Low-carbon technology innovation responding to climate change from the perspective of spatial spillover effects

China's technological efforts to tackle climate change have lasted for many years. It is necessary to test the effect of these efforts with quantitative method. To be exact, whether and how China's low-carbon technology innovation responds to climate change should be tested. Based on the2004-2015 panel data of 30 provinces in China, we use the method of ESDA analyzing the spatial correlation of China's low-carbon innovation technology. Furthermore, we use the spatial Durbin model empirically analyzing the spatial spillover effects. The results obtained are as follows: first,supply and demand of Chinese low-carbon innovation has some deviation in the spatial distribution. The low-carbon technology innovation as the supply factor shows the characteristics of expanding from the east to the west. Innovation in eastern China has always been the most active, but innovative activities in the middle and western China are gradually decreased.However, carbon emissions have the characteristics of moving westward, implying the change of technology demand different from technology supply. Second, China's low-carbon innovation actively responds to the trend of climate change, indicating China's technological efforts have paid off. However, the spatial spillover effects are not significant, showing that the efforts in each region of China still work for himself. Third, environmental regulation and market pull are important factors for low-carbon technology innovation. Among them, both supporting policy and inhibitory policy have significant impact on the local low-carbon technology innovation, but no significant spatial spillover effects. It shows that environmental policies in different regions are competitive and lack of demonstration effects. Economic growth and export as market pull have higher level of effect on low-carbon technology innovation for both local and adjacent areas.Some policy implications are proposed based on these results finally.

Discussion on the Construction of low-carbon electricity technology innovation system

With the issue of climate change increasingly restricting the sustainable development of society, people must realize that we must control atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases at a certain level. However, the traditional model of economic development will lead to human demand for energy continuing to grow, followed by a growth in emissions of carbon dioxide. Obviously we must ensure that there is rapid economic development, but also to protect the human living environment, which is a very sharp contradiction. A good solution to this conflict is to take a new model of development --- a low-carbon economy. The so-called low-carbon economy refers to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the application of new technologies, new materials and new practices, etc., through improvements, optimization or innovative production and business activities, to achieve the maximum degree of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and the formation of a new economic development model, the goal is to mitigate climate change and promote sustainable human development. On how to develop a low-carbon economy, domestic and foreign scholars have been studied from many angles, one of which is a consensus to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the development and use of low-carbon technologies.

Research on the Development of Low-carbon Industry Based on Technological Innovation Mechanism:A Case Study of Ethnic Regions

Technological innovation and technological innovation system were introduced firstly,and then low-carbon economy and low-carbon industry were analyzed. Finally,the SWOT analysis of development of low-carbon industry in ethnic areas of China was conducted,and the innovation mechanism and path selection for the development of low-carbon industry in ethnic areas were analyzed.

Research on the Low-carbon-high-value Agriculture Technology in the Comprehensive Improvement of Intra-county Environment Pollution——Taking the Development of Cultivation and Breeding Industry in the Ecological Cyclic Agricultural Garden in Shaoshan Irri

The comprehensive improvement strategy of intra-county environment pollution in the city and countryside was searched.By the research method which combined the microscopic view,the macroscopic view with the dynamic perspective,the seriousness of rural water quality,soil and atmospheric pollution in Xiangxiang,Xiangtan and the surrounding areas in Shaoshan irrigated area was revealed.The control measure which was 'four-dimensional pollution in the city and countryside'—— low-carbon-high-value agriculture and the technology innovation was proposed.The low-carbon-high-value technology innovation industrialization demonstration in three parts which included the pre-production,mid-production and post-production deep-processing of cultivation and breeding industry in the ecological cyclic agricultural garden in Shaoshan irrigated area was the driving force.We tried to propel the low-carbon ecological cultivation and breeding industry which included the paddy rice,grass,tree,medicinal herbs and pig,cow,chick,duck,fish.We wanted to relieve the structural unbalance of previous cultivation and breeding industry,'cheap grain hurting the farmers' and the short-leg problem of social-economic-ecological benefit.The results showed that the low-carbon-high-value agricultural system was a poly-generation technology system which promoted the multi-level and grading utilization,saved the energy,reduced the consumption and cleaned the production based on the ecology.

The view of technological innovation in coal industry under the vision of carbon neutralization

This paper analyzed the current situation and development trends of energy consumption and carbon emissions,and the current situation and development trend of coal consumption in China.In the context of recently established carbon peak and carbon neutralization targets,this paper put forward the main problems associated with the green and low-carbon development and utilization of coal.Five key technological innovation directions in mining were proposed,including green coal development,intelligent and efficient mining,low-carbon utilization and conversion of coal,energy conservation and emission reduction,carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS).Focusing on the above technological innovation directions,it is suggested to carry out three basic theories,including the theory of green efficient intelligent mining,clean and low-carbon utilization and transformation of coal,and CCUS.Meanwhile,it is proposed to develop 12 key technologies,including green coal mining and ecological environment protection,efficient coal mining and intelligent mine construction,key technologies and equipment for efficient coal processing,underground coal gasification and mining,ultra-high parameter and ultra-supercritical power generation technology,intelligent and flexible coal-fired power generation technology,new power cycle coal-fired power generation technology,the development of coal-based special fuels,coal-based bulk and specialty chemicals,energy conservation and consumption reduction,large-scale and low-cost carbon capture,CO_(2) utilization and storage.Finally,necessary measures from the governmental perspective were also proposed.

Exploring the effect of a low-carbon city pilot policies on carbon dioxide emission intensity:Based on the PSM-DID method

In 2010,the National Development and Reform Commission launched the low-carbon city(LCC)pilot pro‐gram.The scope of the pilot program was then gradually expanded to address the dilemma concerning eco‐nomic development and low-carbon transition.Selecting the second batch of LCCs in China,this study uses a combination of propensity score matching and difference-in-differences models to determine the effect of LCC pilot policies on CO_(2) emission intensity.We also used the mediation effect model to further investigate its in‐ternal mechanism.The findings of the study are as follows.First,the LCC pilot policy plays an important role in reducing carbon emissions.Second,LCC pilots policies reduce CO_(2) emissions through intermediary paths of output adjustment and technological innovation.Third,our heterogeneity analysis reveals that cities with higher levels of economic growth and better levels of human capital have superior carbon emission reduction effects;lastly,non-resource-based cities have better carbon emission reduction effects.

基于Derwent Innovation专利的碳中和技术热点与前沿趋势

为捕捉碳中和技术的发展热点,从Derwent Innovation获取碳中和技术相关专利,借助ITGInsight工具,分析碳中和技术的时间和空间发展特征并追踪热点技术。结果表明:我国碳中和技术专利申请量世界第一,在近两年出现爆发式增长,但尖端技术领域稍有逊色;我国与美国、日本有很强的技术关联;化工技术和多领域交叉技术是碳中和目标的关键发力点和重要实现路径。同时,烟气、一氧化碳、碳酸钙、节能、电能和低成本等成为当前重点研究主题,当前碳中和技术热点更集中于化工和交叉领域,立足我国国情,化工工艺的催化技术、液态阳光技术、碳捕集技术、电力的“源-网-荷-储”协同技术、CCUS与水泥钢铁耦合减排技术、风电光伏的大规模消纳与氢能耦合技术将是未来碳中和技术发展的重中之重。基于以上结论,对未来碳中和技术的发展提出了建议。

The role of technological innovation,carbon finance,green energy,environmental awareness and urbanization towards carbon neutrality:Evidence from novel CUP-FM CUP-BC estimations

After COP21,various economies start putting efforts to fulfill the pledge and achieve carbon neutrality.By doing so,scholars highlight several essential factors that can curb carbon emissions.In this lieu,the current study analyzes the role of technological innovation,carbon finance,environmental awareness,urbanization,and green energy like renewable energy consumption(REC)and renewable energy output(REO)on carbon neutrality in E7 countries covering the time span of 2006-2020.By employing CUP-FM and CUP-BC,it is revealed that technological innovation,carbon finance,environmental awareness,urbanization,REC,and REO have a positive connection with carbon neutrality in E7 countries.The study provides guidelines to the policymakers in developing policies regarding to obtain carbon neutrality using technological innovation,carbon finance,environmental awareness,and green energy.

What role do emission trading schemes,energy innovation,and technology transfer play in sustainable recovery?A perspective from BRICS economies

To ensure long-run sustainability,it is imperative to achieve the goal of zero-carbon emissions without compromising economic growth.Identifying whether BRICS economies,which are an attractive set of countries due to their rapid economic growth and high emissions,can shift towards sustainability with the support of policy measures,is a question which needs to be addressed.This article investigates the impact of emission trading schemes,energy innovation,technology transfer,population growth,and inflation on the economic performance of BRICS economies(2001-2020).The outcomes of the CS-ARDL and PMG estimators reveal that carbon taxes,carbon finance,energy innovation,technology transfer,population growth,and inflation have positive effects on economic performance.In light of the evidence,policy insights are recommended to achieve a win-win situation for economic and environmental performance.

Digital Transformation and Green Technology Innovation in Manufacturing Enterprises: A Study Based on Big Data Text Mining

Digital transformation serves as a new driving force and engine for enterprise innovation.Meanwhile,the national strategy of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality has set new goals and requirements for the green development of the Chinese manufacturing industry.From the three-dimensional perspective of"strategy-resource-institution,"this paper explores the impact and mechanism of digital transformation on green technology innovation of Chinese manufacturing enterprises and the heterogeneous impact of the institutional logic of ownership structure.Using a sample of 1,016 A-share listed manufacturing companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2011 to 2019 and based on big data text mining and a negative binomial regression model,this study finds that:(1)Digital strategy significantly enhances green technology innovation capability of enterprises;(2)digital resource investment partially mediates the effect of digital strategy on the enhancement of green technology innovation capability;and(3)the ownership structure of enterprises plays a moderating role in the mediating relationship mentioned above.Specifically,compared to state-owned enterprises(SOEs),non-state-owned enterprises(NsOEs)show no significant difference in the stages where digital strategy promotes green technology innovation and guides digital resource investment.However,they demonstrate higher efficiency in transforming digital resource investment into green technology innovation.The robustness test indicates that the significant effect of digital strategy and resource investment on green technology innovation in enterprises remains valid in the medium term,with a continuous enabling effect.There is no significant difference between SOEs and NsOEs in the medium and long term in promoting green technology innovation through digital transformation.Further,introducing keyword text networks to explore the structural impact of digital strategy,this study finds that digital product and manufacturing strategy are adequate strategic dimensions to enhance green technology innovation capability,and digital financial strategy and digital marketing strategy have no direct promoting effect on green technology innovation of enterprises.From the perspectives of strategies,resources,and institutions,the research findings elucidate the process mechanisms of digital acceleration in the green transformation of manufacturing and the heterogeneous effect of ownership structure and provide critical theoretical insights into the role mechanisms and contextual factors of digitalization on green innovation in manufacturing enterprises.Moreover,this study offers scientific decision-making support for incentivizing the manufacturing industry to seize the opportunities of industrial digitalization and accelerate carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Reduction effect of carbon emission and optimisation path of green finance

Under the background of"dual-carbon",green finance is an important way to promote carbon emission reduction and realize the development of a low-carbon economy.Using provincial panel data from 2000 to 2020,this paper constructs a basic regression model to study the"carbon reduction"effect,mechanism of action,and heterogeneity of green finance.The study finds that:the development of green finance significantly inhibits carbon emissions and has an obvious"carbon reduction"effect;green technology innovation has a mediating effect on the carbon emission reduction effect of green finance;in regions with a high level of economic development or a high degree of marketization,the"carbon reduction"effect of green finance is significant.

The role of green industrial transformation in mitigating carbon emissions:Exploring the channels of technological innovation and environmental regulation

The industrial sector is vital to economic progress,yet industrial pollution poses environmental and economic concerns.The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of green industrial transformation in re-ducing Pakistan’s carbon intensity between 1975 and 2020.Carbon emissions are considered an endogenous construct,while foreign direct investment(FDI)inflows,technological innovation,green industrial transforma-tion,environmental legislation,and research and development(R&D)investment are possible mediators.The association between variables is assessed using the robust least-squares approach.Green industrial transforma-tion is connected with lower carbon emissions,yet technical innovation,R&D investment,and inbound FDI raise a country’s carbon emissions.The findings support the pollution haven hypothesis in a country.The causality esti-mates indicate that inward FDI contributes to environmental regulations;green industrial transformation directly relates to inbound FDI and R&D expenditures;and technological innovations correspond to inbound FDI,R&D ex-penditures,industrial ecofriendly progression,and environmental standards.According to the impulse response function,environmental policies are anticipated to have a differential effect on carbon emissions in 2023,2024,2028-2030,while they are likely to decrease in the years 2025-2027 and 2031 forward.Additionally,inward FDI and technology advancements would almost certainly result in a rise in carbon emissions over time.Green industrial transitions are projected to result in a ten-year reduction in carbon emissions.The variance decomposi-tion analysis indicates that eco-friendly industrial adaptations would likely have the largest variance error shock on carbon emissions(11.747%),followed by inbound FDI,technological advancements,and regulatory changes,with R&D spending having a minimal impact over time.Pakistan’s economy should foster a green industrial revolution to avoid pollution and increase environmental sustainability to meet its environmental goals.

Scientific and technological innovations of wastewater treatment in China

The“dual-carbon”strategy promotes the development of the wastewater treatment sector and is an important tool for leading science and technology innovations.Based on the global climate change and the new policies introduced by China,this paper described the new needs for the development of wastewater treatment science and technology.It offered a retrospective analysis of the historical trajectory of scientific and technological advancements in this field.Utilizing bibliometrics,it delineated the research hotspots within wastewater treatment,notably highlighting materials genomics,artificial intelligence,and synthetic biology.Furthermore,it posited that,in the future,the field of wastewater treatment should follow the paths of technological innovations with multi-dimensional needs,such as carbon reduction,pollution reduction,health,standardisation,and intellectualisation.The purpose of this paper was to provide references and suggestions for scientific and technological innovations in the field of wastewater treatment,and to contribute to the common endeavor of moving toward a Pollution-Free Planet.

Green manufacturing for achieving carbon neutrality goal requires innovative technologies:A bibliometric analysis from 1991 to 2022

Recent years have seen a significant increase in interest in green manufacturing as a key driver of global carbon-neutral efforts and sustainable development.To find the research hotspots of green manufacturing and reveal future research trends,this study reviewed and analyzed research articles from the Web of Science database on green manufacturing from1991 to 2022 using a bibliometric method.The findings indicate a significant rise in the number of articles related to green manufacturing since the 2010s.Moreover,there has been an increase in the involvement of scholars from developing countries such as China and India in this field.Based on the literature review and bibliometric cluster analysis on green manufacturing,we believed that future research may continue following the lines of intelligent technology integration,adoption of frontier engineering techniques,and industry development in line with carbon reduction targets.A framework for future green manufacturing development is proposed,with a focus on Chinese policies.The framework could provide policy implications for developing countries looking to pursue opportunities for development in green manufacturing.

碳排放权交易对建筑业绿色发展水平的影响

“双碳”目标下,碳排放权交易政策作为市场激励型环境规制的重要手段,对各行业的低碳发展有着重要意义。基于2007—2021年中国各省份、直辖市的面板数据,采用多期双重差分法实证分析了碳排放权交易政策对建筑业绿色发展水平的影响。结果表明:实施碳排放权交易政策可显著提升建筑业绿色发展水平,这一提升可通过技术创新、建筑业能源结构转型等作用机制实现,其中介效应值为0.015和0.046。鉴于此,需建立更完善的碳排放权交易体系、更明确的交易规则和市场机制,以实现建筑业绿色发展。

Earth energy evolution, human development and carbon neutral strategy

Energy is the basis of human development and the impetus of society progress. There are three sources of energy: energy of celestial body outside the Earth, the Earth energy and energy of interaction between the Earth and other celestial bodies. Meanwhile, there are three scales of co-evolution: the evolution of the Sun-Earth-Moon system on an ultra-long time scale has provided energy sources and extra-terrestrial environmental conditions for the formation of the Earth system;the evolution of the Earth system on a long time scale has provided the material preconditions such as energy resources and suitable sphere environment for life birth and the human development;on a short time scale, the development of human civilization makes the human circle break through the Earth system, expanding the extraterrestrial civilization. With the co-evolution, there are three processes in the carbon cycle: inorganic carbon cycle, short-term organic carbon cycle and long-term organic carbon cycle, which records human immoderate utilization of fossil energy and global sphere reforming activities, breaking the natural balance and closed-loop path of the carbon cycle of the Earth, causing the increase of greenhouse gases and global climate change, affecting human happiness and development. The energy transition is inevitable, and carbon neutrality must be realized. Building the green energy community is a fundamental measure to create the new energy system under carbon neutrality target. China is speeding up its energy revolution and developing a powerful energy nation. It is necessary to secure the cornerstone of the supply of fossil energy and forge a strong growing pole for green and sustainable development of new energy. China energy production and consumption structure will make a revolutionary transformation from the type of fossil energy domination to the type of new energy domination, depending on a high-level self-reliance of science and technology and a high-quality green energy system of cleaning, low-carbon, safety, efficiency and independence. Energy development has three major trends: low-carbon fossil energy, large-scale new energy and intelligent energy system, relying on the green innovation, contributing the green energy and constructing the green homeland.

How does government environmental regulation "unlock" carbon emission effect?——evidence from China

The disordered emission of carbon dioxide is an important sign of market failure, making it a must to "unlock" the high emission effect of carbon dioxide by effective means. From the perspective of technological innovation, on the basis of the data of time series from 1985 to 2014 in Beijing, China,this article empirically analyzed the relationship between environmental regulation and carbon emissions through VAR model, impulse response function, and variance decomposition. It is concluded that in a short term, environmental regulation has an inhibitory effect on carbon emissions and technological innovation and has a positive effect on industrial structure. In a long term,environmental regulation can enhance the technological innovation and reduce the effect of carbon emissions, which may even eliminate it. Generally, environmental regulation and technological innovation have a greater impact on carbon dioxide emissions, while the industrial structure has a relatively small effect. Finally, the targeted countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.

Does enterprise digitization reduce carbon emissions? Evidence from China

The digital transformation and expansion of businesses will provide China’s low-carbon economic develop‐ment strategy with fresh impetus in the backdrop of the emerging digital economy and environmentally friendly growth.This article measures the level of enterprise digitization using two methods:the enterprise digitization index and text analysis word frequency statistics.Additionally,carbon emissions are obtained by measuring various types of emissions according to the carbon emission classification range standard.To ac‐count for endogeneity and unobservable variables,relative indicators,such as the rate of increase for company emissions of carbon,are utilized.Using microdata from Chinese listed firms from 2011 to 2021,this study ex‐amines the implications of corporate digitization on enterprise carbon emissions.This study further analyzes the transmission mechanism and investigates the function of green finance in controlling corporate digitiza‐tion and reducing corporate carbon emissions by distinguishing between two types of green patents.Research shows that businesses’carbon emissions are greatly reduced as a consequence of getting digital.Even after performing several robustness and endogeneity tests,the conclusion still remains valid.According to mecha‐nism analysis,which demonstrates that the main strategy for reducing corporate emissions of carbon through the digitalization of enterprises is to promote innovation in green technology.The regulation of green finance in enterprise digitalization will further reduce corporate carbon emissions.According to the analysis of hetero‐geneity,state-owned businesses and those situated in areas with stringent environmental regulations are more significantly impacted by enterprise digitization on corporate carbon emissions.This article discusses the mechanism of promoting corporate carbon emissions through digitalization,expands on relevant research on corporate digitalization,and analyzes the achievable paths of corporate digitalization and low-carbon develop‐ment strategies.

Green Technology Innovation under China's New Development Concept:The Effects of Policy-Push and Demand-Pull on Renewable Energy Innovation

Green technology innovation meets the dual expectation of innovative development and green development perspectives.Under the canonical demand-pull and policy-push theories,a long-term mechanism for green technology innovation could be formed through upstream policy push and downstream demand-pull.Leveraging China's regional carbon emission trading scheme pilots as a quasi-natural experiment,this paper examines the policy-push and demand-pull effects on innovation in renewable energy patents.The data pertain to the city-level renewable energy patents from 2000 to 2020.Based upon the triple difference-in-difference method,results suggest that both policy-push and demandpull factors exert positive effects on innovation.This paper further explores the practical and theoretical implications of green technology innovation under the new development perspective.

碳中和背景下我国固废资源化利用产业发展研究

固废资源化利用可以节约大量的资源和能源,具有循环利用、节能减碳的优势,对于推动加快形成绿色低碳生产方式和生活方式、实现“双碳”战略目标、促进美丽中国建设具有重要意义。本文结合典型案例分析,梳理了国内外固废资源化利用产业的发展现状,分析了我国固废资源化利用产业在产业化进程、资金投入、技术创新等方面存在的主要问题。在此基础上,提出了我国固废资源化利用产业的发展建议,推动产业化进程,促进“产业链、创新链、人才链、资金链”融合赋能;加大激励支持力度,夯实金融保障基础;打造科创资源高地,强化项目示范引领;集聚人才优势,搭建高水平合作平台,全面推进固废资源化利用产业的高质量发展。