A Mechanism for Digital Finance to Drive Green and Low-Carbon Development

Given the global focus on green and low-carbon development and the increasing prominence of digital finance,it is particularly important to explore how to leverage digital finance to achieve these environmental goals.This study,through mechanism analysis,deeply examines how China’s digital finance promotes green and low-carbon development and elucidates the positive interaction between digital finance and the green industry.The study found that digital finance,through more flexible and efficient financial functions,alters the cost structure of carbon emissions,and reduces the risks and costs of green investments,thereby creating a cooperative green mechanism benefiting all parties,and guiding social groups toward a green and low-carbon transformation.Additionally,the rapid development of digital finance has strengthened the implementation of environmental protection policies,effectively promoted the expansion of the environmental protection industry,and established the green ethos as a mainstream concept in financial development.This study aims to provide reference perspectives and suggestions,assist policymakers in promoting the green and lowcarbon development of digital finance,and offer insights into the integrated development of digital finance and the green environmental protection industry.

The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth and the development strategy of a low-carbon economy in Kazakhstan

Fossil energy is the material basis of human survival, economic development and social progress. The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth is becoming increasingly close. However, energy consumption is the major source of greenhouse gases, which can significantly affect the balance of the global ecosystem. It has become the common goal of countries worldwide to address climate change, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and implement sustainable development strategies. In this study, we applied an approximate relationship analysis, a decoupling relationship analysis, and a trend analysis to explore the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth using data from Kazakhstan for the period of 1993-2010. The results demonstrated： （1） the total energy consumption and GDP in Kazakhstan showed a ＂U＂-type curve from 1993 to 2010. This curve was observed because 1993-1999 was a period during which Kazakhstan transitioned from a republic to an independent country and experienced a difficult transition from a planned to a market economy. Then, the economic system became more stable and the industrial production increased rapidly because of the effective financial, monetary and industrial policy support from 2000 to 2010. （2） The relationships between energy con- sumption and carbon emissions, economic growth and energy exports were linked; the carbon emissions were mainly derived from energy consumption, and the dependence of economic growth on energy exports gradually increased from 1993 to 2010. Before 2000, the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth was in a recessional decoupling state because of the economic recession. After 2000, this relationship was in strong and weak decoupling states because the international crude oil prices rose and energy exports increased greatly year by year. （3） It is forecasted that Kazakhstan cannot achieve its goal of energy consumption by 2020. Therefore, a low-carbon economy is the best strategic choice to address climate change from a global perspective in Kazakhstan. Thus, we proposed strategies including the improvement of the energy consumption structure, the development of new energy and renewable energy, the use of cleaner production technologies, the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure, and the expansion of forest areas.

Impact of the green credit policy on external financing,economic growth and energy consumption of the manufacturing industry

China attempts to achieve energy conservation,emission reduction and environmental protection through the implementation of the green credit policy,but its implementation impact is still controversial.An important content of the green credit policy is to require banking and financial institutions to tighten the credit exposure of industries of‘high pollution and high energy consumption’and industries with overcapacity,so as to use economic leverage to curb their blind expansion and reduce energy consumption by controlling external financing.This paper examined the impact and the lingering effects of the green credit policy on external financing,economic growth and energy consumption in the manufacturing industry,which was most influenced by the green credit policy,from 2003 to 2016 by using the DID method.Furthermore,this paper estimated the dynamic endogenous relationships among external financing,economic growth and energy consumption with two-step system GMM model to investigate the influential path of the green credit policy.The results showed that:the green credit policy had a significant negative impact on the external financing of manufacturing industry,but its negative impact on the economic growth and energy consumption of manufacturing industry was not statistically significant,and the effect of the green credit policy had a dynamic feature of weakening with time.Additionally,in the manufacturing industry,there was a bilateral causal relationship between the energy consumption and economic growth of the control group industry and the processing group industry.There was a bilateral causal relationship between the economic growth and external financing of the control group industries in the manufacturing industry.There was a unilateral causal relationship between the economic growth and external financing of the processing group industries in the manufacturing industry,while the external causality existed between the control group industries and the processing group industries in the manufacturing industry.The causal relationship between the financing and energy consumption was not statistically significant.At present,the transmission path of the green credit policy is that the green credit policy controls external financing,then affects economic growth and ultimately inhibits energy consumption,but the effectiveness of the path is not statistically significant.The conclusion of this paper provides policy reference and scientific basis for the adjustment and improvement of green credit.

Quantitative evaluation of the green production and consumption policies in China

Dual control of energy consumption is an effective method proposed in China to launch and deepen the transition in energy use.It has obtained favorable results;however,the resource consumption and pollution emissions per unit of Gross Domestic Product(GDP)remain high.This article quantitatively studies the current policies’effects to promote the advancement of dual control of energy consumption and develop future policies.Green production and consumption policies promote the development of dual control of energy consumption;therefore,this paper examines these policies through text mining and a quantitative evaluation system.The results suggest strong state demand for developing green production and consumption and the necessity for scientific evaluation;however,the state’s focus on the relevant policy tools is imbalanced.Constraint policy tools have the highest proportion of restricting pollutant emissions but lack comprehensiveness.Incentive and guidance policy tools have the problems of poor targets and low volume.Additionally,by constructing policy modeling consistency(PMC)index models for evaluating green production and consumption policies,six selected policies indicate solid performance,but some still have problems regarding policy timeframe,policy function,and green process.Based on the conclusions,this paper provides some targeted recommendations.

Changing Energy Consumption Behaviour: Individuals' Responsibility and Government Role

Renewable energy is clearly a very important topic nowadays. The risk and the damage that could be caused by conventional energy resources cannot be hidden. There is an enormous need that people start formulating a better attitude towards renewable energy and change their consumption behaviour. Otherwise, the future of environment and the coming generations is defiantly not going to be promising. This paper will discuss the importance of sustainable energy and how the energy related behaviour is created. It will present a framework to influence the current behaviour and push it to be more green oriented. It is also important to know till what limit are governments responsible in this change, and what are the tools that they have to push towards green direction.

Study on Relation between Energy Consumption and Climate Change in China

[Objective] The research aimed to study relation between energy consumption and climate change in China. [Method] Climate change characteristics from 1951 to 2009 in China were summarized. Economic and social developments in China in recent 50 years were analyzed from production and consumption amounts of the energy, energy source composition and energy consumption of the GDP （ten-thousand yuan）. Influences of the energy consumption and economic development on climate change were discussed. [ Result] Annual average temperature of China in- creased obviously from 1951 to 2009, and regional difference was distinct. Increasing trend of the temperature in the north of 35° N was bigger than that in the south. Increasing trend of the temperature in northeast China and Inner Mongolia reached 0.04 ℃/a. The average temperature from 1981 to 2009 was higher than that from 1951 to 1980, and the biggest difference value was more than 2.0 ℃. Mutation of Chinese energy produc- tion and consumption happened in 1985, but average temperature of China had an obvious mutation in 1989, showing temperature mutation lagged behind energy production and consumption mutation. Energy consumption of the GDP （ten-thousand yuan） decreased evidently from 1978 to 1997. Beginning from 1998, the decreasing pace slowed down markedly, and there was a rebound in 2003. Chinese new energy amount was increasing year by year. Because the total energy consumption amount was also increasing, new energy proportion had been maintained about one quarter. The energy consumption increasing model with energy consumption coefficient and the model without energy consumption coefficient were set up in this paper. It was found that Chinese energy structure changed a little after considering energy consumption coefficient. Proportion of the coal de- creased, while proportions of the oil, natural gas and electric power increased. Temperature changing trend was consistent with that of the economic development and energy consumption. Change trend of the average temperature basically presented good positive correlation with effective energy consumption amount, and the maximum correlation coefficient was 80%. [ Conclusion] The research proved the importance of developing clean ＆ efficient energy and carrying out low-carbon economy to relieve climate change of China. It was urgent to carry out low-carbon economy and transform economic growth manner.

Green and Low-carbon Development Strategy for Large Energy Enterprises

Green and low-carbon development is the critical countermeasure to cope with climate change and to promote energy production and consumption revolution.China National Offshore Oil Corporation(“CNOOC”)has thoroughly implemented the requirements of the country’s ecological civilisation construction,highlighting the mission and responsibility of large central energy enterprises.Combined with the characteristics of its industry,CNOOC put forward a green low-carbon development strategy.CNOOC has put into practice the concept and practice of green and lowcarbon development by optimising the design of management systems,innovating energy conservation and emission reduction management and practice,promoting the construction of a green manufacturing system,and strengthening the supply of low-carbon clean energy.The main path and direction of the follow-up of the sustainable development are clearly defined.These practices provide a useful reference for promoting the transformation of China’s economic development mode to being more green and low-carbon,constructing an ecological civilization and development that is sustainable.

Analysis on Green Accounting Information Disclosure of Chemical Enterprises Under Low-Carbon Economy

In the current era of low-carbon economy,environmental governance and energy conservation have become major issues,in which chemical enterprises with high pollution and consumption have naturally attracted much attention.The disclosure of green accounting information is indispensable to the continuous development of chemical enterprises and even the whole society.Therefore,based on existing research results,this paper analyzes the existing problems and causes of green accounting information disclosure of chemical enterprises in China under low-carbon economy,and puts forward suggestions for solutions.

空气质量改善能缩小城乡居民消费差距吗?——兼论绿色发展对共同富裕的促进作用

厘清空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用,有助于理解中国式现代化进程中绿色发展与共同富裕目标的协同推进。从医疗和防御性支出、规避行为以及劳动生产率等视角阐释了空气质量影响城乡居民消费差距的理论机制,并使用2005—2020年中国省际面板数据对其影响作用进行了实证检验。研究发现:空气质量改善会显著缩小城乡居民消费差距,这一结论在使用逆温天数作为工具变量进行内生性处理,以及更换空气污染物指标、考虑空间自相关等方式进行稳健性检验后依然成立;该作用通过缩小城乡居民消费倾向差距以及城乡居民收入差距两条渠道产生;此外,空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用还存在空间溢出效应。研究结果表明,推动绿色发展改善空气质量,能够缩小城乡居民消费差距,从而助力共同富裕目标的实现。

资源类型对绿色消费的影响:时间还是金钱更有效?

时间与金钱是两种重要的资源类型,人们在绿色消费的过程中不可避免地会受到这两种资源对认知思维和决策行为的影响。然而,目前对于资源类型影响绿色消费行为的具体机制仍不明确。本研究将时间与金钱引发的认知差异引入绿色消费,一方面,基于解释水平理论与人类价值观,分析了时间资源如何促进绿色消费,以及金钱资源如何抑制绿色消费。另一方面,分别从个体、企业以及产品层面出发,结合实验法探究时间与金钱资源影响绿色消费的边界条件,并引入情绪响应水平、环保自我担当以及感知产品有效性作为中介变量,构建资源类型影响绿色消费的理论模型。研究结论将有助于发挥时间与金钱资源在促进绿色消费过程中的积极作用,同时也为企业利用资源线索引导绿色消费提供了新的思路。

能源消费、金融支持对制造业绿色创新的驱动效应研究

当前世界能源发展面临着供需结构不协调、环境资源开发利用率低等不稳定因素,围绕制造业高质量发展的能源消费及技术升级需要,金融部门积极创新,加大金融服务供给,驱动制造业绿色低碳创新,助力制造业绿色低碳高质量发展。鉴于此,构建2010-2019年中国制造业行业面板数据,通过建立固定效应计量模型及引入随机前沿分析方法,实证检验能源消费水平、金融支持力度和二者的交互作用对制造业绿色创新影响的驱动效应。实证结果表明:能源消费水平对制造业绿色创新呈负向作用,而提升金融支持力度有助于制造业绿色发展;能源消费水平和金融支持力度可经过交互作用形成对制造业绿色创新的促进作用;在“双碳”目标背景之下,消费升级和产业升级均加快了制造业绿色变革步伐;此外,外商投资和政府有效干预也一定程度上促进了制造业绿色转型。为此,提出如下对策与建议:首先,制造业要转变传统生产思想,认真贯彻执行绿色创新理念,深度融入绿色发展格局;其次,鼓励银行业等金融机构继续加大对制造业绿色融资支持力度,并不断完善风险识别及管控措施;最后,政府应正确发挥宏观调控的作用,提高决策质量、降低决策失误。

Investigating spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors for green energy consumption in China

The green transformation of energy consumption is beneficial for promoting green development in China.This study constructed a green energy consumption evaluation index system and measured the green energy consumption levels in 30 provinces of China from 2000 to 2019 using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.This study further employed the spatial Durbin model to examine influencing factors and spillover effects of green energy consumption.The results showed that,temporally,China’s green energy consumption levels had a fluctuating upward trend.While,spatially,the overall levels of green energy consumption in China showed apparent characteristics of“high in the west and low in the east”.In terms of influencing factors,environmental regulations played an important role in promoting green energy consumption in the region,while economic development,opening up,and industrial structure had considerably inhibiting effects.Additionally,economic development,opening up,and industrial structure of neighboring regions showed marked positive spillover effects,while urbanization level and technological innovation showed substantial negative spillover effects.The regional heterogeneity test results showed that environmental regulation and industrial structure rationalization were the important factors for promoting green energy consumption in the eastern region,environmental regulation played an important driving role in the central region,and opening to the outside world and technological innovation helped improve the level of green energy consumption in the western region.

数字经济对我国碳中和能力的影响研究

数字经济是一种以数字技术为核心驱动力的新型经济形态,蕴含着绿色低碳效应,能够促进社会向资源节约型和环境友好型发展。文章采用2013—2021年中国30个省份面板数据,探究数字经济对碳中和能力的影响效应。研究发现:数字经济对碳中和能力具有促进作用且呈现非线性特征,对碳减排能力具有先促进后抑制作用,对碳移除能力具有促进作用;我国东西部地区影响异质性的原因是碳减排能力与碳移除能力的水平差异;数字经济能够助力各社会主体,通过促进企业技术创新、公众绿色消费以及调节政府环境规制增强碳中和能力,其中绿色消费机制不可持续;各社会主体协同关系对碳中和能力影响不显著。

“双碳”背景下绿色技术创新与能源消费的非线性动态关联效应——基于新疆14个地州市的探讨

绿色技术创新逐渐成为经济高质量发展的新型驱动力,在“双碳”背景下,绿色技术创新对于新疆严控能源消费方面具有重要的作用。通过使用2001—2020年新疆14个地州市的面板数据,构建有效的MS-VAR模型,实证研究了新疆绿色技术创新与能源消费间的非线性动态关联关系,结果显示:新疆的绿色技术创新能够降低能源消费,但是在不同的区制之间仍具有差异。在“快速增长区制”,绿色技术创新与能源消费呈负相关关系,绿色技术创新减少了能源消费。在“平缓增长区制”,绿色技术创新与能源消费呈正相关关系,绿色技术创新促进了能源消费。该结论为新疆推进碳达峰碳中和目标提供了新的经验证据,也为有关部门制定节能减排政策提供一定的启示。

绿色金融发展对产业结构升级的影响

改革开放以来,我国经济取得显著成就,但不可忽视地是经济快速发展背后的资源消耗、环境污染已成为制约经济发展的重要因素。因此,为推动我国经济可持续发展,转变产业模式、加快产业结构升级已迫在眉睫。金融行业发展绿色金融、调整市场资本配置方式、引导新兴产业快速发展是推动我国金融产业技术革新和产业结构升级的关键因素。基于此,全面探索绿色金融对产业结构升级的作用机制和影响,已成为推动生态环境保护、实现经济可持续发展的深层需要和必然要求。

数字普惠金融对能源环境效率的影响机制与空间效应

在“双碳”约束日益紧迫和经济下行压力加大的现实背景下,数字普惠金融成为城市经济绿色低碳高质量发展的新动能和可持续增长极。使用非径向方向距离函数测算中国2011-2020年273个地级市能源环境效率,实证检验数字普惠金融对能源环境效率的空间效应及其影响机制。研究发现:(1)能源环境效率呈现出正向空间依赖特征,本地区能源环境效率的提高可以对空间关联地区的能源环境效率产生积极影响。(2)数字普惠金融提高了本地区的能源环境效率,且对周边地区的能源环境效率具有显著正向的空间溢出效应。(3)数字普惠金融主要通过推动节能降耗、促进绿色技术创新和优化产业结构三条途径提高能源环境效率,并且数字普惠金融能通过这三条途径同时提高本地区和周边地区的能源环境效率。(4)数字普惠金融对能源环境效率的正向空间溢出效应在使用深度和数字化程度维度、500km范围内、大型城市、非老工业基地和东部城市更加明显。研究结论为中国能源绿色低碳转型的金融服务优化路径提供了科学决策依据。

科技服务业试点对城市绿色全要素生产率的影响研究

科技服务业试点对于推动绿色全要素生产率的提高具有重要作用。通过利用2005—2021年292个地级市的面板数据,使用双重差分法、中介模型研究科技服务业试点对中国绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究发现,科技服务业试点能提升中国绿色全要素生产率;人均消费支出在科技服务业试点与绿色全要素生产率之间发挥中介作用;科技服务业试点可以通过促进产业结构高级化间接提升绿色全要素生产率。因此,应进一步发挥人均消费支出对绿色全要素生产率的促进作用,促进企业加快技术创新,科技服务业试点政策要支持新兴产业快速发展。

补贴退坡会对中国新能源汽车需求产生影响吗?——基于西安的实证

基于西安市新能源汽车的1887个观测数据,利用Logit估计的需求模型探究补贴退坡过程中对新能源汽车需求的影响。研究发现:首先,购置补贴对消费者购买新能源汽车的激励作用逐渐消减。其次,厂商指导价格、续航里程、马力等产品特征已成为影响新能源汽车需求的重要因素。论文建议:第一,政府部门应该更多关注新能源汽车使用便利性等相关政策的激励效果,营造良好的推广应用政策环境。第二,政府管理部门需加强对上、中、下游企业的监管措施,并注重绿色低碳消费理念引导,充分发挥市场资源配置作用。第三,新能源汽车企业应该进一步推进在续航里程和电池生产成本等方面的技术研发,降低新能源汽车价格,提升产品质量和环境效益,拉动消费需求。

绿色消费意愿的反应机制——品牌拟人化和产品类型的匹配效应

“绿水青山就是金山银山”,绿色消费与可持续发展成为经济社会发展的重要议题,消费者如何践行绿色消费、如何对绿色产品形成绿色消费意愿是绿色消费研究的重点领域方向。为此,基于刻板印象内容模型,研究探讨品牌拟人化类型与绿色产品类型的交互效应对绿色消费意愿的影响及其反应机制。研究主要发现:①品牌拟人化与产品类型交互影响消费者的绿色消费意愿。对于实用型产品,能力型拟人(vs.温暖型拟人)更能激发消费者的绿色消费意愿;对于享乐型产品,温暖型拟人(vs.能力型拟人)更能激发消费者的绿色消费意愿。②绿色感知质量、绿色感知价值中介品牌拟人化类型和产品类型的交互效应对消费者绿色消费意愿的影响。③消费动机(利己动机vs.利他动机)调节品牌拟人化类型与产品类型的交互效应对消费者绿色消费意愿的影响。基于以上结果,研究丰富了品牌拟人化的相关研究,为企业品牌拟人化类型的选择、绿色产品的宣传、消费者绿色消费意愿及行为等提供现实参考价值。