics, by floating changing, increasing or decreasing, land exploitation structure was adjusted to meet the need of low-carbon mine land exploitation.展开更多
Using the evaluation indicator system for arable land fertility in Suiping County,this paper analyzes some factors influencing agricultural production,such as physical and chemical properties of soil,site conditions,s...Using the evaluation indicator system for arable land fertility in Suiping County,this paper analyzes some factors influencing agricultural production,such as physical and chemical properties of soil,site conditions,soil management,and soil nutrients concerning various types of low-yielding fields in the county. In accordance with the dominant soil constraint factors and main direction of improvement,the lowyielding fields in the county are divided into four types: irrigation improvement type,waterlogging drainage type,barren soil fertilization and barrier layer type. Finally this paper offers specific guidance on the construction of arable land.展开更多
Low-slope hilly land( LSHL) refers to regions with relatively lower altitude,smaller topographic changes and gentler slopes. Exploitation and utilization of such areas is acting as an efficient approach to release the...Low-slope hilly land( LSHL) refers to regions with relatively lower altitude,smaller topographic changes and gentler slopes. Exploitation and utilization of such areas is acting as an efficient approach to release the intensity in land utilization for mountainous areas in China, and needs further study. By summarizing related domestic concepts regarding LSHL,and taking Lu County of Sichuan province as the sample,this paper defined the scope of LSHL and extracted a total coverage of 331. 71 km2 LSHL.Then based on the landscape ecological security patterns theory,we have established the landscape ecological security pattern of Lu County by the minimum cumulative resistance model,targeting to achieve ecological land protection. Moreover,LSHL of different landscape security levels is further classified through overlay analysis on the current utilization status of the LSHL. The LSHL is classified into four categories, including prioritized development type,moderate development type, limited development type and prohibited development type. Their scopes of areas are 108. 72,97. 03,68. 36 and 57. 60 km2 respectively. In addition,respective land utilization and exploitation plan for LSHL are proposed according to the analysis of characteristics of each type. The result has provided scientific references for the definition,establishment of landscape ecological security pattern as well as the appropriate exploitation and utilization of the LSHL.展开更多
受登陆北上台风“利奇马”等影响,2019年8月9~12日山东省出现连续暴雨,其中10日夜间出现降雨峰值。利用中国气象局上海台风研究所(Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration,简称CMA-STI)热带气旋最佳路径数...受登陆北上台风“利奇马”等影响,2019年8月9~12日山东省出现连续暴雨,其中10日夜间出现降雨峰值。利用中国气象局上海台风研究所(Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration,简称CMA-STI)热带气旋最佳路径数据、山东省自动气象站逐时降雨量、常规观测资料、中国风云二号地球静止气象卫星(FY-2G)0.1°×0.1°逐小时云顶相当黑体亮温和美国环境预报中心(National Center of Environmental Prediction,简称NCEP)1°×1°逐6 h再分析等资料,主要运用纬向风局地变化方程与大气动能方程,诊断分析降雨明显增幅与高、低层风场变化的关系。结果表明:(1)暴雨主要影响系统有高低空急流、500 hPa西风槽、850 hPa台风倒槽及“利奇马”本体环流等。10日200 hPa中纬度大尺度西南风急流东南移影响鲁西北,当天08:00(北京时,下同)850 hPa因双台风活动而形成的大尺度东南风急流突然北伸越过山东省。台风倒槽对流云与本体环流对流云先、后北移经鲁中,累积效应造成该地区10日夜间雨量最大。(2)10日20:00850 hPa章丘站东北侧出现了过程最快东风增幅,纬向运动方程诊断结果表明,东风平流是东风增加最主要原因,地转偏向力项则不利于东风增加。(3)10日20:00章丘站200 hPa西南风风力明显加大形成急流,10日08:00至11日08:00青岛站850 hPa维持东南风低空急流。同时位于高空急流右后侧与低空急流左前方是鲁中附近10日夜间降雨增幅的重要原因。章丘200 hPa与青岛850 hPa都是在最大风力之前12 h动能增加最快。动能方程诊断表明,最有利于鲁西北高空急流形成的是位能平流项,最有利于鲁东南低空急流形成的是动能垂直通量散度项。(4)10日20:00至13日08:00“利奇马”本体环流一直在影响山东,暴雨期间山东中部地形的动力作用也一直存在,而降雨的峰值是出现在10日夜间,说明10日20:00前后高、低空急流的耦合可能是山东暴雨增幅的主要影响因子。其主要作用至少有加强山东中部的垂直运动、整层水汽输送与静力不稳定度等方面。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(71233004)Nonprofit Industry Financial Program of Ministry of Land and Resources of China(201111011)+1 种基金Project of Jiangsu Province Science and Technology(BE2016302)Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Nanjing Agricultural University(SKZK2015008)
文摘Land use and cover change(LUCC) is one of the important causes of the Earth’s carbon cycle imbalances resulting from failure in optimizing land use. The solution to this problem has been the hotspot of research in land and environmental science. We took 'low carbon', 'energy saving' and 'high-efficiency' as the goals of land use optimization,and integrated Markov-CA(Cellular Automaton),the Grid-Fractal model and GIS,in order to study carbon emission objective function,to establish a simulation method for land use spatial allocation optimization,to evaluate the effect of the method on carbon emissions. Regulation policy on three types of land use spatial allocation was proposed,including 'low-carbon type', 'low-carbon-economic type' and 'economic type'. We applied the method to analyze the land use spatial allocation in Taixing City of the 'Yangtze River Delta' regions in China,and obtained the following results:(i) The three optimization types would improve carbon emissions by 3. 21%,1. 80% and 0. 36% respectively in 2020,compared with 2010;(ii) The actual planning for 2020 was close to the 'low-carbon-economic type';(iii) The optimization method and regulation policy,combining local optimization and global control,could meet the sustainable multi-objective requirements for low-carbon constraints of land use spatial allocation. The result of this research could also serve as a reference for exploration into patterns of regional low-carbon land use and measures for energy saving and emission reduction.
基金Supported by Business Public Welfare Fund Project of Ministry of Land and Resources,China(201011003)Soft Science Project of Science and Technology Department of Hebei Province,China(13456107D)
文摘The process of exploiting mining land is the process of carbon increasing. The goal of top-level design of the mine land reclamation is not clear, which causes the reducing of carbon sink capacity. The mine land reclamation program targeted poorly, which is bad for the control of overall carbon resource and emission. According to the requirements in regional division of encouraged, restricted and prohibited development, in various regions, multiple objectives were set as to maximize economic benefits and not to reduce the carbon sinks level of mine area, using Markov process optimization land-use structure, and based on the land type and characteristics, by floating changing, increasing or decreasing, land exploitation structure was adjusted to meet the need of low-carbon mine land exploitation.
基金Supported by National Soil Testing and Fertilizer Recommendation Project
文摘Using the evaluation indicator system for arable land fertility in Suiping County,this paper analyzes some factors influencing agricultural production,such as physical and chemical properties of soil,site conditions,soil management,and soil nutrients concerning various types of low-yielding fields in the county. In accordance with the dominant soil constraint factors and main direction of improvement,the lowyielding fields in the county are divided into four types: irrigation improvement type,waterlogging drainage type,barren soil fertilization and barrier layer type. Finally this paper offers specific guidance on the construction of arable land.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41401198)Soft Science Research Program in Sichuan Province,China(No.2015ZR0121)Scientific Research Project of Land and Resources Department of Sichuan Province,China(No.KJ-2015-5)
文摘Low-slope hilly land( LSHL) refers to regions with relatively lower altitude,smaller topographic changes and gentler slopes. Exploitation and utilization of such areas is acting as an efficient approach to release the intensity in land utilization for mountainous areas in China, and needs further study. By summarizing related domestic concepts regarding LSHL,and taking Lu County of Sichuan province as the sample,this paper defined the scope of LSHL and extracted a total coverage of 331. 71 km2 LSHL.Then based on the landscape ecological security patterns theory,we have established the landscape ecological security pattern of Lu County by the minimum cumulative resistance model,targeting to achieve ecological land protection. Moreover,LSHL of different landscape security levels is further classified through overlay analysis on the current utilization status of the LSHL. The LSHL is classified into four categories, including prioritized development type,moderate development type, limited development type and prohibited development type. Their scopes of areas are 108. 72,97. 03,68. 36 and 57. 60 km2 respectively. In addition,respective land utilization and exploitation plan for LSHL are proposed according to the analysis of characteristics of each type. The result has provided scientific references for the definition,establishment of landscape ecological security pattern as well as the appropriate exploitation and utilization of the LSHL.
文摘受登陆北上台风“利奇马”等影响,2019年8月9~12日山东省出现连续暴雨,其中10日夜间出现降雨峰值。利用中国气象局上海台风研究所(Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration,简称CMA-STI)热带气旋最佳路径数据、山东省自动气象站逐时降雨量、常规观测资料、中国风云二号地球静止气象卫星(FY-2G)0.1°×0.1°逐小时云顶相当黑体亮温和美国环境预报中心(National Center of Environmental Prediction,简称NCEP)1°×1°逐6 h再分析等资料,主要运用纬向风局地变化方程与大气动能方程,诊断分析降雨明显增幅与高、低层风场变化的关系。结果表明:(1)暴雨主要影响系统有高低空急流、500 hPa西风槽、850 hPa台风倒槽及“利奇马”本体环流等。10日200 hPa中纬度大尺度西南风急流东南移影响鲁西北,当天08:00(北京时,下同)850 hPa因双台风活动而形成的大尺度东南风急流突然北伸越过山东省。台风倒槽对流云与本体环流对流云先、后北移经鲁中,累积效应造成该地区10日夜间雨量最大。(2)10日20:00850 hPa章丘站东北侧出现了过程最快东风增幅,纬向运动方程诊断结果表明,东风平流是东风增加最主要原因,地转偏向力项则不利于东风增加。(3)10日20:00章丘站200 hPa西南风风力明显加大形成急流,10日08:00至11日08:00青岛站850 hPa维持东南风低空急流。同时位于高空急流右后侧与低空急流左前方是鲁中附近10日夜间降雨增幅的重要原因。章丘200 hPa与青岛850 hPa都是在最大风力之前12 h动能增加最快。动能方程诊断表明,最有利于鲁西北高空急流形成的是位能平流项,最有利于鲁东南低空急流形成的是动能垂直通量散度项。(4)10日20:00至13日08:00“利奇马”本体环流一直在影响山东,暴雨期间山东中部地形的动力作用也一直存在,而降雨的峰值是出现在10日夜间,说明10日20:00前后高、低空急流的耦合可能是山东暴雨增幅的主要影响因子。其主要作用至少有加强山东中部的垂直运动、整层水汽输送与静力不稳定度等方面。