Due to the inherent nature of being highly digitalized,networked and intelligent,Unmanned Aerial System(UAS)operations pose a huge challenge to traditional aviation regulation and technical systems.How to keep safe,ef...Due to the inherent nature of being highly digitalized,networked and intelligent,Unmanned Aerial System(UAS)operations pose a huge challenge to traditional aviation regulation and technical systems.How to keep safe,efficient and integrated operation for different Airspace users has become a pressing issue faced by civil aviation around the world.This paper focuses on the main operational scenarios and characteristics of unmanned aviation development in China.New operational characteristics and associated challenges due to diverse low-altitude users are analyzed,including operation concepts,UAS traffic management,technological test and verification,and standards.Drawing light on the practices in Europe and the United States,this paper summarizes China's practices and progress in low-altitude operations management,and analyzes future technological development needs and trends,as well as feasible implementation pathways and measures based on actual needs.展开更多
Urban air mobility(UAM)is an emerging concept proposed in recent years that uses electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles(eVTOLs).UAM is expected to offer an alternative way of transporting passengers and goods ...Urban air mobility(UAM)is an emerging concept proposed in recent years that uses electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles(eVTOLs).UAM is expected to offer an alternative way of transporting passengers and goods in urban areas with significantly improved mobility by making use of low-altitude airspace.In addition to other essential elements,ground infrastructure of vertiports is needed to transition UAM from concept to operation.This study examines the network design of UAM on-demand service,with a particular focus on the use of integer programming and a solution algorithm to determine the optimal locations of vertiports,user allocation to vertiports,and vertiport access-and egress-mode choices while considering the interactions between vertiport locations and potential UAM travel demand.A case study based on simulated disaggregate travel demand data of the Tampa Bay area in Florida,USA was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.Candidate vertiport locations were obtained by analyzing a three-dimensional(3D)geographic information system(GIS)map developed from lidar data of Florida and physical and regulation constraints of eVTOL operations at vertiports.Optimal locations of vertiports were determined to achieve the minimal total generalized cost;however,the modeling structure allows each user to select a better mode between ground transportation and UAM in terms of generalized cost.The outcomes of the case study reveal that although the percentage of trips that switched from ground mode to multimodal UAM was small,users choosing the UAM service benefited from significant time saving.In addition,the impact of different parameter settings on the demand for UAM service was explored from the supply side,and different pricing strategies were tested that might influence potential demand and revenue generation for UAM operators.The combined effects of the number of vertiports and pricing strategies were also analyzed.The findings from this study offer in-depth planning and managerial insights for municipal decision-makers and UAM operators.The conclusion of this paper discusses caveats to the study,ongoing efforts by the authors,and future directions in UAM research.展开更多
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U1933130)research and demonstration of key technologies for the air-ground collaborative and smart operation of general aviation(No.2022C01055)。
文摘Due to the inherent nature of being highly digitalized,networked and intelligent,Unmanned Aerial System(UAS)operations pose a huge challenge to traditional aviation regulation and technical systems.How to keep safe,efficient and integrated operation for different Airspace users has become a pressing issue faced by civil aviation around the world.This paper focuses on the main operational scenarios and characteristics of unmanned aviation development in China.New operational characteristics and associated challenges due to diverse low-altitude users are analyzed,including operation concepts,UAS traffic management,technological test and verification,and standards.Drawing light on the practices in Europe and the United States,this paper summarizes China's practices and progress in low-altitude operations management,and analyzes future technological development needs and trends,as well as feasible implementation pathways and measures based on actual needs.
文摘Urban air mobility(UAM)is an emerging concept proposed in recent years that uses electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles(eVTOLs).UAM is expected to offer an alternative way of transporting passengers and goods in urban areas with significantly improved mobility by making use of low-altitude airspace.In addition to other essential elements,ground infrastructure of vertiports is needed to transition UAM from concept to operation.This study examines the network design of UAM on-demand service,with a particular focus on the use of integer programming and a solution algorithm to determine the optimal locations of vertiports,user allocation to vertiports,and vertiport access-and egress-mode choices while considering the interactions between vertiport locations and potential UAM travel demand.A case study based on simulated disaggregate travel demand data of the Tampa Bay area in Florida,USA was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.Candidate vertiport locations were obtained by analyzing a three-dimensional(3D)geographic information system(GIS)map developed from lidar data of Florida and physical and regulation constraints of eVTOL operations at vertiports.Optimal locations of vertiports were determined to achieve the minimal total generalized cost;however,the modeling structure allows each user to select a better mode between ground transportation and UAM in terms of generalized cost.The outcomes of the case study reveal that although the percentage of trips that switched from ground mode to multimodal UAM was small,users choosing the UAM service benefited from significant time saving.In addition,the impact of different parameter settings on the demand for UAM service was explored from the supply side,and different pricing strategies were tested that might influence potential demand and revenue generation for UAM operators.The combined effects of the number of vertiports and pricing strategies were also analyzed.The findings from this study offer in-depth planning and managerial insights for municipal decision-makers and UAM operators.The conclusion of this paper discusses caveats to the study,ongoing efforts by the authors,and future directions in UAM research.
