Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of SZ Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation Project Based on AHP-Matter-Element Extension Model

With the introduction of the“dual carbon goals,”there has been a robust development of distributed photovoltaic power generation projects in the promotion of their construction.As part of this initiative,a comprehensive and systematic analysis has been conducted to study the overall benefits of photovoltaic power generation projects.The evaluation process encompasses economic,technical,environmental,and social aspects,providing corresponding analysis methods and data references.Furthermore,targeted countermeasures and suggestions are proposed,signifying the research’s importance for the construction and development of subsequent distributed photovoltaic power generation projects.

Research on Post-evaluation Method of Economic Benefit of Geothermal Water Heating Project——Taking S Community in Xianyang City as an Example

In recent years,with the advancement of geothermal heating engineering technology,the projects and scale of geothermal heating have continued to grow.At present,geothermal development and utilization projects are mostly researched on economic evaluation methods,main control factors of benefits and case analysis of project benefits.Post-evaluation of economic benefits can provide strong support for improving existing projects,adjusting projects under construction,and guiding proposed projects,but there are few studies on post-evaluation of economic benefits of completed geothermal heating projects.In order to improve the economic benefits of geothermal heating projects and change extensive management to intensive management,this paper studies the post-evaluation principles,methods and evaluation indicators of the economic benefits of hydrothermal geothermal heating projects,and take the geothermal water heating project of S community in Xianyang City as an example to carry out the post-evaluation research on economic benefits.Through research,it is suggested to carry out post-economic evaluation of geothermal utilization projects that have been completed and run for 3 to 5 years.In order to do a good job in the post-evaluation of economic benefits,the evaluators should continue to track the progress of the project,collect and analyze various historical data in a timely manner,and select a variety of methods for prediction,comparison and mutual correction.In order to fully reflect the benefits of geothermal heating,the indirect benefit evaluation of energy conservation and emission reduction of geothermal heating projects will be strengthened in the future.

Construction of Dynamic Evaluation Model for Economic Benefits under Development of Low-Carbon New Energy

Because the static evaluation is unable to reflect the dynamic features of economic benefits and the contribution of sustainable development of low-carbon new energy to economic benefits is huge,this article puts forward the dynamic evaluation model of economic benefits under the development of low-carbon new energy.Total energy,energy consumption structure,industrial structure,GDP,total population and energy supply structure were taken as independent variables,and the carbon intensity was taken as the dependent variable.Through t-test and decision coefficient,total energy,energy consumption structure,GDP and total population were determined as the main factors of influencing low-carbon economy.Based on these four main factors,the dynamic evaluation index system of economic benefits was constructed.Experimental results show that the proposed model can comprehensively reflect the economic benefit level and the contribution of low-carbon new energy.Therefore,this method has high evaluation accuracy,which can provide scientific reference for the economic benefit management of relevant management departments.

Evaluation on Ecological Agriculture Benefit and Coordinated Development Level in Henan Province

[Objective] The aim was to establish theevaluation index system of ecological agriculture benefit in Henan Province to assess its ecological agriculture benefit and coordinated development level. [Method] Based on the existing evaluation index system of ecological agriculture, the evaluation index system of ecological agriculture benefit in Henan Province was established by means of factor analysis from the aspects of economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit, so as to assess the ecological agriculture benefit and coordinated development level of cities at prefecture level in Henan Province. [Result] Zhengzhou City had the highest development level in ecological agriculture in Henan Province, and coordination level was the highest in Anyang City, while coordinated development level was the highest in Zhengzhou and lowest in Sanmenxia City. [Conclusion] The study could provide reference for the evaluation on ecological agriculture benefit in China.

Evaluation method of the ecological benefits of urban green spaces and application conditions

The importance of ecological benefit analyses about green space systems has been widely discussed on the basis of a perceived bias towards the landscaping effect of green spaces to be built in urban areas as opposed to the perception of comprehensive ecological benefits of designed plant communities. Given the basic principle of ecological benefit analyses and evaluation methods widely applied today, the methodology to calculate ecological benefits and to model the expansion of urban green spaces by CITY- green 5.0 and its conditions for application were explored. We propose that aerial images can be substituted by AutoCAD graphics of a green space containing detailed information of plant dispositions by digitizing the key features during the working process in order to evaluate the ecological benefits quickly and to offer proper guidance to the establishment of small scale green spaces in urban areas. The theoretical foundation, potential application range and prospects for extension of the method are introduced by using the analysis of ecological benefits of the green spaces on the campus of Southwest Forestry College, Kunming, as an example.

Evaluation Model of the Ecology Benefit Value of Woodland in China

Main influencing factors affecting the ecology benefit value of woodland are analyzed,mainly including the water conservation value,environment cleaning value,water and soil conservation value,and climate regulation value.Evaluation model of the ecology benefit value of woodland is put forward which can deal with the uncertain information.Method for determining index weights is discussed,as well as the processing method for uncertain information during the evaluation of ecology benefit value of woodland.Finally,the feasibility and convenience of the evaluation model of the woodland ecology benefit value are illustrated with examples.

Evaluation on Regional Ecological Benefits of Windbreak Systems

This paper studied how dynamically to evaluate regional ecological benefits of windbreak systems in a county scale. Data of air temperature. humidity. wind speed, crop yield and forest cover percentage were investigated and collected in some of counties of Heilongjiang Province, where windbreak systems were established in the last thirty years. Through analysis, an evaluation index system estimating regional ecological benetits of windbreak systems was set up, which consists of both a vegetation index system and a climate index systeln. The former includes a forest cover percentage index and a crop yield index; the later does three variable indexes of wind speed, air temperature and humidity. An integrated regional ecological benefit index.was developed through combinations of some coined evaluation indexes from the evaluation system.And to take Zhaozhou County and Anda County as a case study, the regional ecological benetits since establishment of windbreak systems of the two counties were evaluated dynamically using the integrated index.

An evaluation model for smart grids in support of smart cities based on the Hierarchy of Needs Theory

Smart cities depend highly on an intelligent electrical networks to provide a reliable,safe,and clean power supplies.A smart grid achieves such aforementioned power supply by ensuring resilient energy delivery,which presents opportunities to improve the cost-effectiveness of power supply and minimize environmental impacts.A systematic evaluation of the comprehensive benefits brought by smart grid to smart cities can provide necessary theoretical fundamentals for urban planning and construction towards a sustainable energy future.However,most of the present methods of assessing smart cities do not fully take into account the benefits expected from the smart grid.To comprehensively evaluate the development levels of smart cities while revealing the supporting roles of smart grids,this article proposes a model of smart city development needs from the perspective of residents’needs based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory,which serves the primary purpose of building a smart city.By classifying and reintegrating the needs,an evaluation index system of smart grids supporting smart cities was further constructed.A case analysis concluded that smart grids,as an essential foundation and objective requirement for smart cities,are important in promoting scientific urban management,intelligent infrastructure,refined public services,efficient energy utilization,and industrial development and modernization.Further optimization suggestions were given to the city analyzed in the case include strengthening urban management and infrastructure constructions,such as electric vehicle charging facilities and wireless coverage.

Risk Assessment and Service Benefit Evaluation of Forestry Meteorological Disasters in Guangxi

In order to strengthen the construction of forestry meteorological service capacity and improve the quality of forestry meteorological services,the national forestry meteorological disaster risk survey and service benefit assessment were carried out from November 2016 to May2017. A total of 196 risk sites in Guangxi were collected by means of questionnaire survey,expert evaluation and field survey. The results showed that fire,pest and wind hazards are the main types of risk points in Guangxi. The survey showed that there were 77 monitoring stations around the disaster risk sites belonging to the Forestry Sector,which mainly monitor fire hazards,while other disasters had no monitoring point yet. Early warning facilities were still constantly improving. The meteorological disasters that affecting forestry production were drought,gale,and heavy rainfall,and the main meteorological hazard factors were temperature,wind speed,and precipitation. Forest fire prevention,forestry resources development and utilization,forestation and tending demand for meteorological services were relatively large. It was hoped that forestry meteorological service products would be obtained through telephone,SMS and early warning systems. In addition,experts objectivly evaluated the contribution rate of meteorological services in Guangxi. The contribution rate of forest meteorological services in the whole region was8. 41%. The scale of Guangxi's total forestry output value was 31. 478 billion yuan in 2016. According to the calculation of this value,the service benefit value had reached 2. 647 billion yuan. In conclusion,strengthening the cooperation in forestry meteorological monitoring,technology development,and emergency response,and further improving forestry meteorological services and effective reducing forestry disaster losses are the top priorities of the meteorological department.

Benefit Evaluation on Land Comprehensive Consolidation in the Small Towns——A Case of Daxing District,Beijing,China

Taking Daxing District,Beijing,China as a example,benefit evaluation index system of small-town land comprehensive consolidation isestablished from four aspects of resource benefit,economic benefit,social benefit and ecological benefit.Weight of evaluation index is determinedby analytic hierarchy process.After the standardized treatment on the original value index,comprehensive index method is adopted to evaluate theland comprehensive consolidation benefits in 14 towns of Daxing District in the year 2005,combining with the index weight determined by analytic hi-erarchy process.Evaluation result shows that areas having significant effects are Yizhuang Town,Xihongmen Town,Yinghai Town,and JiugongTown,which are concentrated in rural-urban continuum with significant location advantages and good economic and infrastructure status.Areashaving good effects are Changziying Town,Huangcun Town,Panggezhuang Town,Beizangcun Town,and Yufa Town,which are located alongYongding River,with abundant farmland resources and good ecological environment.Areas having general effects are Weishan Town,QingyundianTown,and Anding Town,with insignificant location advantages.Areas with no significant effects are Lixian Town and Caiyu Town,with relativelypoor location,resource,and economic development status.

Promoting energy efficiency reconstruction for existing buildings based on comprehensive benefit evaluation

The purpose of the comprehensive benefit evaluation of the existing building energy saving renovation project is to promote the healthy development of the energy saving reconstruction. Therefore, it is necessary to reflect the value and function of incentive and restraint. The concrete embodiment is that: improving energy saving standard renovation of existing buildings, promoting the construction of energy efficiency labeling system, and strengthening the construction of government supervision system by the comprehensive benefit evaluation.

Review of Research on the Evaluation Index System of Low-carbon City in China

In order to promote the research on the evaluation index system of low-carbon city,this paper reviewed and summarized the current evaluation index systems in recent years and the concepts of lowcarbon city in China.The current evaluation index systems of low-carbon city in China could be divided into two types:two class index system and three class index system.The establishment of different index systems basically adheres to the scientific,systematic,operable and dynamic principles,and the target value and weight of evaluation index could be confirmed in multiple ways.This paper analyzed the existing problems in the evaluation index systems of low-carbon city,and came up with some suggestions and advice to promote relevant research.

Benefit evaluation on ESCO driving force for market development of energy-saving building

ESCO is the internal driving force for the development of the existing building energy-saving renovation market,and the driving effect of the ESCO market depends on scientific and effective comprehensive benefit evaluation.Based on analysis of the status qua at home and abroad,this paper reveals the necessity and value of research existing Building Energy Saving ESCO market development driving force effectiveness evaluation.The purpose of ESCO driving force benefit evaluation-oriented,establish the basic principles of evaluation index system of choice.Through the analysis of the evaluation content of the three dimensions of economic benefit,environmental benefit and social benefit,the comprehensive evaluation index system of the target level,criterion level and index level of the benefit evaluation of the existing building energy-saving renovation market development is constructed.AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the combination,construct quantitative models of energy-saving drive ESCO market development role in the evaluation of the effectiveness of existing buildings.Based on the quantitative evaluation process of ESCO’s role in the development of our country’s existing building energysaving renovation market,it is necessary to scientifically understand the current status of ESCO’s driving role,and reveal the path to improve the efficiency of ESCO-driven development of the existing building’s energy-saving renovation market,in order to enhance the internal driving force of ESCO to promote.The existing building energy-saving renovation market is developing in a healthy and orderly manner.

Socio-scientific quantification of the comprehensive benefits of debris flow mitigation measures for villages in western Sichuan, China

Debris flow hazards seriously threaten thesafety and sustainable development of mountainousareas. Numerous debris flow mitigation measures havebeen implemented worldwide;however, acomprehensive assessment of the specific disasterreduction effects of these measures and their economic,social and ecological benefits is yet to be performed.The western region of Sichuan Province frequentlysuffers from geohazards such as debris flow, and thegovernment has adopted many mitigation measures.This study assessed the benefits of debris flowmitigation measures and identified the key influencingfactors via a field-based study conducted in 81 villagesin western Sichuan province, China. A framework forthe evaluation of the benefits of rural debris flowmitigation measures was constructed andquantitatively evaluated using a survey. Snowballsampling was performed to recruit 81 village leadersand 468 farmers. The results showed that managementand engineering measures were the main methodsused to mitigate debris flow;ecological measures wereauxiliary. The average satisfaction scores of farmers forthese three types of measures were 4.07, 3.90, and 3.56,respectively (as measured on a five-point Likert scale).In contrast, in terms of the benefits of these mitigationmeasures, only a small proportion of villages (11.11%)obtained a high level of comprehensive benefits fromthe debris flow mitigation measures, while the majority(88.89%) received medium to low-level benefits. Toimprove this situation, we further studied and foundthat the main factors that restricted villages fromachieving high-level comprehensive benefits were theunpredictable nature of debris flows, labour forceoutflow and remoteness. Effective control measures, agood economic environment and strong governmentassistance were reported as crucial factors forimproving these comprehensive benefits. This studyprovides socio-scientific references for decisionmakingon rural debris flow mitigation measures while keeping villages at the centre of economic development.

Evaluation of Comprehensive Benefits of Land Consolidation Based on AHP and FUZZY

Based on the modern comprehensive evaluation method, in accordance with the scientific, objective and systematic principles, we select four factors (economic, social, ecological and landscape benefits), to establish the evaluation indicator system of comprehensive benefits of rural land consolidation. Then using the theory of fuzzy mathematics (FUZZY) and fuzzy relationship synthesis theory, we establish the fuzzy evaluation model of comprehensive benefits of land consolidation; using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), we determine the weight of each indicator, and conduct fuzzy comprehensive evaluation from various levels. By the weighted average synthesis algorithm, we calculate the evaluation indicators and finally summarize the overall evaluation results for comprehensive evaluation. Taking the case of land consolidation project in Shangyao Town, Datong District, Huainan City in Anhui Province, we calculate the case data based on Matlab software, and the calculation results and evaluation level are consistent with the project acceptance results, verifying the feasibility of this evaluation method.

Benefits Evaluation of Water Resources Used for Ecosystem in Shiyang River Basin of Gansu Province

Among the numerous inland river basins in the arid northwest China,Shiyang River basin is known for its most serious water shortage that constrains its social and economic developments and for some of the worst ecological and environmental deterioration in China.The research on the value of water resources used for ecosystem is the basis for reasonable allocation of water resources between users of ecosystem and economic system.In this paper the concept of dynamic value for the ecosystem services is proposed.A modified coefficient for the ecosystem service value per unit area is proposed according to the cover degrees of biomes combined with expert consultation.Based on the developmental stage coefficient and scarcity of ecological resources,a dynamic evaluation method is proposed.The theoretical formula and simple calculation formula of the sharing benefits coefficient and benefits per unit ecological water utilization are proposed.The result shows that the benefit of unit ecological water utilization in the lower reach was greater than that in the upper reach in the Shiyang River basin.

Benefit Evaluation Model of Small Watershed Control Based on Projection Pursuit

A projection pursuit model is presented in this paper for comprehensive evaluation of benefits of small watershed control.By using the model,small watershed control samples with many benefit evaluation indexes can be synthesized projective values with one dimension.The samples can be naturally evaluated according to the projective values.The parameters of the model is optimized by using real coding beased accelerating genetic aglrothm,which overcomes the shortcomings of large computation amount and difficulty of computer programming in traditional projection prusuit methods,and provides a new way for wide applications of projection pursuit technique to different evaluation problems in agricultural systems engineering.

Ecological Benefits Evaluation in Ecological Migration Zone Based on Ecological Green Equivalent: A Case Study of Migration Zone in Yanchi County

With four ecological migration zones in Huamachi Town of Yanchi County in Ningxia Autonomous Region as the object of study,we carry out the evaluation of ecological benefits in ecological migration zone. Using the SPOT satellite remote sensing image in 2008 and UAV aerophotographic image in 2013,we first monitor and analyze the land use change over five years in the study area,and then adopt ecological green equivalent evaluation model for the evaluation of ecological benefits in the ecological migration zone. Studies have shown that:( i) from 2008 to 2013,the ecological green equivalent in the study area was increased and the ecological environment was improved;( ii) the ecological green equivalent in the study area was less than 1 in 2008 and 2013,and ecological environment was still fragile in the migration zone;( iii)the forest coverage rate of the study area was 20% less than the minimum forest coverage rate of the United Nations,but 15% higher than the forest coverage rate of the Ministry of Environmental Protection. There is a large gap between the forest coverage rate based on ecological green equivalent and optimal forest coverage rate,suggesting that the land use still needs to be adjusted in study area,and it is necessary to increase efforts to strengthen ecological restoration and continue to implement forest conservation,returning land for farming to forestry and other measures.

Identification and Calculation Method of the Financial Benefits of IT Projects for Better Financial Evaluation

To financially evaluate an IT projects is to assess its financial feasibility, while the financial benefits are the core parameters of financial evaluation of IT projects. Therefore, correctly identifying the financial benefits of IT projects is the precondition to ensure the validity of the financial evaluation. Essentially, IT projects can be divided into productive IT projects and supportive IT projects. The paper analyzes the importance of identifying the financial benefits and introduces the meaning, characteristics and classification of financial benefits of IT projects. On this basis, the paper identifies the financial benefits of both productive IT projects and supportive IT projects and emphasizes the formation and specific calculation method of the two types of IT projects. For productive IT projects and supportive IT projects, the calculation of financial benefits should employ different methods.

Evaluation of the Application Benefit of Meteorological High Performance Computing Resources

The meteorological high-performance computing resource is the support platform for the weather forecast and climate prediction numerical model operation. The scientific and objective method to evaluate the application of meteorological high-performance computing resources can not only provide reference for the optimization of active resources, but also provide a quantitative basis for future resource construction and planning. In this paper, the concept of the utility value B and index compliance rate E of the meteorological high performance computing system are presented. The evaluation process, evaluation index and calculation method of the high performance computing resource application benefits are introduced.