Energy-Saving Construction Technologies for Buildings

The development of the construction industry is shifting towards low-carbon construction,so it is necessary to improve and optimize related construction concepts,methods,and processes.By improving resource and energy control efficiency in building projects,minimizing construction waste,and reducing environmental impact,a foundation for the sustainable development of the industry can be established.This paper mainly analyzes the significance of low-carbon energy-saving construction technology and the control factors of construction,summarizes the status quo of the development of building energy-saving construction,and puts forward strategies for applying building energy-saving construction technology.These strategies serve to achieve low-carbon and energy-saving goals to promote the healthy development of energy-saving construction.

Core Competitiveness Construction of Clothing Brands in Low-Carbon Economy

The climate issue has become an environmental concern for all sectors of the world and the low-carbon economy has thus become a new economic development model to combat climate change.With the development of low-carbon economy era,the textile and clothing industry plays an important role in stabilizing the development of low-carbon economy and society,and China has put forward the development requirements of low-carbon transformation for the textile and clothing industry,and also it has an important strategic value to promote the high-quality development of low-carbon economy and society,and the construction of brands’ core competitiveness is an inevitable choice for clothing brands in the face of the new form of international competition.As a result,the evaluation indicator of clothing brands’ core competitiveness in the low-carbon economy is used to measure the core competitiveness of clothing brands.Based on the corresponding verification results obtained by analytic hierarchy process(AHP) analysis,it can guide the low-carbon development of the clothing industry,thus proposing a more reasonable way to build the core competitiveness of clothing brands.It can promote the low-carbon transformation and upgrading of the clothing industry,effectively increase the market share of clothing brands,and promote the high-quality development of clothing brands.

Low-carbon Landscape Construction Approaches Based on Human Behavior

After the analysis of connotations of human behavior and low-carbon landscape,according to relevant theories of behavioral science and psychology,the internal relation between behavior and lowcarbon landscape has been discussed.They relate to,interact on and are the precondition of each other.Reasonable landscape environment has carried people's expectation for nature,and different landscapes give people different feelings and present to be of different behavior features.Finally,the paper has proposed constructing low-carbon landscape in the perspective of landscape design idea,design methods,construction process and later management,providing a theoretical basis for advocating energy saving and environmental protection,and creating green ecology.

特急曲线水利隧洞针梁台车设计与施工

水利基础设施建设过程中,特急曲线水利隧洞具有弯多、弯急的特点。普通针梁台车在此类隧洞工程施工中,出现弯道碰壁、受压变形等诸多问题,传统施工装备与技术的适应性难题亟待解决。以金沙江向家坝灌区北总干渠一期工程望江岩隧洞衬砌施工为依托,在传统全圆针梁台车既有设计方法的基础上,开展加大单次衬砌长度、整体快速拆合、优化结构形式、改变脱模方式、实现高通用性等方面研究;研制特急曲线水利隧洞全圆针梁台车,创新台车不同状态下的施工工法,解决了台车在曲线处行走时会触碰隧洞壁,台车过特急曲线隧洞需重复拆卸及安装,衬砌完成后上、下侧模在受力状态下出现模板反向咬合等问题,有效推动了特急曲线隧洞施工装备设计方法革新。实际应用结果表明,所开发的特急曲线水利隧洞全圆针梁台车及其相关施工技术大幅度提高了特急曲线水利隧洞施工效率,降低了施工成本,保证了施工安全和工程质量。

高铁大断面隧道衬砌智能化建造及质量控制技术

隧道智能建造技术作为中国“智能铁路”重要组成部分,引领了隧道修建技术的发展方向。为提高隧道施工智能化水平,保证衬砌及断面整体施工质量和使用寿命,以京张高铁八达岭隧道为背景,提出了一系列复杂大断面隧道衬砌智能化建造及质量控制技术。二衬结构混凝土智能振捣和浇筑技术可实现混凝土的自动化施工,减少现场作业人员50%,降低现场数据记录耗时90%;自主设计了一套以智能温湿控制系统为核心的衬砌智能养护台车,智能控制和调节养护区域内温度和湿度,显著降低人工投入和减少人为质量缺陷,提高施工效率;提出二衬防脱空自动报警、防顶裂技术,有效防止衬砌空洞和开裂的发生,使空洞发生概率由16%降为6%,二衬开裂概率由22%降为8%;衬砌智能化建造及质量控制技术在新八达岭隧道的成功应用,提高了隧道衬砌的施工质量水平和综合管理能力。

珠江三角洲水资源配置工程预应力复合衬砌足尺模型试验关键施工工艺研究

基于珠三角水资源配置工程预应力复合衬砌足尺模型试验,针对此类衬砌结构型式的施工难点,从作业台车研制、内衬混凝土制备与浇筑、预应力实施等方面开展施工工艺研究。总结了预应力复合衬砌足尺模型的施工内容,并结合模型实施过程中的经验,对现有的作业台车提出改进;随后针对预应力复合衬砌的关键施工工艺展开研究,提出了专门的混凝土配合比、配套振捣系统和预应力分级张拉的顺序,以保证内衬预应力混凝土的施工质量。研究成果为预应力复合衬砌结构的现场施工工艺提供借鉴。

高速铁路隧道钻爆法机械化施工关键技术和装备

依托渝昆高速铁路(重庆—昆明)渝宜段缙云山隧道工程,探讨了机械化施工关键技术及装备。结果表明:改进后的三臂凿岩台车能够适应不同等级围岩和工法的转换;早强锚固剂和注浆锚杆植入工艺可快速施加预应力,使锚杆抗拔力明显提高,解决了软弱围岩支护难的问题;多功能拱架台车与“一长两中两短”拱架铰接式安装可明显增强结构抗弯刚度,减少吊装次数,提高拱架定位精度,缩短钢拱架安装和单次循环作业时间。经在渝昆高速铁路和西渝高速铁路中应用,本文提出的机械化施工技术及装备可优化施工流程,减少辅助设施的使用,降低超挖风险,显著提高施工效率和安全性。

钻爆法隧道洗尘消热与台车周边作业环境营造

台车周边施工作业人员面临的职业健康危害是钻爆法隧道施工中普遍存在的问题。基于此,提出了洞外压入送风协同洞内起拱点处空气品质营造装置局部空气净化的通风方案,并以广西天巴高速廷社隧道为试验隧道,对两种通风方式下隧道内台车周边的粉尘浓度、空气温度进行了监测和对比,利用FLUENT软件对游离SiO_(2)粉尘浓度场的演化进行了数值模拟。结果表明:在安设空气品质营造装置的条件下通风20 min后,台车处粉尘浓度高、水化热现象均得到了明显的缓解。研究结果对改善钻爆法施工隧道作业环境具有重要的指导意义。

组合式钢模台车在长距离隧道施工中的应用

水利水电项目隧道工程采用钢模台车进行衬砌施工,常常会遇到曲线段台车就位难度大、转角处易侵占衬砌结构面等问题,影响隧道衬砌质量和使用性能。结合长距离隧道曲线特征、断面尺寸、工作面划分等特点,将钢模台车设计成标准单元模块型式,通过标准单元模块自由组合成长度为16 m、24 m和32 m的组合式钢模台车,用于隧道衬砌施工。应用实践表明,组合式钢模台车施工效率高、工作面之间协调灵活,大幅缩短施工进度和减少台车的配置,同时在曲线段将台车分离成标准单元长度使用,更容易控制曲线隧道衬砌结构面,保障工程施工进度。

复杂海况下码头栈桥自动化施工一体化台车设计研究

针对常规栈桥施工方法存在的施工效率较低、自动化水平低、施工风险大、施工精度较低等问题,以某燃煤电厂煤码头栈桥施工为例,给出了集钻孔、沉桩、结构安装、自行走于一体的钢栈桥自动化施工台车设计方案。实际应用表明,该台车可提高栈桥施工精度、效率和安全性。

Exploring the coupling relationship of industrial agglomeration and low-carbon economy considering spatiotemporal differentiation:An empirical study in China’s construction machinery industry

Although China’s construction machinery thrives to meet the needs of construction,a number of challenges still remain to be overcome,such as lack of thorough knowledge of regional disparities and several limitations in terms of carbon emissions and economic development.Meanwhile,a low-carbon economy was proposed and implemented in China.This research aims to investigate the differences in industrial agglomeration of construction machineries and further explore the relationship between industrial agglomeration and low-carbon economy.On this basis,spatiotemporal analysis was performed to evaluate the levels of industrial agglomeration in different regions based on the situations of China’s construction machinery industry.Furthermore,this study explored the interaction between industrial agglomeration and low-carbon economy utilizing the coupling coordination analysis method.Results showed that the coupling coordination of the two subsystems was extremely unbalanced in 2006,and it maintained an increasing trend,reaching a relatively high level in 2018.Finally,suggestions,such as establishing a policy guarantee system and implementing variable policies in different regions,were proposed to provide guidelines for the government decision-making and promote the sustainable development of China’s construction machinery industry.

轻型T梁工厂智能化预制施工关键技术研究

为进一步响应高速公路建设“四化”要求,助推桥梁建设向工业化建造迈进,德州至上饶高速公路合肥至枞阳段轻型T梁预制采用自动液压模板+移动台车流水线生产组织方式,各工位之间通过移动台车及循环轨道进行串联,形成流水、循环生产线。采用MEP钢筋加工设备、数控钢筋锯切套丝生产线,实现了钢筋全自动化生产;采用液压模板,进行模板自动安拆;采用鱼雷罐+布料器+附着式振捣器联动工艺,做到混凝土运输、布料、振捣工序之间数控一体化。轻型T梁整个生产过程做到流水化作业、智能化控制、工厂化施工、信息化管理,在实现智慧化工地的道路上迈出了坚实的一步。

明挖综合管廊模板台车整体浇筑施工技术

本文通过设计管廊新型模板台车,实现了台车的多方向移动,并通过台车各子系统位置多方向调节和锁定,能够简单、快速、精确地实现管廊主体模板安装;同时设计了新型混凝土浇筑装置,优化了竖(隔)墙混凝土浇筑布料、整平和振捣工艺;解决了传统支架模筑法施工效率低、易出现质量问题、施工成本高和文明施工程度低的难题,取得了良好的效果,为类似工程提供了具有价值的参考实例和经验。

小断面水工隧洞小曲线半径段针梁式台车衬砌施工技术

针对输水隧洞洞径小、曲线半径小的特点,为提高衬砌线形质量,保证衬砌厚度和完整性,拓展针梁式台车适用范围,研制了横向调位装置,配合模板两侧支撑油缸行程的不平衡调整,使针梁式台车具备横向位移和一定的转弯能力。该方法可实现台车模板与衬砌设计轮廓线的良好贴合,从而使针梁式台车适配小断面隧洞小曲线半径段衬砌的高效施工。

长斜井衬砌智能化台车设计与应用研究

针对陡坡长、斜井多工作面同时开展衬砌的施工需求和现有台车的施工缺陷,文章以滇中引水香炉山隧洞2号施工支洞为研究对象,结合应用于公路、铁路等平洞的数字化、智能化整体液压钢模台车设计理念,应用智能化步履行走式整体液压台车,实现了斜井台车定位智能化和安全状态自动监测,大大提高了陡坡斜井衬砌效率和质量。

刍议亭子口灌区工程矩形明渠钢模台车施工技术

亭子口灌区工程是国务院172项重大节水灌溉工程之一,是四川省水资源配置总体布局“六横六纵”中的重要骨干工程。该工程总干渠长约144.573 km,主要由隧洞、渡槽、明渠构成,其中明渠累计长度为16.325 km,占渠线总长度的11.29%。钢模台车作为一种新设备、新工艺,其整体模板可一次拼接,重复使用,可以有效减少施工人员和机械设备的投入,施工机械化程度高,施工进度快,成本低,工作效率和经济效益高,在矩形明渠施工中具有较大的优势,值得推广应用。笔者介绍了钢模台车在亭子口灌区工程矩形明渠中的使用情况。

基于线性超长隧洞监测钻孔施工方法研究

为了适应线性超长引水隧洞工程中监测作业人员和钻孔设备长距离频繁转场、高强度交叉作业下的高效率作业需求,特研制了一种基于车载台车的长距离隧洞监测钻孔施工方法,相较于传统搭设脚手架的方式,该方法不仅克服了传统方式监测施工中由于受主体施工干扰、工期紧等因素带来的高风险和高成本问题,还能够在保证工程质量的同时提高施工效率、降低生产成本、保证绿色施工。

Basic Path and System Construction of Green and Low-Carbon Agricultural Development with Respect to the Strategic Target of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality

The Dual Carbon strategy,which is aimed at achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,is one of China's major strategiesinthecomingperiod.Agriculture is both an important source of greenhouse gas and a huge carbon sink system.To promote the Dual Carbon strategy,it is crucial for China to lay emphasis on green and low-carbon agricultural development.To achieve carbon peaking,agricultural carbonreduction and sequestration are significant means and haveegreat potential.Thisspaper firstly reviews the current situation of green and lowcarbon agricultural developmen.t.At present,the total agricultural carbon emissions in China are approaching the peak smoothly,and the proportion of carbon emissionsSgenerated by the use of such modern agricultural inputssas fertilizer and on-farm energy increases.Meanwhile,the operation of agricultural ecosystems in China demonstrates the strong capacity to absorb carbon.Then,the paper analyzes the main problems existing in green and low-carbon agricultural development,including excessive agricultural inputs and excessive consumption of fossil energy,the low utilization rate of agricultural resources,insufficient technical reserves for green and low-carbon agricultural development,and a weak supporting system.In the next part,the paper elaborates on the basic path and measures to realize green and low-carbon agriculturalddevelopment,such as strengthening the conservation of agricultural resources and improving the efficiency of resource utilization;enhancing the comprehensive treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution,realizing the reduction and efficiency of fertilizer and pesticide,resource utilization of agricultural wastes,and effective control of white agricultural pollution;cultivating,expanding and strengthening green and low-carbon agricultural industries,and greening the whole industrial chain of agricultural products from production,processing tocirculation;increasing scientific and technological innovation and building a scientific and technological support systems for green and low-carbon agricultural development.Finally,an institutional system to promote green and low-carbon agricultural development is constructed from the aspects of fiscal and taxation system,financial system,land management system,value realization mechanism of ecological products,and constraint and incentive mechanism,etc.This study provides a scientific basis for the further formulation of green and lowcarbon agricultural development policies and measures and relevant research.

Value-added recycling of sludge and sludge ash into low-carbon construction materials:current status and perspectives

Sludge as the by-product of wastewater treatment usually accumulates toxic substances that require specific treatment before disposal.With the increase of sludge production,the safe and economic treatment of sludge has become a global issue.Construction filed provides a solution for consuming huge volumes of sludge and sludge ash owing to the similar chemical composition with cementitious materials.This paper critically reviewed the current status of recycling sludge and sludge ash into low-carbon construction materials and highlighted the future perspectives of sludge-derived construction materials.Furthermore,the immobilization mechanisms of heavy metals in sludge-derived construction materials were elaborated to promote the actualization of sustainable management of sludge and sludge ash.

分岔超大断面隧道变截面衬砌台车设计及施工技术

结合厦门海沧疏港通道工程B标段分岔超大断面隧道特性,针对分岔段隧道变截面二次衬砌施工,系统地介绍了本项目分岔超大断面变截面衬砌台车设计及施工技术,通过采用不同的设计及施工技术措施,缩短台车组装时间,提高衬砌台车的利用率,提升施工效率,降低施工成本。