Optimization Strategies of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) Cathode Materials for Sodium‑Ion Batteries

Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has garnered great attentions as a prospective cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)by virtue of its decent theoretical capacity,superior ion conductivity and high structural stability.However,the inherently poor electronic conductivity and sluggish sodium-ion diffusion kinetics of NVP material give rise to inferior rate performance and unsatisfactory energy density,which strictly confine its further application in SIBs.Thus,it is of significance to boost the sodium storage performance of NVP cathode material.Up to now,many methods have been developed to optimize the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material.In this review,the latest advances in optimization strategies for improving the electrochemical performance of NVP cathode material are well summarized and discussed,including carbon coating or modification,foreign-ion doping or substitution and nanostructure and morphology design.The foreign-ion doping or substitution is highlighted,involving Na,V,and PO_(4)^(3−)sites,which include single-site doping,multiple-site doping,single-ion doping,multiple-ion doping and so on.Furthermore,the challenges and prospects of high-performance NVP cathode material are also put forward.It is believed that this review can provide a useful reference for designing and developing high-performance NVP cathode material toward the large-scale application in SIBs.

Optimization Strategies of Beijing Elderly Care Service Stations Based on Questionnaire Survey Method: A Case Study of Zhanlan Road Street of Xicheng District

4 elderly care service stations in Zhanlan Road Street,Xicheng District,Beijing are selected,and questionnaires are designed and distributed to the surrounding elderly population to understand their needs and satisfaction with the station environment.By observing elderly care service stations on site,the characteristics,obstacles,and shortcomings of the environment are recorded,and relevant data are collected and analyzed,such as the characteristics of the elderly population being interviewed,the planning and design data of the station environment,and the distribution of service facilities.The overall characteristics of the spatial environment of elderly care stations are summarized,and renovation measures and optimization suggestions are provided for the current shortcomings,thereby providing some basis for the spatial design of community elderly care service stations in the future.

Research Status,Practical Dilemmas,and Optimization Strategies of Blended Teaching in Universities

Blended teaching has emerged as a prominent subject in the recent reform and innovation of higher education.It has become imperative and guiding for colleges and universities to embrace a mixed teaching approach that aligns with the evolving needs of education and teaching in the new era.This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research status surrounding blended teaching,encompassing fundamental issues,teaching design,practical guidance,teaching effectiveness,and evaluation.By critically examining the current challenges associated with blended teaching,this study proposes optimization strategies including enhancing student participation and interaction,promoting deep learning,improving teachers’preparedness,teaching technologies,and curriculum design capabilities,strengthening top-level design,and perfecting evaluation and incentive mechanisms.These strategies provide new directions for the reform of blended teaching.

A Study on the Educational Mode and Optimization Strategies of“Micro Ideological and Political Education”

The model of“micro ideological and political education”is adapted to the characteristics of the new era and the real needs of ideological and political education in colleges and universities.Based on the work of“micro ideological and political education”in colleges and universities under the development of all-media integration,this study summarizes the main practices,achievements,and problems of“micro ideological and political education”in colleges and universities,and proposes to optimize and improve the work of“micro ideological and political education”from the perspectives of platform construction,work creation,team building,and guarantee mechanism.Optimization and enhancement are needed to effectively improve the relevance and effectiveness of“micro ideological and political education”work.

Fundamental Understanding and Optimization Strategies for Dual‑Ion Batteries:A Review

There has been increasing demand for high-energy density and longcycle life rechargeable batteries to satisfy the ever-growing requirements for nextgeneration energy storage systems.Among all available candidates,dual-ion batteries(DIBs)have drawn tremendous attention in the past few years from both academic and industrial battery communities because of their fascinating advantages of high working voltage,excellent safety,and environmental friendliness.However,the dynamic imbalance between the electrodes and the mismatch of traditional electrolyte systems remain elusive.To fully employ the advantages of DIBs,the overall optimization of anode materials,cathode materials,and compatible electrolyte systems is urgently needed.Here,we review the development history and the reaction mechanisms involved in DIBs.Afterward,the optimization strategies toward DIB materials and electrolytes are highlighted.In addition,their energy-related applications are also provided.Lastly,the research challenges and possible development directions of DIBs are outlined.

Optimization Strategies Toward Functional Sodium-Ion Batteries

Exploration of alternative energy storage systems has been more than necessary in view of the supply risks haunting lithium-ion batteries.Among various alternative electrochemical energy storage devices,sodium-ion battery outstands with advantages of cost-effectiveness and comparable energy density with lithium-ion batteries.Thanks to the similar electrochemical mechanism,the research and development of lithium-ion batteries have forged a solid foundation for sodium-ion battery explorations.Advancements in sodium-ion batteries have been witnessed in terms of superior electrochemical performance and broader application scenarios.Here,the strategies adopted to optimize the battery components(cathode,anode,electrolyte,separator,binder,current collector,etc.)and the cost,safety,and commercialization issues in sodium-ion batteries are summarized and discussed.Based on these optimization strategies,assembly of functional(flexible,stretchable,self-healable,and self-chargeable)and integrated sodium-ion batteries(−actuators,−sensors,electrochromic,etc.)have been realized.Despite these achievements,challenges including energy density,scalability,trade-off between energy density and functionality,cost,etc.are to be addressed for sodium-ion battery commercialization.This review aims at providing an overview of the up-to-date achievements in sodium-ion batteries and serves to inspire more efforts in designing upgraded sodium-ion batteries.

Solution of Chemical Dynamic Optimization Using the Simultaneous Strategies

An approach of simultaneous strategies with two novel techniques is proposed to improve the solution accuracy of chemical dynamic optimization problems. The first technique is to handle constraints on control vari- ables based on the finite-element collocation so as to control the approximation error for discrete optimal problems, where a set of control constraints at dement knots are integrated with the procedure for optimization leading to a significant gain in the accuracy of the simultaneous strategies. The second technique is to make the mesh refine- ment more feasible and reliable by introducing length constraints and guideline in designing appropriate element length boundaries, so that the proposed approach becomes more efficient in adjusting dements to track optimal control profile breakpoints and ensure accurate state and centrol profiles. Four classic benchmarks of dynamic op- timization problems are used as illustrations, and the proposed approach is compared with literature reports. The research results reveal that the proposed approach is preferz,ble in improving the solution accuracy of chemical dy- namic optimization problem.

Integration strategies of hydrogen network in a refinery based on operational optimization of hydrotreating units

Inferior crude oil and fuel oil upgrading lead to escalating increase of hydrogen consumption in refineries.It is imperative to reduce the hydrogen consumption for energy-saving operations of refineries.An integration strategy of hydrogen network and an operational optimization model of hydrotreating(HDT)units are proposed based on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of HDT units.By solving the proposed model,the operating conditions of HDT units are optimized,and the parameters of hydrogen sinks are determined by coupling hydrodesulfurization(HDS),hydrodenitrification(HDN)and aromatic hydrogenation(HDA)kinetics.An example case of a refinery with annual processing capacity of eight million tons is adopted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed optimization strategies and the model.Results show that HDS,HDN and HDA reactions are the major source of hydrogen consumption in the refinery.The total hydrogen consumption can be reduced by 18.9%by applying conventional hydrogen network optimization model.When the hydrogen network is optimized after the operational optimization of HDT units is performed,the hydrogen consumption is reduced by28.2%.When the benefit of the fuel gas recovery is further considered,the total annual cost of hydrogen network can be reduced by 3.21×10~7CNY·a^(-1),decreased by 11.9%.Therefore,the operational optimization of the HDT units in refineries should be imposed to determine the parameters of hydrogen sinks base on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of the hydrogenation processes before the optimization of the hydrogen network is performed through the source-sink matching methods.

Dominating factors on well productivity and development strategies optimization in Weiyuan shale gas play, Sichuan Basin, SW China

Weiyuan shale gas play is characterized by thin high-quality reservoir thickness,big horizontal stress difference,and big productivity differences between wells.Based on integrated evaluation of shale gas reservoir geology and well logging interpretation of more than 20 appraisal wells,a correlation was built between the single well test production rate and the high-quality reservoir length drilled in the horizontal wells,high-quality reservoir thickness and the stimulation treatment parameters in over 100 horizontal wells,the dominating factors on horizontal well productivity were found out,and optimized development strategies were proposed.The results show that the deployed reserves of high-quality reservoir are the dominating factors on horizontal well productivity.In other words,the shale gas well productivity is controlled by the thickness of the high-quality reservoir,the high-quality reservoir drilling length and the effectiveness of stimulation.Based on the above understanding,the development strategies in Weiyuan shale gas play are optimized as follows:(1)The target of horizontal wells is located in the middle and lower parts of Longyi 11(Wei202 area)and Longyi 11(Wei204 area).(2)Producing wells are drilled in priority in the surrounding areas of Weiyuan county with thick high-quality reservoir.(3)A medium to high intensity stimulation is adopted.After the implementation of these strategies,both the production rate and the estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)of individual shale gas wells have increased substantially.

Applying Network Flow Optimization Techniques to Improve Relief Goods Transport Strategies under Emergency Situation

Given the seriously damaged emergency situation occurring after a large-scale natural disaster, a critical and important problem that needs to be solved urgently is how to distribute the necessary relief goods, such as drinking water, food, and medicine, to the damaged area and how to transport them corresponding to the actual supply and demand situation as quickly as possible. The existing infrastructure, such as traffic roads, bridges, buildings, and other facilities, may suffer from severe damage. Assuming uncertainty related with each road segment’s availability, we formulate a transshipment network flow optimization problem under various types of uncertain situations. In order to express the uncertainty regarding the availability of each road segment, we apply the Monte Carlo simulation technique to generate random networks following certain probability distribution conditions. Then, we solve the model to obtain an optimal transport strategy for the relief goods. Thus, we try to implement a necessary and desirable response strategy for managing emergency cases caused by, for example, various natural disasters. Our modeling approach was then applied to the actual road network in Sumatra Island in Indonesia in 2009, when a disastrous earthquake occurred to develop effective and efficient public policies for emergency situations.

Mixture Optimization by the CARSO Procedure and DCM Strategies

The paper illustrates a new way of using the CARSO procedure for response surfaces analyses derived from innovative experimental designs in multivariate spaces, based on Double Circulant Matrices (DCMs). We report a case study regarding a design based on a DCM for 4 variables. The final response surface model is obtained by the formerly developed CARSO method.

Stock-Selection Strategies Optimization of Fund Management Companies by Analytic Hierarchy Process

Securities investment fund is one of the most important institutional investors in the securities market. The quality of the management of the securities investment fund by the fund management company not only directly affects its survival and development,but also plays a decisive role in the stable operation of securities market and even the macroeconomy. As China is in rapid development of funds,scientific and effective investment strategies will be the only road for the long-term development of wellestablished fund management companies. We attempt to combine the value investment strategies with quantitative investment strategies to build a system of optimized investment strategies with the use of analytic hierarchy process so as to improve business performance of fund management companies and to foster the concept of value investment. Moreover,it possesses certain significance in enriching investment strategies for securities investment fund and promoting the healthy growth of the Chinese securities investment fund.

Challenges and optimization strategies in medical imaging service delivery during COVID-19

In coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),medical imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis,management and disease progression surveillance.Chest radiography and computed tomography are commonly used imaging techniques globally during this pandemic.As the pandemic continues to unfold,many healthcare systems worldwide struggle to balance the heavy strain due to overwhelming demand for healthcare resources.Changes are required across the entire healthcare system and medical imaging departments are no exception.The COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on medical imaging practices.It is now time to pay further attention to the profound challenges of COVID-19 on medical imaging services and develop effective strategies to get ahead of the crisis.Additionally,preparation for operations and survival in the post-pandemic future are necessary considerations.This review aims to comprehensively examine the challenges and optimization of delivering medical imaging services in relation to the current COVID-19 global pandemic,including the role of medical imaging during these challenging times and potential future directions post-COVID-19.

Distribution Characteristics and Optimization Strategies of Spatial Attractiveness of the Roof Garden in Meilecheng Commercial Complex of Handan City

With the rapid development of urban commercial complex in China,its roof garden becomes an important container for outdoor consumption and activities as the link between itself and the city,and more and more attention has been paid to its attractiveness.First,roof garden of Handan Meilecheng is taken as research object,and quantitative method of spatial attractiveness is established based on the number of spontaneous and chain activities and their intensity score.On this basis,data are collected via field investigation,and spatial attractiveness of roof garden of Meilecheng is quantified,and its distribution characteristics are summarized.Second,the cause of the characteristics formation is explained from the perspective of built environment elements.Finally,corresponding optimization strategies are proposed from four aspects:setting of landscape platform,increase of interest in sculpture sketches,design of space boundary,and improvement of spatial accessibility,which could provide reference for planning,design and transformation of roof garden of commercial complex in the future.

Economic Development Strategies and Optimization of High-tech Development Zones from the Perspective of"Four-transform and Three-famous":Taking Nanchang High-tech Development Zone as an Example

In recent years,high-tech development zones(hi-tech zones)have always occupied a very important position in the strategy of promoting China's innovative development.The combination of the"four-transform and three-famous"coordinated economic development strategy pioneered by Zhejiang Province in 2015 and the coordinated economic development of high-tech zones is particularly important for modern China at a critical time for innovative economic development.In this article,based on the research on the coordination mechanism of economic activities and development of Nanchang High-tech Zone,the development course of high-tech zones in China is elaborated,the early economic models in high-tech zones of Nanchang and China are analyzed,the existing problems in the structure of economic development of high-tech zones are analyzed in depth,the main driving factors for promoting the economic development of high-tech zones are studied from the aspects of capital,space,industry,economic model,etc.,and corresponding development strategies for high-tech development zones in China are proposed.

Optimization Strategies of Urban Informal Commercial Space under Demand Orientation

Commercial behavior in towns and cities is mainly divided into formal and informal behavior.Rapid urbanization has enabled formal commerce to develop more and more perfectly in towns,basically meeting the living needs of residents. However, because of problems such as urban history and management mechanism, informal commercial behavior formed by floating stallholders and other employed people is widespread in towns. Due to the characteristics of instability, flexibility and richness,informal commerce has gradually developed into an important business to attract residents and tourists. In this paper, the general characteristics of informal commercial behavior in towns, the characteristics of the urban public space bearing this kind of commerce, and residents' demand for informal commercial space were summarized, and then the optimization strategies of this kind of public space were put forward to help towns make full use of their scattered space, create diversified commercial places, and add vitality to urban space while providing residents and tourists with daily life needs and convenience.

A Comprehensive Evaluation of User Satisfaction with Industrial Heritage Reuse and the Optimization Strategies:Taking Zhonglian U Valley 2.5 Creative Industrial Park as an Example

The industrial heritage creative industrial park in Qingdao,which has been renovated and put to use,was selected as the research subject.Based on the data collected via the questionnaire survey and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,the hierarchical analysis method was used to calculate the weights of indicators at each level and construct a comprehensive satisfaction evaluation model,aiming to ensure a comprehensive satisfaction evaluation and analysis of the use effect of industrial heritage following renovation and utilization.Based on the evaluation results,the existing problems in the renovation and reuse of industrial heritage in Qingdao were analyzed,and subsequently corresponding optimization strategies were proposed.

Practical Dilemma and Optimization Strategies for the Physical Education Curriculum in Chinese Schools in the New Era

Based on the Party's school sports development concept and in view of the practical problems of sports practice faced by the schools,this study uses literature research,logical reasoning,expert interviews,and other research methods to review,analyze,as well as reflect on the current development of physical education curriculum existing in schools and propose feasible optimization strategies in line with the“core qualities of sports disciplines”training.

Advanced strategies for solid electrolyte interface design with MOF materials

Emerging energy technologies,aimed at addressing the challenges of energy scarcity and environmental pollution,have become a focal point for society.However,these actualities present significant challenges for modern energy storage devices.Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have gained considerable attention due to their high energy density.Nonetheless,their use of liquid electrolytes raises safety concerns,including dendritic growth,electrode corrosion,and electrolyte decomposition.In light of these challenges,solid-state batteries(SSBs)have emerged as a highly promising next-generation energy storage solution by leveraging lithium metal as the anode to achieve improved safety and energy density.Metal organic frameworks(MOFs),characterized by their porous structure,ordered crystal frame,and customizable configuration,have garnered interest as potential materials for enhancing solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)in SSBs.The integration of MOFs into SSEs offers opportunities to enhance the electrochemical performance and optimize the interface between SSEs and electrodes.This is made possible by leveraging the high porosity,functionalized structures,and abundant open metal sites of MOFs.However,the rational design of high-performance MOF-based SSEs for high-energy Li metal SSBs(LMSSBs)remains a significant challenge.In this comprehensive review,we present an overview of recent advancements in MOF-based SSEs for LMSSBs,focusing on strategies for interface optimization and property enhancement.We categorize these SSEs into two main types:MOF-based quasi-solid-state electrolytes and MOF-based all solid-state electrolytes.Within these categories,various subtypes are identified based on the combination mode,additional materials,formation state,preparation method,and interface optimization measures employed.The review also highlights the existing challenges associated with MOF materials in SSBs applications and proposes potential solutions and future development prospects to guide the advancement of MOFs-based SSEs.By providing a comprehensive assessment of the applications of MOFs in LMSSBs,this review aims to offer valuable insights and guidance for the development of MOF-based SSEs,addressing the key issues faced by these materials in SSBs technology.

Research on Performance Optimization of Spark Distributed Computing Platform

Spark,a distributed computing platform,has rapidly developed in the field of big data.Its in-memory computing feature reduces disk read overhead and shortens data processing time,making it have broad application prospects in large-scale computing applications such as machine learning and image processing.However,the performance of the Spark platform still needs to be improved.When a large number of tasks are processed simultaneously,Spark’s cache replacementmechanismcannot identify high-value data partitions,resulting inmemory resources not being fully utilized and affecting the performance of the Spark platform.To address the problem that Spark’s default cache replacement algorithm cannot accurately evaluate high-value data partitions,firstly the weight influence factors of data partitions are modeled and evaluated.Then,based on this weighted model,a cache replacement algorithm based on dynamic weighted data value is proposed,which takes into account hit rate and data difference.Better integration and usage strategies are implemented based on LRU(LeastRecentlyUsed).Theweight update algorithm updates the weight value when the data partition information changes,accurately measuring the importance of the partition in the current job;the cache removal algorithm clears partitions without useful values in the cache to releasememory resources;the weight replacement algorithm combines partition weights and partition information to replace RDD partitions when memory remaining space is insufficient.Finally,by setting up a Spark cluster environment,the algorithm proposed in this paper is experimentally verified.Experiments have shown that this algorithmcan effectively improve cache hit rate,enhance the performance of the platform,and reduce job execution time by 7.61%compared to existing improved algorithms.